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S6407Senate2019-2020 SessionSame asA8502

Expand Pre-Trial Detention Offenses

Official title

“Relates to qualifying offenses for pre-trial detention”

Sponsor Jim GaughranSD-5+7 co-sponsorsAffects Legal
Status
In Senate Committee
Codes
Impact
7/10
Significant
Passage
0%

Bill progress

Step 2 of 7

In committee · Codes

What's happening

This bill expands the list of qualifying offenses for which pre-trial detention is allowed under New York's criminal procedure law.

Why it matters

  1. Significantly broadens pre-trial detention eligibility. By expanding the list of qualifying offenses, the bill increases the number and types of criminal charges for which a judge can order pre-trial detention, impacting defendants accused of a wider array of offenses beyond those previously eligible.

  2. Impacts defendants accused of lower-level and non-violent crimes. The revised list includes certain misdemeanors (like fourth-degree stalking, aggravated harassment, and animal cruelty) and non-violent felonies (including some weapons and drug offenses), meaning more individuals facing less serious charges could be detained before trial.

  3. Responds to public safety and political pressures. The expansion addresses concerns that prior bail reforms were too lenient, aiming to give judges more discretion to detain those accused of crimes perceived as threats to public safety, but it also raises civil liberties concerns about potentially increasing pre-trial incarceration.

  4. Wider societal and fiscal implications. More pre-trial detention could result in higher jail populations, increased costs for local governments, and greater collateral consequences for individuals not yet convicted, including job loss, family disruption, and plea deal pressures.

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Who cares

Headline styles

Expand Pre-Trial Detention Offenses

Plain English, a few words. Used as the page title.

Sponsors

Primary sponsor
Jim Gaughran

Senator · Senate District 5

Chair, Local Government

History

  1. Print number 6407c
  2. Amend and recommit to codes
  3. Referred to codes
  4. Print number 6407b
  5. Amend and recommit to rules
  6. Print number 6407a
  7. Amend and recommit to rules
  8. Referred to rules

Companion bill

The same bill in the other chamber. A bill becomes law when one version passes both houses and the governor signs it, so either number can carry it.

A8502Assembly

Expand Pre-Trial Detention Offenses

In Assembly Committee · Codes · Sponsor Steve Stern

Impact 7 · Significant0% to pass

Full text

3 pagesUnderlined is new[Struck] is removedOfficial text on nysenate.gov ↗

STATE OF NEW YORK

6407--C

2019-2020 Regular Sessions

IN SENATE

June 7, 2019

Introduced by Sens. GAUGHRAN, MARTINEZ, BROOKS, KAPLAN, THOMAS, HARCK- HAM, SAVINO -- read twice and ordered printed, and when printed to be committed to the Committee on Rules -- committee discharged, bill amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted to said committee -- committee discharged, bill amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted to said committee -- recommitted to the Committee on Codes in accordance with Senate Rule 6, sec. 8 -- committee discharged, bill amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted to said committee

AN ACT to amend the criminal procedure law, in relation to qualifying offenses for pre-trial detention

The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows:

Section 1. Paragraphs (a), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h) and (i) of subdivision 4 of section 510.10 of the criminal procedure law, as added by section 2 of part JJJ of chapter 59 of the laws of 2019, are amended and seven new paragraphs (d-1), (j), (k), (l), (m), (n) and (o) are added to read as follows:

(a) a felony enumerated in section 70.02 of the penal law, [other than burglary in the second degree as defined in subdivision two of section 140.25 of the penal law or robbery in the second degree as defined in subdivision one of section 160.10 of the penal law] assault in the third degree as defined in section 120.00 of the penal law, reckless assault of a child by a child day care provider as defined in section 120.01 of the penal law, aggravated vehicular assault as defined in section 120.04-a of the penal law, aggravated assault upon a person less than eleven years old as defined in section 120.12 of the penal law, stalking in the fourth degree as defined in section 120.45 of the penal law, stalking in the third degree as defined in section 120.50 of the penal law, stalking in the second degree as defined in section 120.55 of the penal law, stalking in the first degree as defined in section 120.60 of

EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets

[ ] is old law to be omitted.

LBD13220-14-0

S. 6407--C 2

the penal law, criminally negligent homicide as defined in section 125.10 of the penal law, vehicular manslaughter in the second degree as defined in section 125.12 of the penal law, vehicular manslaughter in the first degree as defined by section 125.13 of the penal law, aggravated vehicular homicide as defined in section 125.14 of the penal law, manslaughter in the second degree as defined in section 125.15 of the penal law, unlawful imprisonment in the first degree as defined in section 135.10 of the penal law, coercion in the first degree as defined in section 135.65 of the penal law, burglary in the third degree as defined in section 140.20 of the penal law, arson in the fourth degree as defined in section 150.05 of the penal law, arson in the third degree as defined in section 150.10 of the penal law, grand larceny in the first degree as defined in section 155.42 of the penal law, robbery in the third degree as defined in section 160.05 of the penal law, criminal possession of a weapon on school grounds as defined in section 265.01-a of the penal law, or criminal possession of a firearm as defined in section 265.01-b of the penal law;

(d) a class A felony defined in the penal law, other than in article two hundred twenty of such law with the exception of [section] sections 220.18, 220.21, 220.41, 220.43, 220.44 and 220.77 of such law;

(d-1) use of a child to commit a controlled substance offense as defined in section 220.28 of the penal law and criminal sale of a controlled substance to a child as defined in section 220.48 of the penal law;

(e) a felony sex offense defined in section 70.80 of the penal law or a crime involving incest as defined in section 255.25, 255.26 or 255.27 of such law, promoting prostitution in the first degree as defined in section 230.32 of the penal law, compelling prostitution as defined in section 230.33 of the penal law or a misdemeanor defined in article one hundred thirty of such law;

(f) conspiracy in the second degree as defined in section 105.15 of the penal law, where the underlying allegation of such charge is that the defendant conspired to commit a class A felony defined in article one hundred twenty-five of the penal law, criminal solicitation in the first degree as defined in section 100.13 of the penal law or criminal facilitation in the first degree as defined in section 115.08 of the penal law;

(g) money laundering in support of terrorism in the first degree as defined in section 470.24 of the penal law; money laundering in support of terrorism in the second degree as defined in section 470.23 of the penal law; money laundering in support of terrorism in the fourth degree as defined in section 470.21 of the penal law, money laundering in support of terrorism in the third degree as defined in section 470.22 of the penal law, or a felony crime of terrorism as defined in article four hundred ninety of the penal law[, other than the crime defined in section 490.20 of such law];

(h) criminal contempt in the second degree as defined in subdivision three of section 215.50 of the penal law, criminal contempt in the first degree as defined in subdivision (b), (c) or (d) of section 215.51 of the penal law or aggravated criminal contempt as defined in section 215.52 of the penal law, and the underlying allegation of such charge of criminal contempt in the second degree, criminal contempt in the first degree or aggravated criminal contempt is that the defendant violated a duly served order of protection where the protected party is a member of the defendant's same family or household as defined in subdivision one of section 530.11 of this article; [or]

S. 6407--C 3

(i) prostitution in a school zone as defined in section 230.03 of the penal law, promoting prostitution in a school zone as defined in section 230.19 of the penal law, facilitating a sexual performance by a child with a controlled substance or alcohol as defined in section 263.30 of the penal law, use of a child in a sexual performance as defined in section 263.05 of the penal law, patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone as defined in section 230.08 of the penal law, promoting an obscene sexual performance by a child as defined in section 263.10 of the penal law, possessing an obscene sexual performance by a child as defined in section 263.11 of the penal law, promoting a sexual performance by a child as defined in section 263.15 of the penal law, possessing a sexual performance by a child as defined in section 263.16 of the penal law, failure to register as a sex offender as defined in section 168-t of the correction law or luring a child as defined in subdivision one of section 120.70 of the penal law[.];

(j) obstructing governmental administration in the second degree as defined in section 195.05 of the penal law, killing or injuring a police animal as defined in section 195.06 of the penal law, killing a police work dog or police work horse as defined in section 195.06-a of the penal law, obstructing governmental administration in the first degree as defined in section 195.07, obstructing governmental administration by means of a self-defense spray device as defined in section 195.08, bribery in the first degree as defined in section 200.04 of the penal law, bribe receiving in the first degree as defined in section 200.12 of the penal law, bribe giving for public office as defined in section 200.45 of the penal law, promoting prison contraband in the second degree as defined in section 205.20 of the penal law, promoting prison contraband in the first degree as defined in section 205.25 of the penal law, resisting arrest as defined in section 205.30 of the penal law, hindering prosecution in the first degree as defined in section 205.65 of the penal law, tampering with a juror in the first degree as defined in section 215.25 of the penal law or tampering with physical evidence as defined in section 215.40 of the penal law;

(k) public sensibilities and the right to privacy including aggravated harassment in the first degree as defined in section 240.31 of the penal law or directing a laser at an aircraft in the first degree as defined in section 240.77 of the penal law;

(l) criminal possession of a weapon in the fourth degree as defined in section 265.01 of the penal law, criminal sale of a firearm to a minor as defined in section 265.16 of the penal law, criminal purchase or disposal of a weapon as defined in section 265.17 of the penal law, or aggravated criminal possession of a weapon as defined in section 265.19 of the penal law;

(m) enterprise corruption as defined in section 460.20 of the penal law or money laundering in the first degree as defined in section 470.20 of the penal law;

(n) aggravated cruelty to animals as defined in section three hundred fifty-three-a of the agriculture and markets law, overdriving, torturing and injuring animals, failure to provide proper sustenance as defined in section three hundred fifty-three of the agriculture and markets law, or animal fighting as defined in section three hundred fifty-one of the agriculture and markets law; or

(o) a hate crime as defined in section 485.05 of the penal law.

§ 2. This act shall take effect immediately.

Reflowed for reading: line numbers and page breaks removed. Cite the official text.

Sponsor's memo

Title of bill

An act to amend the criminal procedure law, in relation to qualifying offenses for pre-trial detention

Purpose or general idea of bill

To provide judges with additional discretion in determining whether a criminal defendant should be held in custody or be required to post bail or bond as a condition of pre-trial release.

Summary of specific provisions

Section one amends paragraphs a, d, e, f, g, h and i of subdivision 4 of section 510.10 of the criminal procedure law and adds six new paragraphs d-1, j, k, 1, m, and n, in relation to adding to the list of qualifying offenses for which a judge would have discretion to require a criminal defendant to post bail or bond as a condition of pre-trial release.

Read the full memo (961 words)

Paragraph a, which provides that violent felony offenses shall be considered qualifying offenses, is amended to also include all catego- ries of burglary in the second degree and third degree and robbery in the second degree and third degree, assault in the third degree, reck- less assault of a child by a child day care provider, aggravated vehicu- lar assault, aggravated assault upon a person less than eleven years old, criminally negligent homicide, vehicular manslaughter in the second degree and first degree, aggravated vehicular homicide, manslaughter in the second degree, unlawful imprisonment in the first degree, coercion in the first degree, arson in the third and fourth degree, grand larceny in the first degree, criminal possession of a weapon on school grounds, criminal possession of a firearm, and all degrees of stalking.

Paragraph d, which provides that A felonies shall be considered qualify- ing offenses, is amended to provide that high level drug crimes shall also be considered qualifying offenses. These A felony drug offenses include criminal possession of a controlled substance in the first and second degree, criminal sale of a controlled substance in the first and second degree, and criminal sale of a controlled substance in or near school grounds.

A new paragraph d-1 is added, to include as a qualifying offense, speci- fied felony drug offenses involving the use of children including use of a child to commit a controlled substance offense and criminal sale of a controlled substance to a child.

Paragraph e, which provides that felony sex crimes and specified incest crimes are qualifying offenses, is amended to include promoting prosti- tution in the first degree and compelling prostitution as qualifying offenses.

Paragraph f, which provides that specified conspiracy crimes are quali- fying offenses is amended to include criminal solicitation in the first degree and criminal facilitation in the first degree as qualifying offenses.

Paragraph g, which provides that specified terrorism crimes are qualify- ing offenses is amended to include as a qualifying offense the crimes of money laundering in support of terrorism in the third and fourth degree and making a terroristic threat.

Paragraph i, which provides that specified sex crimes involving children are qualifying offenses, is amended to include as a qualifying offense the crimes of patronizing a person for prostitution in a school zone, prostitution in a school zone, promoting an obscene sexual performance by a child, possessing an obscene sexual performance by a child, promot- ing a sexual performance by a child, possessing a sexual performance by a child, and failure to register as a sex offender as qualifying offenses.

A new paragraph j is added, pertaining to specified offenses against public administration. This section adds the following as qualifying offenses: obstructing governmental administration in the first and second degree, obstructing governmental administration by means of a self-defense spray device, killing or injuring a police animal, killing a police work dog or police work horse, bribery in the first degree, bribe giving for public office, bribe receiving in the first degree, promoting prison contraband in the first and second degree, resisting arrest, hindering prosecution, tampering with a juror and tampering with physical evidence.

A new paragraph k is added, pertaining to specified offenses against public order, public sensibilities and the right to privacy. This section adds the following as qualifying offenses: aggravated harassment in the first degree and directing a laser at an aircraft in the first degree.

A new paragraph 1 is added, pertaining to specified offenses against public safety. This section adds the following as qualifying offenses: criminal possession of a weapon in the fourth degree and criminal sale of a firearm to a minor.

A new paragraph m is added, pertaining to organized crime. This section adds the following as qualifying offenses: enterprise corruption and money laundering in the first degree.

A new paragraph n is added, pertaining to offenses related to animal cruelty. This section adds the following as qualifying offenses: aggra- vated cruelty to animals, overdriving, torturing and injuring animals; failure to provide proper sustenance, and animal fighting.

A new paragraph o is added, pertaining to hate crimes. This section adds all hate crimes as qualifying offenses.

Justification

The 2019 Enacted Budget contained several measures aimed at reforming the Criminal Justice System. One of the reforms advanced was the elimi- nation of remand and cash bail for certain criminal offenses. While the elimination of remand and cash bail for low-level, non-violent crimes is a noble cause, judges should have discretion in determining whether bail, bond or pre-trial detention is needed for some of the more serious criminal offenses. This bill adds to the list of qualifying offenses for

which judges will have discretion to determine the pre-trial require- ments for certain criminal defendant.

Prior legislative history

New Bill.

Fiscal implications

None to the State.

Effective date

This act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as section 2 of part JJJ of chapter 59 of the laws of 2019.

Summaries, headlines and scores are AI-generated from the official bill text. How we score bills. Source: NYS Open Legislation.