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Monday, May 2, 2022

3:22 PMRegular SessionALBANY, NEW YORK
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                                                               2802

 1                NEW YORK STATE SENATE

 2                          

 3                          

 4               THE STENOGRAPHIC RECORD

 5                          

 6                          

 7                          

 8                          

 9                  ALBANY, NEW YORK

10                     May 2, 2022

11                      3:22 p.m.

12                          

13                          

14                   REGULAR SESSION

15  

16  

17  

18  SENATOR SHELLEY B. MAYER, Acting President

19  ALEJANDRA N. PAULINO, ESQ., Secretary

20  

21  

22  

23  

24  

25  


                                                               2803

 1                P R O C E E D I N G S

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The Senate 

 3    will come to order.  

 4                 I ask everyone present to please 

 5    rise and recite the Pledge of Allegiance.

 6                 (Whereupon, the assemblage recited 

 7    the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   In the 

 9    absence of clergy, let us bow our heads in a 

10    moment of silent reflection or prayer.

11                 (Whereupon, the assemblage respected 

12    a moment of silence.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Reading of 

14    the Journal.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   In Senate, Sunday, 

16    May 1, 2022, the Senate met pursuant to 

17    adjournment.  The Journal of Saturday, April 30, 

18    2022, was read and approved.  On motion, the 

19    Senate adjourned.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Without 

21    objection, the Journal stands approved as read.

22                 Presentation of petitions.

23                 Messages from the Assembly.

24                 The Secretary will read.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Skoufis 


                                                               2804

 1    moves to discharge, from the Committee on Energy 

 2    and Telecommunications, Assembly Bill Number 340B 

 3    and substitute it for the identical Senate Bill 

 4    Number 1829B, Third Reading Calendar 119.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   So 

 6    ordered.

 7                 Messages from the Governor.

 8                 Reports of standing committees.

 9                 Reports of select committees.

10                 Communications and reports from 

11    state officers.

12                 Motions and resolutions.

13                 Senator Kennedy.

14                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Good afternoon, 

15    Madam President.  It is great to see you once 

16    again.  

17                 I am standing in for 

18    Senator Gianaris, who again is doing well, sends 

19    his regards, and will be back with us soon.

20                 I'd like to offer amendments to the 

21    following Third Reading Calendar bills, 

22    Madam President.  

23                 The first bill, sponsored by 

24    Senator Mayer, page 26, Calendar Number 469, 

25    Senate Print 6363.


                                                               2805

 1                 The next bill, sponsored by 

 2    Senator Kaminsky, page 28, Calendar Number 502, 

 3    Senate Print 1019B.

 4                 The next bill, sponsored by 

 5    Senator Krueger, page 31, Calendar Number 564, 

 6    Senate Print 6226C.

 7                 The next bill, sponsored by 

 8    Senator Breslin, page number 35, Calendar Number 

 9    662, Senate Print 7744.

10                 And finally, sponsored by Senator 

11    Hinchey, page number 45, Calendar Number 798, 

12    Senate Print Number 7655.

13                 Madam President, I now move that 

14    these bills retain their place on the order of 

15    third reading.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

17    amendments are received, and the bills will 

18    retain their place on the Third Reading Calendar.

19                 Senator Kennedy.

20                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Yes, 

21    Madam President, I wish to call up Bill Print 

22    5027B, by Senator Kavanagh, recalled from the 

23    Assembly, which is now at the desk.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

25    Secretary will read.


                                                               2806

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    262, Senate Print 5027B, by Senator Kavanagh, an 

 3    act to amend the Environmental Conservation Law.

 4                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   I now move to 

 5    reconsider the vote by which this bill was 

 6    passed.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

 8    roll.

 9                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

12    is restored to its place on the Third Reading 

13    Calendar.

14                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

15    I now offer the following amendments.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

17    amendments are received, and the bill will retain 

18    its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

19                 Senator Kennedy.

20                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

21    I wish to call up Bill Print Number 2012, by 

22    Senator Jackson, recalled from the Assembly, 

23    which is now at the desk.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

25    Secretary will read.


                                                               2807

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    453, Senate Print 2012, by Senator Jackson, an 

 3    act to amend the Administrative Code of the City 

 4    of New York.

 5                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

 6    I now wish to reconsider the vote by which this 

 7    bill was passed. 

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

 9    roll.

10                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

13    is restored to its place on the Third Reading 

14    Calendar.

15                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

16    I now offer the following amendments.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    amendments are received, and the bill will retain 

19    its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

20                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

21    I wish to call up Bill Print Number 2013, also by 

22    Senator Jackson, recalled from the Assembly, 

23    which is now at the desk.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

25    Secretary will read.


                                                               2808

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    454, Senate Print 2013, by Senator Jackson, an 

 3    act to amend the Administrative Code of the City 

 4    of New York.

 5                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

 6    I now move to reconsider the vote by which this 

 7    bill was passed.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

 9    roll.

10                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

13    is restored to its place on the Third Reading 

14    Calendar.

15                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

16    I now offer the following amendments.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    amendments are received, and the bill will retain 

19    its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

20                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Thank you, 

21    Madam President.

22                 There will be an immediate meeting 

23    of the Rules Committee in Room 332.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   There will 

25    be an immediate meeting of the Rules Committee in 


                                                               2809

 1    Room 332.

 2                 The Senate stands at ease.

 3                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

 4    at 3:27 p.m.)

 5                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

 6    3:38 p.m.)

 7                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

 8    there is a report of the Rules Committee at the 

 9    desk.  

10                 Please take that up.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    Secretary will read.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator 

14    Stewart-Cousins, from the Committee on Rules, 

15    reports the following bills:

16                 Senate Print 8947, by Senator 

17    Gounardes, an act to amend Part RR of Chapter 59 

18    of the Laws of 2022;

19                 Senate Print 8948, by 

20    Senator Gounardes, an act to amend subpart A of 

21    Part MM of Chapter 59 of the Laws of 2022; 

22                 Senate Print 8949, by 

23    Senator Krueger, an act to amend the 

24    Election Law.

25                 All bills reported direct to third 


                                                               2810

 1    reading.  

 2                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   I move to accept 

 3    the report of the Rules Committee, 

 4    Madam President.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

 6    Senator Kennedy.

 7                 The question is on the report of the 

 8    Rules Committee.  All in favor signify by saying 

 9    aye.

10                 (Response of "Aye.")

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Opposed, 

12    nay.

13                 (No response.)

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The report 

15    is accepted.

16                 Senator Kennedy.

17                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Thank you.  

18                 Please take up previously adopted 

19    Resolution 1525, by Senator Kaplan, read that 

20    resolution in title only, and recognize 

21    Senator Kaplan on the resolution.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

23    Secretary will read.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

25    1525, by Senator Kaplan, commemorating the 


                                                               2811

 1    observance of Yom HaShoah in the State of 

 2    New York, April 27-28, 2022.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 4    Kaplan on the resolution.

 5                 SENATOR KAPLAN:   Thank you, 

 6    Madam President.

 7                 From 1933 to 1945, 6 million Jews 

 8    were murdered in the Nazi Holocaust, systematic 

 9    program of genocide designed to eliminate Jewish 

10    people from the face of the earth.

11                 On Holocaust Remembrance Day, also 

12    known as Yom HaShoah, we remember the 6 million 

13    lives lost to antisemitism and hatred during the 

14    Holocaust, and we pass their stories on to the 

15    next generation so that we may never forget what 

16    happened.

17                 But in a time where there are fewer 

18    survivors among us to share their stories, how do 

19    we ensure that "Never Forget" isn't just a saying 

20    but something we are ensuring?

21                 A recent study by the Claims 

22    Conference laid out shocking statistics about how 

23    we are failing at teaching the next generation 

24    about the atrocities of the Holocaust.  Among 

25    millennials in New York, 58 percent can't name a 


                                                               2812

 1    single concentration camp; 19 percent believe 

 2    that Jews caused the Holocaust; and 28 percent 

 3    believe that the Holocaust is a myth or a story 

 4    that has been exaggerated.  

 5                 Let that sink in for a minute:  More 

 6    than a quarter of New York millennials believe 

 7    that the Holocaust is a myth or has been 

 8    exaggerated.

 9                 I would point out also that in each 

10    of these three categories, New York ranked dead 

11    last of any state in this country -- a truly 

12    shocking fact, considering just how many 

13    Holocaust survivors settled right here in our 

14    state.

15                 Learning the lessons of the 

16    Holocaust is more important today than ever 

17    before, and it's taken a new urgency in recent 

18    weeks as we all watched in horror as a peaceful 

19    European nation was invaded under false pretenses 

20    and cynically using Holocaust misinformation as 

21    an excuse to do so.

22                 It is critical that we all know our 

23    history and that we teach our next generation 

24    about it, no matter how dark or difficult that 

25    conversation may be.  That is why I've been 


                                                               2813

 1    fighting to pass the Holocaust education bill, 

 2    which will ensure that every single child in 

 3    New York receives a meaningful education on the 

 4    Holocaust.

 5                 And that is why I've been pushing so 

 6    hard for this -- for its passage, because at a 

 7    time when hatred and antisemitism is exploding 

 8    around the world and in our own community, we 

 9    must do everything we can to ensure that we learn 

10    the lessons of history so that we are not doomed 

11    to repeat it again.

12                 Thank you, Madam President.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

14    Senator Kaplan.

15                 Senator Hoylman on the resolution.

16                 SENATOR HOYLMAN:   Thank you, 

17    Madam President.

18                 I want to first thank Senator Kaplan 

19    for her efforts in making certain that Holocaust 

20    education is what it should be in the State of 

21    New York:  As a method, as a process, as an 

22    effort to realign young people's thinking about 

23    the reality and the horrors of the Holocaust.

24                 And I wanted to share with you today 

25    a letter that was sent on December 7, 1941, by my 


                                                               2814

 1    husband's great-grandmother to her daughter.  Her 

 2    name was Rozjka, and the daughter, my husband's 

 3    great-aunt, was Frieda.  And what it -- well, 

 4    I'll read it first.  And what strikes me is how 

 5    normal things were back on March 26, 1941, in the 

 6    Bialystok region of Poland.  

 7                 And she writes:  "My dear child, we 

 8    received your postcard and your letter with the 

 9    card, and I replied immediately.  I assume you 

10    already received it.  

11                 "How are you doing, my beloved?  You 

12    probably correspond with Sonia.  How are they 

13    doing?  How is she doing?  Why don't you send 

14    regards to Rachel and to Chachi as well?  Why is 

15    it that none of them is writing anything to me?  

16    Did you enjoy yourself at the wedding?  

17                 "Thank God we are in good health and 

18    doing well.  We don't lack anything, and we hope 

19    that things will not get worse and that we will 

20    be in good health.  I am the way I used to be.  

21    We could not be in better health.  As long as I 

22    walk on my feet, it is certainly good.  And God 

23    knows what and how the end will be."

24                 This was written, Madam President, 

25    three months before she and her entire family 


                                                               2815

 1    were exterminated.

 2                 So again, Madam President, the 

 3    purpose of today's resolution could not be more 

 4    important as we see the rates of antisemitism and 

 5    hatred skyrocket across the country, including 

 6    New York.

 7                 Thank you, Senator Kaplan.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

 9    Senator Hoylman.

10                 Senator May on the resolution.

11                 SENATOR MAY:   Thank you, 

12    Madam President.  

13                 And I also want to thank 

14    Senator Kaplan for bringing this resolution and 

15    reminding us how -- what it means, truly, when we 

16    say we will never forget.

17                 I have visited Dachau, I've visited 

18    Yad Vashem in Israel, I've visited the Holocaust 

19    Museum in Washington, D.C.  And it's important to 

20    keep reminding ourselves just how powerful a 

21    hateful ideology can be, how powerful propaganda 

22    can be when it's trained on people who are 

23    already angry or frustrated or feeling like 

24    they're losing control of their government or 

25    their society.  


                                                               2816

 1                 People who are otherwise -- think of 

 2    themselves as kind and thoughtful and good 

 3    neighbors and upstanding citizens can suddenly be 

 4    changed profoundly by that kind of propaganda 

 5    campaign.

 6                 And I think we can see it happening 

 7    in Russia right now, where people believe that 

 8    there are neo-Nazis in Ukraine who are being -- 

 9    you know, that somehow the war is justified.  We 

10    are seeing it at home as well.  And I think it is 

11    absolutely critical that we keep reminding 

12    ourselves how important it is to remember what 

13    road it is possible to go down and how we must 

14    never go down that road again.

15                 Thank you.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

17    Senator May.

18                 Senator Krueger on the resolution.

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.  Thank 

20    you very much, Madam President.

21                 I also rise to thank Senator Kaplan 

22    for bringing this resolution to us, and for also 

23    just sharing for a few minutes that my own 

24    family, Jewish from Eastern Europe, many died in 

25    the war, many of us were here first, and some 


                                                               2817

 1    survived the camps and came to this country after 

 2    the war.

 3                 But as my colleagues have pointed 

 4    out, the real lesson for the 21st century of why 

 5    we must never forget is because it is so easy to 

 6    repeat.  And we are seeing it today, far more 

 7    than at any other point in my life.  We are 

 8    seeing neofascists, neo-Nazis, dictators.  We are 

 9    seeing Putin attempt to take countries in Europe 

10    with little difference between the philosophy he 

11    seems to be carrying out and Hitler before him.

12                 And so it is crucial as nations, as 

13    the individuals within nations, particularly one 

14    like ours, which we are so proud of it being 

15    pluralistic and most of the time most of us being 

16    able to live in harmony with each other -- that 

17    we not only never forget, we are extremely 

18    conscious of these mistakes starting small and 

19    growing rapidly into uncontrolled movements that 

20    we won't know what hit us.

21                 And I think in some parts of our 

22    country we're also seeing that.  I was reading 

23    this morning about a caravan of trucks that 

24    started from one part of the country and is 

25    filled with people with guns and anger and 


                                                               2818

 1    hatred, and identify themselves as neofascists, 

 2    starting to travel state by state with already 

 3    one shootout on a highway.

 4                 So we can't just think of it as 

 5    history.  We have to keep reminding ourselves of 

 6    what the human being in each of us is capable of 

 7    if the wrong decisions are made.  And we have to 

 8    keep making sure that we, as representatives of 

 9    government, and our governments keep making the 

10    right decisions.

11                 Thank you, Madam President.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you.

13                 Senator Savino on the resolution.

14                 SENATOR SAVINO:   Thank you, 

15    Madam President.

16                 I also rise to thank Senator Kaplan 

17    for bringing this resolution again.  

18                 For almost the entire time that I've 

19    been a member of the Senate, I've represented the 

20    portions of south Brooklyn that are home to the 

21    highest concentration of Holocaust survivors some 

22    say in the country, certainly in the State of 

23    New York.

24                 For many years the communities of 

25    Borough Park and, for my entire career, Coney 


                                                               2819

 1    Island and Brighton Beach -- thousands of 

 2    Holocaust survivors who can trace their history 

 3    back to either Eastern Europe or, many of them, 

 4    to the Russian-speaking portion of the areas that 

 5    were affected by the Holocaust.  

 6                 They are living history.  And their 

 7    resilience -- many of them are very old now, in 

 8    their late eighties, some of them in their 

 9    nineties -- their ability to speak about what 

10    happened to them and their families and share 

11    their history as a lesson to young people has 

12    been remarkable.  

13                 Every year up, until the past two 

14    years during the pandemic -- but one of the 

15    experiences that has been really amazing to watch 

16    is every year the Shorefront Y would have a day 

17    where the Holocaust survivors would meet with 

18    young students from a high school.  They pick a 

19    different high school every year.  

20                 And they would sit down and they 

21    would speak about what they had gone through, 

22    what their families had gone through.  And they 

23    would -- it would be an actual living history 

24    lesson.  Really amazing to watch and to see these 

25    young people, for whom the Holocaust was some 


                                                               2820

 1    sort of a chapter in a history book, and it 

 2    became a living history lesson for them.

 3                 In a few years most of these 

 4    survivors will no longer be here.  It's just 

 5    reality.  So I think it's critically important 

 6    that we honor their legacy, capture them while 

 7    they're alive, and then finally pass 

 8    Senator Kaplan's bill to make sure that the 

 9    Holocaust is really taught appropriately and with 

10    the right type of dignity so that we never 

11    forget, as Senator Krueger mentioned, and we 

12    remind the world that humans are capable of great 

13    things and we are also capable of great horror.

14                 And if we take our eye off of that, 

15    we could relive a Holocaust again.  And God 

16    forbid that ever happens.  

17                 So thank you, Madam President.  

18                 Thank you, Senator Kaplan.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

20    Gounardes on the resolution.

21                 SENATOR GOUNARDES:   Thank you, 

22    Madam President.

23                 You know, there's a lot of junk we 

24    can find on social media these days, like Twitter 

25    especially.  But one of the most sobering Twitter 


                                                               2821

 1    accounts that I happen to follow is the Twitter 

 2    account of the Auschwitz Memorial.  And every 

 3    day, every 20, 30 minutes they post a name and a 

 4    picture of someone who was exterminated during 

 5    the Holocaust.  

 6                 If we ever need a reminder as to the 

 7    true human cost and the toll that that 

 8    devastating chapter in human history actually 

 9    took, just look at that Twitter account.  It's 

10    easy to think something happened 75 years ago, it 

11    didn't happen to us, unless we had a personal 

12    connection to it.  We just hear numbers.  Numbers 

13    sound so distant to us.  Look at the pictures.  

14    Look at the names.  The children.  The mothers.  

15    The fathers.  It's the most sobering account that 

16    I follow.  And it's a great reminder as to how 

17    important it is that we actually take a day every 

18    year to remember the Holocaust, remember what 

19    happened.  

20                 I want to thank Senator Kaplan for 

21    this resolution.  

22                 A few years ago I read a book about 

23    the history of the Jewish community in Greece, 

24    and I learned that like so many countries in 

25    Europe, the Jewish community in Greece was 


                                                               2822

 1    devastated by the Holocaust.  The highest 

 2    percentage of its Jewish population of any other 

 3    country in Europe was wiped out during the 

 4    Holocaust.  Ninety-four percent of the Jewish 

 5    community in Greece was exterminated by the Nazi 

 6    regime.  

 7                 And I think about a story I read 

 8    from the island of Zakynthos, where there was a 

 9    community of 245 Jews living on the island.  And 

10    when the Nazis came to the island and said to the 

11    mayor and to the bishop "Turn over a list of all 

12    the Jews," they turned over a list with two 

13    names:  The mayor's and the bishop's.  And they 

14    hid the Jewish community, and they protected 

15    them.  And they saved them.

16                 So when we say "never forget," it's 

17    not just a reminder to ourselves to say, okay, 

18    never forget.  It's on the people who are not the 

19    targets to stand up and use themselves as a 

20    shield, either physically or metaphorically, to 

21    be able to protect those who are under attack, 

22    who are under assault, whose very existence is 

23    being threatened and jeopardized.  

24                 And so that history is very deep, 

25    very personal.  And as I continue to explore the 


                                                               2823

 1    history of the Jewish community in Greece, which 

 2    is very important to me, stories like that I 

 3    think are a great reminder as to the role that we 

 4    can play to stand up against a rising tide of 

 5    antisemitism, a rising tide of hatred and 

 6    bigotry, whether it's happening to our Jewish 

 7    neighbors, to our Asian neighbors -- whoever 

 8    might be that target.  

 9                 We all bear that responsibility to 

10    stand up and not just say "never again," but to 

11    actively live out the value that we are preaching 

12    and actually make sure that it never happens 

13    again.

14                 Thank you.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you.

16                 Senator Reichlin-Melnick on the 

17    resolution.

18                 SENATOR REICHLIN-MELNICK:   Thank 

19    you, Madam President.

20                 And thank you, Senator Kaplan, for 

21    introducing this incredibly important resolution.

22                 Because we are now almost 

23    three-quarters of a century beyond the end of the 

24    Holocaust, and this is a time when horrific human 

25    rights violations are happening around the world, 


                                                               2824

 1    still.  We said "never forget," but there are 

 2    horrific violations happening in countries all 

 3    over the world -- in Syria and Yemen, in China 

 4    and Burma, and of course in Russia's ongoing 

 5    invasion of Ukraine.  

 6                 And so now it's more important than 

 7    ever that we keep the memory of the Holocaust 

 8    alive.  We have to use that knowledge to alert 

 9    people to where racism, bigotry and militarized 

10    nationalism can lead when left unchecked.  

11                 As the number of Holocaust survivors 

12    decreases each year, we are losing a vital link 

13    to their history.  Younger generations are 

14    increasingly shockingly uninformed about the 

15    Holocaust.  As Senator Kaplan noticed, studies 

16    have shown that among New Yorkers ages 18 to 39, 

17    28 percent thought the Holocaust was a myth or 

18    had been exaggerated, and 19 percent -- almost 

19    one in five -- thought that Jews themselves had 

20    caused the Holocaust.  

21                 We are living in a world that is 

22    awash with cynicism and misinformation, where 

23    there is this divisive "us versus them" dynamic 

24    that dominates our public discourse.  And so too 

25    often we can't even agree on simple facts that 


                                                               2825

 1    are right in front of our faces.  Look at how 

 2    dealing with a deadly pandemic has become a 

 3    matter of politics, not public health.  

 4                 If we're this divided and 

 5    misinformed on what's going on in the world 

 6    today, it's not surprising that so many people 

 7    are deeply ignorant about history.  And it's not 

 8    surprising, but it is incredibly concerning and 

 9    alarming.  

10                 And so I'll just say when I attended 

11    public schools, we did learn about the Holocaust 

12    and about the violent pogroms in Russia that 

13    preceded it and that drove three-quarters of my 

14    family to emigrate from what was then the Russian 

15    Empire, around the turn of the 20th century, to 

16    flee the murderous antisemitism that was taking 

17    place in that part of Europe.  

18                 We even took a field trip down -- in 

19    10th grade, with my school -- to the Holocaust 

20    Museum in Washington, D.C.  

21                 But in speaking with other people, 

22    younger generations, it's clear that not all 

23    districts are providing an equally thorough 

24    education in the Holocaust and antisemitism.  

25                 And so I am so proud that we did 


                                                               2826

 1    move this bill through the Education Committee 

 2    that Senator Kaplan has sponsored.  I look 

 3    forward to passing it on the floor so that we can 

 4    make sure that all New Yorkers are getting an 

 5    accurate education.  We can start to turn around 

 6    some of the misinformation and some of the 

 7    ignorance that's out there and make sure that 

 8    "never forget" and "never again" truly becomes a 

 9    reality.

10                 I proudly support this resolution.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

12    Senator Reichlin-Melnick.

13                 Senator Boyle on the resolution.

14                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Thank you, 

15    Madam President.

16                 I rise in support of the resolution.  

17    I'd like to thank Senator Kaplan for your 

18    sponsorship.

19                 These numbers are truly scary as to 

20    the lack of knowledge for our students and of 

21    people of all ages in New York State and around 

22    the country.

23                 I think back to the fact that 

24    then-General Dwight D. Eisenhower said to the 

25    American troops who didn't want to film the 


                                                               2827

 1    survivors of some of these concentration camps -- 

 2    he said, "No, definitely film them, because in a 

 3    generation people are going to deny that this 

 4    happened."

 5                 Well, we have the videotape, as it 

 6    were.  We've seen it ourselves.  And even with 

 7    that, these numbers are scary as to the number of 

 8    students who don't know the basics about the 

 9    Holocaust.  But we can turn it around.  

10                 But we need to be mindful, I think, 

11    as elected officials.  More than once I heard 

12    people in politics comparing certain individuals 

13    they don't like to Hitler.  By doing that, we're 

14    diminishing what actually happened in the 

15    Holocaust.  So I'd ask all my colleagues to think 

16    about that.  When they don't like someone, say 

17    they're a jerk, say whatever they are.  But don't 

18    compare them to Hitler and what happened in the 

19    Holocaust.  

20                 We must never forget.  And for those 

21    of my colleagues who have never been there, I 

22    strongly suggest if you ever get to Israel, visit 

23    Yad Vashem.  You will never forget it.  

24                 I support it.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 


                                                               2828

 1    Senator Boyle.

 2                 Senator Borrello on the resolution.

 3                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

 4    Madam President.  

 5                 I also rise to thank the sponsor for 

 6    this resolution.  I was also proud to stand with 

 7    her and several of my colleagues when we talked 

 8    about educating especially young people on the 

 9    Holocaust.  

10                 Her initiative to bring a mobile 

11    Holocaust education effort to -- that could 

12    actually go around all of New York State to bring 

13    the reality of the Holocaust I think is needed 

14    when you look at the statistics that she spoke 

15    of, the fact that so many young people have a 

16    misunderstanding of what the Holocaust is and 

17    what actually happened.

18                 I think it also speaks to -- because 

19    some of my colleagues have brought up current 

20    events, it also speaks to the fact that we do 

21    have an effort in our nation to erase our 

22    history, good and bad.  And that is certainly an 

23    effort that has not helped this situation.  

24                 So we have to ensure that we are 

25    teaching our children actual history and get back 


                                                               2829

 1    to education instead of indoctrination.  

 2                 Thank you, Madam President.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you.

 4                 The resolution was previously 

 5    adopted on January 11th.

 6                 Senator Kennedy.

 7                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Thank you, 

 8    Madam President.  

 9                 At the request of the sponsor, this 

10    important resolution is open for cosponsorship.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    resolution is open for cosponsorship.  Should you 

13    choose not to be a cosponsor of the resolution, 

14    please notify the desk.

15                 Senator Kennedy.

16                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

17    please take up the reading of the calendar.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

19    Secretary will read.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 1, 

21    Senate Print 253A, by Senator Myrie, an act to 

22    amend the Election Law.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Read the 

24    last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               2830

 1    act shall take effect immediately.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

 3    roll.

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Announce 

 6    the results.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 8    Calendar Number 1, those Senators voting in the 

 9    negative are Senators Akshar, Borrello, Boyle, 

10    Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, Jordan, Lanza, 

11    Martucci, Mattera, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, 

12    Palumbo, Rath, Ritchie, Serino, Stec, Tedisco and 

13    Weik.

14                 Ayes, 42.  Nays, 20.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

16    is passed.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

18    119, Assembly Print Number 340B, by 

19    Assemblymember Zebrowski, an act to amend the 

20    Public Authorities Law.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Read the 

22    last section.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

24    act shall take effect immediately.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 


                                                               2831

 1    roll.

 2                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Announce 

 4    the results.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

 7    is passed.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    209, Senate Print 4540A, by Senator Rivera, an 

10    act to amend the Social Services Law and the 

11    Civil Practice Law and Rules.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Read the 

13    last section.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 7.  This 

15    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

16    shall have become a law.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

18    roll.

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

21    the results.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

23    Calendar 209, those Senators voting in the 

24    negative are Senators Akshar, Borrello, Boyle, 

25    Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, Jordan, Lanza, 


                                                               2832

 1    Martucci, Mattera, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, 

 2    Palumbo, Rath, Ritchie, Serino, Stec, Tedisco and 

 3    Weik.

 4                 Ayes, 42.  Nays, 20.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 8    331, Senate Print 5261B, by Senator Kennedy, an 

 9    act to amend the Business Corporation Law.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

11    last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 5.  This 

13    act shall take effect two years after it shall 

14    have become a law.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

19    the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

22    is passed.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

24    358, Senate Print 5877C, by Senator Gallivan, an 

25    act to amend the Village Law and the Public 


                                                               2833

 1    Officers Law.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

 3    last section.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

 5    act shall take effect immediately.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

 7    roll.

 8                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

10    the results.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

12    Calendar Number 358, those Senators voting in the 

13    negative are Senators Mannion, May, 

14    Reichlin-Melnick and Skoufis.

15                 Ayes, 58.  Nays, 4.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

17    is passed.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

19    361, Senate Print 7399A, by Senator Gaughran, an 

20    act to amend the General Municipal Law.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

22    last section.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

24    act shall take effect immediately.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 


                                                               2834

 1    roll.

 2                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

 4    the results.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

 7    is passed.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    395, Senate Print 6244B, by Senator Krueger, an 

10    act to amend the Labor Law.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

12    last section.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

14    act shall take effect immediately.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

19    the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

21    Calendar Number 395, those Senators voting in the 

22    negative are Senators Gallivan, Helming, Lanza 

23    and Ortt.

24                 Ayes, 58.  Nays, 4.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 


                                                               2835

 1    is passed.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 3    495, Senate Print 8149, by Senator Cleare, an act 

 4    to amend the Correction Law.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

 6    last section.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4.  This 

 8    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

 9    shall have become a law.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

11    roll.

12                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

14    the results.  

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

17    is passed.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

19    575, Senate Print 5333, by Senator Stec, 

20    Concurrent Resolution of the Senate and Assembly 

21    proposing an amendment to Section 1 of Article 14 

22    of the Constitution.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

24    question is on the resolution.  

25                 Call the roll.  


                                                               2836

 1                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

 3    the results.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

 6    is passed -- the resolution is passed.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 8    623, Senate Print 7582A, by Senator Mayer, an act 

 9    to amend the Executive Law.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

11    last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4.  This 

13    act shall take effect immediately.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

15    roll.

16                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

18    Mayer to explain her vote.

19                 SENATOR MAYER:   Thank you, 

20    Madam President.

21                 Madam President, hurricane season 

22    begins in less than a month, and we in New York 

23    have learned the hard lessons the hard way when 

24    it comes to hurricanes and flooding.  None of us 

25    will forget Hurricane Sandy, and parts of my 


                                                               2837

 1    district, and I know many of my colleagues', are 

 2    still recovering from the devastation of 

 3    Hurricane Ida in September of last year.  

 4                 The destruction, loss of life and 

 5    continued suffering are heartbreaking, but much 

 6    of it is preventable.  The fact is our building 

 7    and development standards are outdated and do not 

 8    reflect the impact of climate change on our 

 9    communities.  A significant portion of the built 

10    environment has become a liability in our defense 

11    against flooding.  Destruction of wetlands, lack 

12    of sufficient water infrastructure, vast 

13    impermeable surfaces, lack of care in land 

14    modification, and many more issues have directly 

15    resulted in increased flooding in our residential 

16    communities, many that had never seen flooding 

17    before.

18                 As we build up our communities 

19    without investing in infrastructure, we directly 

20    risk the safety of our constituents and their 

21    homes and businesses.  We need to be more 

22    prepared and change the way we build.  But we 

23    can't rely on voluntary participation by some 

24    communities and local building approval agencies, 

25    so we must force a change in our State Building 


                                                               2838

 1    Code to meet the needs of that.  

 2                 To this end, the bill does three 

 3    things.  It adds the commissioner of DEC, the 

 4    director of the Office of Emergency Management 

 5    and, most importantly, an expert in flooding 

 6    mitigation to the State Building Code Council.

 7                 Two, it requires recommendations to 

 8    the State Building Code to increase resiliency to 

 9    address rising sea levels, flooding, storms and 

10    other water-based hazards.  

11                 And most important, it requires 

12    uniform codes to address standards for 

13    construction and rehabilitation of all buildings 

14    located near or at coastlines that are wholly or 

15    partially in a special flood hazard area or a 

16    moderate-risk flood hazard area, according to 

17    FEMA.  

18                 Frankly, these changes are necessary 

19    and long overdue when it comes to reassessing our 

20    standards for building construction and 

21    maintenance.  Given the life span of buildings 

22    and the escalating threats from climate change, 

23    we can't get started too soon when it comes to 

24    updating where and how we develop and build if we 

25    want to achieve resiliency.  We've got to get 


                                                               2839

 1    better, and this bill is a huge step forward to 

 2    making that happen.

 3                 Thank you.  I vote aye.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 5    Mayer to be recorded in the affirmative.

 6                 Announce the results.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

 9    is passed.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

11    733, Senate Print 1093A, by Senator Gaughran, an 

12    act to amend the Environmental Conservation Law.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

14    last section.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

16    act shall take effect immediately.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

18    roll.

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

21    the results.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

23    Calendar 733, those Senators voting in the 

24    negative are Senators Biaggi, Boyle and Brisport.

25                 Ayes, 59.  Nays, 3.


                                                               2840

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

 2    is passed.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 4    777, Senate Print 2991, by Senator Harckham, an 

 5    act in relation to authorizing the Town Board of 

 6    the Town of Lewisboro, County of Westchester, to 

 7    establish certain speed limits.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 

 9    a home-rule message at the desk.

10                 Read the last section.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

12    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

13    shall have become a law.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

15    roll.

16                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Announce 

18    the results.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

20    Calendar Number 777, voting in the negative:  

21    Senator Lanza.

22                 Ayes, 61.  Nays, 1.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

24    is passed.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Oh, excuse me.  I'm 


                                                               2841

 1    sorry.  Senators Lanza and Skoufis.

 2                 Ayes, 60.  Nays, 2.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

 4    is still passed.  

 5                 (Laughter.)

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 7    778, Senate Print 6893, by Senator Liu, an act to 

 8    amend Chapter 602 of the Laws of 1980.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Read the 

10    last section.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

12    act shall take effect immediately.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

14    roll.

15                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Announce 

17    the results.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

20    is passed.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

22    784, Senate Print 1379, by Senator Brooks, an act 

23    to amend the General Municipal Law.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Read the 

25    last section.


                                                               2842

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 9.  This 

 2    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

 3    shall have become a law.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

 5    roll.

 6                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Announce 

 8    the results.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

10    Calendar Number 784, voting in the negative:  

11    Senator Krueger.

12                 Ayes, 61.  Nays, 1.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

14    is passed.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    785, Senate Print 5091, by Senator Kennedy, an 

17    act to amend the General Municipal Law.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Read the 

19    last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

21    act shall take effect immediately.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Announce 


                                                               2843

 1    the results.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 3    Calendar 785, those Senators voting in the 

 4    negative are Senators May and Ryan.

 5                 Ayes, 60.  Nays, 2.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

 7    is passed.

 8                 Senator Kennedy, that completes the 

 9    reading of today's calendar.

10                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Thank you, 

11    Madam President.  

12                 Please go to the reading of the 

13    supplemental calendar.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

15    Secretary will read.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

17    930, Senate Print 8947, by Senator Gounardes, an 

18    act to amend Part RR of Chapter 59 of the Laws of 

19    2022.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Read the 

21    last section.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

23    act shall take effect immediately.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

25    roll.


                                                               2844

 1                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Announce 

 3    the results.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 8    931, Senate Print 8948, by Senator Gounardes, an 

 9    act to amend subpart A of Part MM of Chapter 59 

10    of the Laws of 2022.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Read the 

12    last section.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

14    act shall take effect immediately.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Announce 

19    the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

22    is passed.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

24    932, Senate Print 8949, by Senator Krueger, an 

25    act to amend the Election Law.


                                                               2845

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

 3    is laid aside.

 4                 Senator Kennedy, that completes the 

 5    reading of today's supplemental calendar.

 6                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Thank you, 

 7    Madam President.  

 8                 Can we now go to the reading of the 

 9    controversial calendar.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

11    Secretary will ring the bell.

12                 The Secretary will read.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

14    932, Senate Print 8949, by Senator Krueger, an 

15    act to amend the Election Law.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

17    Lanza, why do you rise?

18                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, I 

19    believe there's an amendment at the desk.  I 

20    waive the reading of that amendment and ask that 

21    you recognize Senator Griffo to be heard.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

23    Senator Lanza.  

24                 Upon review of the amendment, in 

25    accordance with Rule 6, Section 4B, I rule it 


                                                               2846

 1    nongermane and out of order at this time.

 2                 SENATOR LANZA:   Accordingly, Madam 

 3    President, I appeal the ruling of the chair and 

 4    ask that you recognize Senator Griffo.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The appeal 

 6    has been made and recognized, and Senator Griffo 

 7    may be heard.

 8                 SENATOR GRIFFO:   Thank you, 

 9    Madam Chair.  

10                 I do believe that the amendment 

11    before the desk is both germane and relevant, as 

12    it deals with the very impetus and the haste in 

13    which we are dealing upon the bill-in-chief that 

14    will be before us shortly.

15                 Unfortunately, this is not an 

16    unusual circumstance that we are experiencing in 

17    this state.  In fact, since the time the sponsor 

18    has been in the Senate, we have seen five 

19    governors in office in the last 16 years.  And 

20    for the second time just this year alone, we are 

21    seeing a vacancy that is looking to be filled in 

22    the second-highest office of the State of 

23    New York.  

24                 The people of the state deserve 

25    better.  And as a result of all of us being 


                                                               2847

 1    representatives of the people, I think it is 

 2    incumbent that we present ourselves in this 

 3    process.  So the amendment before us basically 

 4    reflects the 25th Amendment of the U.S. 

 5    Constitution, Section 2, Article 25, which 

 6    indicates that in a vacancy such as the office of 

 7    Lieutenant Governor, the Governor may appoint -- 

 8    within 30 days that appointment is to be made, 

 9    and then subject to a confirmation of a joint 

10    session of the Legislature, where both the Senate 

11    and the Assembly would convene and have an 

12    opportunity as representatives of the people to 

13    have a say in who will become just a heartbeat 

14    away from running the State of New York.

15                 So I think this amendment is very 

16    germane right now.  As we know, press accounts 

17    have indicated from the current occupant that 

18    this was one of the most important and decisive 

19    and significant decisions that would be made 

20    early on in the governorship.  And we know now 

21    that the bad behavior, criminal activity, is a 

22    troubling and disappointing trend that has 

23    occurred as we try to serve the people of this 

24    state and to face the many challenging issues 

25    that confront this state.


                                                               2848

 1                 So the filling of a vacancy in this 

 2    office, by allowing for the Legislature to be 

 3    engaged and to have an opportunity to ensure that 

 4    the vetting process is done differently and 

 5    better, hopefully, so as voices of the people we 

 6    have a say.  And again, it has worked in the 

 7    United States as part of the 25th Amendment.

 8                 So I offer this amendment today to 

 9    make this change so that we can position the 

10    people's representatives in this process to 

11    ensure that we try to prevent this type of 

12    situation again from arising.

13                 And again, unfortunately, it's very 

14    frustrating because this is not an unusual 

15    occurrence.  It's happened all too often.

16                 So for that reason, I believe this 

17    amendment is germane and would appreciate the 

18    consideration of my colleagues in saying let's 

19    change this, let's reform this, and let's get it 

20    right.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

22    Senator Griffo.  

23                 I want to remind the house that the 

24    vote is on the procedures of the house and the 

25    ruling of the chair.  


                                                               2849

 1                 Those in favor of overruling the 

 2    chair, signify by saying aye.

 3                 SENATOR LANZA:   Request a show of 

 4    hands.

 5                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Without 

 6    objection, Madam President, please waive the 

 7    showing of hands and record each member of the 

 8    Minority in the affirmative.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Without 

10    objection, so ordered.

11                 Announce the results.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 20.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The ruling 

14    of the chair stands, and the bill-in-chief is 

15    before the house.

16                 Senator Rath, why do you rise?  

17                 SENATOR RATH:   Thank you, 

18    Madam President.  Will the sponsor yield for some 

19    questions?  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

21    Krueger, do you yield?  

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   My pleasure, 

23    Madam President.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

25    Senator yields.


                                                               2850

 1                 SENATOR RATH:   Thank you.  

 2                 Good to see you, Senator Krueger.

 3                 My first question is, can the 

 4    sponsor please explain to this legislative body 

 5    why this bill is necessary?  

 6                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   We find ourselves 

 7    in a situation that I suspect most of us hadn't 

 8    thought about a lot beforehand.  Because I think 

 9    if we had thought about it more beforehand, we 

10    would have changed the law quite a while ago.

11                 So the fact is if a candidate has 

12    been indicted on corruption charges and has 

13    resigned their office but they're still on the 

14    ballot because none of this had happened before 

15    petitioning, and so they want to get off the 

16    ballot -- they can't, under our law.

17                 And yet it seems almost 

18    inconceivable that most voters would actually 

19    want to vote for someone who they know is facing 

20    an indictment charge and doesn't want to serve in 

21    the office.  So all we're doing is we're adding a 

22    section to existing law allowing a different 

23    reason from the ones that exist now, an 

24    additional reason for someone to decline being on 

25    the ballot.  


                                                               2851

 1                 And it seems to me that most voters 

 2    would think it's common sense to let someone who 

 3    doesn't want to be on the ballot, probably isn't 

 4    going to be in a position to serve because 

 5    they're facing an indictment charge, to be able 

 6    to get off the ballot.  And that's what this bill 

 7    does.

 8                 SENATOR RATH:   Will the sponsor 

 9    continue to yield? 

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

11    Krueger, do you continue to yield?  

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

14    Senator yields.

15                 SENATOR RATH:   When was this bill 

16    introduced?  

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Friday?  Friday.

18                 SENATOR RATH:   Friday.  Okay.  

19                 Will the sponsor continue to yield?  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

21    continue to yield?  

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR RATH:   Simple next 


                                                               2852

 1    question.  Did the Governor request the 

 2    Legislature pass this bill.

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.  This is a 

 4    Governor's program bill.

 5                 SENATOR RATH:   Okay, thank you.  

 6                 Will the sponsor continue to yield?

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 8    continue to yield, Senator Krueger?  

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I do.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

11    Senator yields.  

12                 SENATOR RATH:   Why now?  In other 

13    words, what makes the current situation such a 

14    priority when candidates in the past have not 

15    been privy to the same legal escape hatch?

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   So I was just 

17    asking my counsel if there were another parallel, 

18    and they mentioned Chris Collins.  He was 

19    indicted while running again for Congress.  But 

20    no one asked us to make that law change at the 

21    time, and so we didn't.  

22                 Because this would apply to anyone 

23    on the ballots in the State of New York, not just 

24    the Lieutenant Governor, which happens to be the 

25    storyline right now.


                                                               2853

 1                 SENATOR RATH:   Will the sponsor 

 2    continue to yield? 

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 4    continue to yield?  

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR RATH:   There are many 

 9    similar examples.

10                 Is it fair to say that this bill is 

11    being introduced because a current candidate on 

12    the Democrat line is under indictment?

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I don't think I 

14    heard the final sentence.

15                 SENATOR RATH:   All right, I'll 

16    rephrase it.

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.

18                 SENATOR RATH:   Is it fair to say 

19    that this bill is being introduced because a 

20    current candidate on the Democrat line is under 

21    indictment?

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, that is 

23    actually the category within this bill:  Someone 

24    is indicted but on the ballot.

25                 So we are attempting to give that 


                                                               2854

 1    person, whoever it might be at any point in 

 2    history in the future, the opportunity -- hmm, 

 3    history in the future.  Let me think about that.  

 4    That probably wasn't correct -- anyone in the 

 5    future the ability to resign being a candidate on 

 6    the ballot if they are in fact under indictment.

 7                 SENATOR RATH:   Will the sponsor 

 8    continue to yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

10    continue to yield?  

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I do.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR RATH:   In the future or in 

15    the past.

16                 As political optics are, I think, an 

17    issue here which benefits only one single 

18    candidate in New York State, is this an 

19    appropriate reason to be passing legislation in 

20    this State Legislature, political optics?

21                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I don't know that 

22    it actually does particularly advantage any 

23    candidate, other than giving the opportunity to 

24    the one candidate under indictment to remove 

25    themselves from the ballot.


                                                               2855

 1                 The fact is there will still be 

 2    multiple candidates running for Lieutenant 

 3    Governor, both in the primary and of course in 

 4    the general in November.

 5                 SENATOR RATH:   Will the sponsor 

 6    continue to yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 8    continue to yield?  

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

11    Senator yields.

12                 SENATOR RATH:   Does this bill allow 

13    for the resulting Lieutenant Governor vacancy to 

14    be filled?

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Current law 

16    allows that.  This bill is silent on that 

17    question.

18                 SENATOR RATH:   Will the sponsor 

19    continue to yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

21    continue to yield?  

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR RATH:   With that, what is 


                                                               2856

 1    the process for filling this vacancy?  

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   The current law 

 3    allows the Governor to replace a Lieutenant 

 4    Governor if there is an opening.  That's in fact 

 5    how we got the Lieutenant Governor under David 

 6    Paterson, when he named Dick Ravitch to be his 

 7    Lieutenant Governor, and it in fact is how we 

 8    ended up with Brian Benjamin as Lieutenant 

 9    Governor when Kathy Hochul came in as -- removed 

10    from Lieutenant Governor to Governor, and then 

11    named him Lieutenant Governor.

12                 SENATOR RATH:   Will the sponsor 

13    continue to yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

15    continue to yield?  

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I'm sorry, yes, I 

17    do.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

19    Senator yields.

20                 SENATOR RATH:   It's indicated in 

21    the bill memo that this legislation is a solution 

22    to a process that would deprive voters of a, 

23    quote, fair choice.  However, the same 

24    legislation allows for a unilateral party 

25    nomination, a process that opens the door to 


                                                               2857

 1    little if any voter input.

 2                 Can the sponsor elaborate on how 

 3    this proposed process is more fair to the voters 

 4    of the State of New York?  

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   So this bill is 

 6    silent on the question of how there is a 

 7    replacement of people who decline once they 

 8    petition.  But we have existing law.  And that 

 9    existing law would continue in operation.

10                 So if you have declined to be on the 

11    ballot once you've petitioned, there's a 

12    Committee on Vacancies, and the Committee on 

13    Vacancies can choose a replacement candidate.  

14                 So that will remain the law as is 

15    the law.  This bill doesn't change that.

16                 SENATOR RATH:   Will the sponsor 

17    continue to yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

19    continue to yield?  

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

22    Senator yields.

23                 SENATOR RATH:   If other candidates 

24    still remain on the ballot, can you please 

25    explain why should their qualifications be 


                                                               2858

 1    further diluted due to another campaign's 

 2    incompetence?  

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I think I 

 4    understand the question.  But I don't quite 

 5    understand why one person's personal failings and 

 6    problems and legal problems would dilute the 

 7    qualifications of other people running for 

 8    office.

 9                 SENATOR RATH:   Will the sponsor 

10    continue to yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

12    continue to yield?  

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I do.

14                 THE WITNESS:  The Senator yields.

15                 SENATOR RATH:   That question is 

16    basically directed at the fact that other people 

17    have gone through the process and they haven't 

18    broken the law, or they're not under indictment.  

19    So their adherence to the process has sort of 

20    weakened or lessened or become less appropriate 

21    because of this scenario.   That's the nature of 

22    that question.  But I'll move on.

23                 Customarily candidates for statewide 

24    office are held to a rigorous vetting standard, 

25    guaranteeing voters of their propriety and 


                                                               2859

 1    character.  Is it fair to say that this 

 2    legislation incentivizes a lazier vetting 

 3    process?

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, 

 5    Madam President, I do not see how this 

 6    incentivizes a weaker vetting process.

 7                 I don't know any of us who would 

 8    imagine we would wish to be in the situation 

 9    Governor Hochul finds herself in where she took 

10    office, named a Lieutenant Governor, asked him to 

11    continue to run next term with her, and then 

12    discovered that he was being indicted.

13                 I don't know any of us who would 

14    wish for that for ourselves in our careers or for 

15    our friends in politics.  This is a painful and 

16    difficult storyline, and I certainly don't think 

17    anybody would take this bill and translate that 

18    into it's some opportunity to have weaker 

19    candidates or weaker vetting of candidates.

20                 SENATOR RATH:   Does the sponsor 

21    continue to yield.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

23    continue to yield?

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I do.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 


                                                               2860

 1    Senator yields.

 2                 SENATOR RATH:   With less incentive 

 3    to guarantee a candidate meets certain ethical 

 4    qualifications, doesn't this bill simply give 

 5    irresponsible and incompetent campaigns an easy 

 6    way out?

 7                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, I don't think there's anything 

 9    easy about this story at all for candidates 

10    affiliated with Mr. Benjamin.

11                 I think that this is a black eye for 

12    all of us in politics, probably more so the 

13    Democratic Party than the Republican Party this 

14    time around, although we've all lived through 

15    this in both of our parties quite a few times 

16    within this chamber.

17                 But no, I do not think the public 

18    thinks having an indicted person on their ballot 

19    somehow strengthens either their rights or the 

20    democratic -- small D -- process in this state.

21                 SENATOR RATH:   Will the sponsor 

22    continue to yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

24    continue to yield?  

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Absolutely.


                                                               2861

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR RATH:   Thank you, 

 4    Senator Krueger.  This is my last question.  

 5                 Does the sponsor believe that 

 6    candidates should be held to the highest degree 

 7    of responsibility for their decisions?

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

 9                 SENATOR RATH:   Thank you.

10                 Madam President, on the bill.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

12    Rath on the bill.

13                 SENATOR RATH:   First of all, this 

14    is a major change to Election Law.  And as such, 

15    I am extremely disappointed that this change to 

16    Election Law is not going through the proper 

17    process of the Elections Committee, of which I 

18    rank.  I think it should go through that process 

19    because this is a sweeping change to the 

20    Election Law.

21                 The bill before us is not a 

22    commonsense solution nor a vital mechanism for 

23    election integrity.  In fact, it is the exact 

24    opposite.  The bill before us is a political 

25    solution to a political problem faced by only one 


                                                               2862

 1    candidate in the entire State of New York.  The 

 2    Governor has asked this body to clean up a mess 

 3    fomented by her own failed processes.  

 4                 New Yorkers deserve better.  At the 

 5    very least, they deserve a transparent and an 

 6    open and honest process, which they're not seeing 

 7    here today.  They deserve officials and leaders 

 8    who go to every length to ensure that they meet 

 9    the highest ethical standards and qualifications 

10    that befit public office.

11                 Instead, the Governor would rather 

12    change the rules with blind faith that she may 

13    get it right the next time around.

14                 I believe that the voters in this 

15    great state deserve better, and I hope that my 

16    colleagues throughout this chamber share my same 

17    belief.  For these reasons, I will be voting no, 

18    and I urge my colleagues to do the same.

19                 Thank you, Madam President.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

21    Senator Rath.

22                 Senator Lanza.

23                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, 

24    would the sponsor yield for a few questions?  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 


                                                               2863

 1    Krueger, will you yield?  

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Happily.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes, the 

 4    Senator yields.

 5                 SENATOR LANZA:   Thank you to the 

 6    sponsor.  And thank you, Madam President.  

 7    Through you.

 8                 If this legislation becomes law, 

 9    would it require that a sitting Governor who is 

10    indicted resign from office?

11                 (Pause.)

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I'm sorry, we're 

13    just clarifying.  I believe the question was 

14    about resigning a seat.  And the answer is this 

15    bill is not about resigning your position, this 

16    bill is about declining a ballot position once 

17    you've petitioned.

18                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, 

19    will the sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes, the 

22    Senator yields.  

23                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

24    Madam President, I'll pose the question a 

25    different way.  


                                                               2864

 1                 Would this legislation require that 

 2    if a sitting Governor were indicted that they 

 3    would be removed from office?

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, I don't believe the indictment 

 6    triggers a removal from office.

 7                 Through you, Madam President, if I 

 8    could just clarify with Senator Lanza.  Is he 

 9    talking about the Governor who is currently a 

10    candidate as well -- or is he asking about the 

11    candidacy role or the actual being-the-Governor 

12    role?

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   If the sponsor 

14    yields, Madam President.  

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I was actually 

16    asking for a clarification, yes.

17                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

18    Madam President.  What I'm asking is whether or 

19    not this legislation -- or is there any law, for 

20    that matter, that would require a sitting 

21    Governor, whether in a campaign year or not, to 

22    be removed from office if he or she is indicted?

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, there is no 

24    such law for any of us in elected office.  We 

25    actually have to be found guilty of a felony.


                                                               2865

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, 

 2    would the sponsor yield?  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 4    Krueger, do you continue to yield?

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    Senator yields.  

 8                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President.  So why is it more important to 

10    remove a candidate for office from the ballot if 

11    that person is indicted than it is to remove a 

12    sitting Governor from office if that person is 

13    indicted?  

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  I believe that the issue is 

16    that the people who are running for office, if 

17    they are in fact found to be charged through an 

18    indictment, are not in a position where they 

19    should be attempting to get into office.

20                 Which is a different situation than 

21    you're in office, you are accused of something, 

22    and you could resign -- we could find quite a few 

23    people from our own chamber who found themselves 

24    in those storylines and did choose to resign 

25    pre-being found guilty.


                                                               2866

 1                 But I believe that it is not just 

 2    the law of this state but fairly standard law to 

 3    recognize that until people are found guilty, 

 4    they are not removed from elected office.

 5                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

 6    yield?

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 8    continue to yield?  

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 In your conversation with Senator 

15    Rath you said that it is inconceivable that 

16    voters would want to vote for a Lieutenant 

17    Governor candidate who is indicted.  Shouldn't 

18    ultimately that question still reside with the 

19    voters?

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   If the candidate 

21    chooses to stay on the ballot, even if this bill 

22    becomes law, they can do so.

23                 So we are not removing the candidate 

24    from the ballot, we are giving them the option to 

25    remove themselves.


                                                               2867

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

 2    yield?

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Were you 

 4    finished, Senator Krueger?

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, that's fine.  

 6    Yes.

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   Oh, I'm sorry, I 

 8    apologize.

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   That's okay.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

11    yield?  

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I do yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

14    Senator continues to yield.

15                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

16    Madam President.  Could the sponsor tell us how 

17    many registered Democrats are currently on the 

18    ballot for Lieutenant Governor?  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   There are 

20    currently three.

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

22    yield?  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

24    continue to yield?  

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.


                                                               2868

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.  What is the process in 

 5    New York, generally speaking, which allowed those 

 6    three candidates to be on the ballot?

 7                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   You can petition 

 8    your way onto the ballot, or you can -- if it's a 

 9    statewide election, you can be chosen by the 

10    convention of your party with enough support by 

11    the delegates to skip the petitioning process and 

12    be placed on the ballot.

13                 So one was chosen that way, and the 

14    other two were chosen by petitioning.

15                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

16    yield? 

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

18    continue to yield?  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

23    Madam President.

24                 So let's talk about the two 

25    Democrats who are currently on the ballot for 


                                                               2869

 1    Lieutenant Governor.  They are there, as you 

 2    said, because registered Democrats in the State 

 3    of New York signed a petition expressing their 

 4    willingness and their desire to place those 

 5    candidates on the ballot.  

 6                 If this becomes law, isn't it true 

 7    that there is quite conceivably going to be a 

 8    Democrat on the ballot for Lieutenant Governor 

 9    that not a single New Yorker signed a single 

10    petition for?  

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.  As there 

12    are people on the ballot now for Comptroller, 

13    Attorney General, Governor, and Lieutenant 

14    Governor who all fall into that same storyline.

15                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

16    yield?  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

18    continue to yield?  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    Senator will yield.

22                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

23    Madam President.  Why should someone have this 

24    fast-track-around-the-people access to the ballot 

25    that those two Democrats who are currently 


                                                               2870

 1    running for Lieutenant Governor did not enjoy?

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Because under the 

 3    party rules that have been operating in this 

 4    state for whatever amount of time that they have.

 5                 And it's an interesting question 

 6    whether whoever might be named by a Committee on 

 7    Vacancies thinks that this is such a lucky 

 8    opportunity for them.  I would think that an 

 9    equal concern for them would be they are coming 

10    in late in the game, they've had no opportunity 

11    to sell themselves to voters whenever we have 

12    that primary -- always an interesting question in 

13    this state.

14                 So that I actually think you could 

15    make a good case for the different third 

16    candidate that might appear after we pass this 

17    bill and other actions take place, that they're 

18    actually at a disadvantage compared to people who 

19    have been out there campaigning for many months 

20    already.

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

22    yield?

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

24    continue to yield?  

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I do.


                                                               2871

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.

 5                 Is it the sponsor's understanding 

 6    that if this becomes law, that not only will 

 7    there be another candidate for Lieutenant 

 8    Governor on the ballot but there will also be a 

 9    new Lieutenant Governor?

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   This law doesn't 

11    address either question.  But current law does 

12    allow a Committee on Vacancies to replace Brian 

13    Benjamin if he chooses to remove himself if this 

14    becomes law.  So then there would be a Committee 

15    on Vacancies naming a new candidate.

16                 Completely separate from this 

17    process is the question of -- we don't have a 

18    Lieutenant Governor in New York State right now.  

19    Well, I guess we do have Andrea Stewart-Cousins, 

20    technically.  But we don't have a full-time 

21    Lieutenant Governor.  And therefore the Governor 

22    has the authority under law, having nothing to do 

23    with the bill before us, that would allow her to 

24    choose a new Lieutenant Governor for the 

25    remainder of her term through the end of 2022.


                                                               2872

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

 2    yield?

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 4    continue to yield?  

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    Senator yields.

 8                 SENATOR LANZA:   Can the sponsor 

 9    tell us, why is the position of Lieutenant 

10    Governor necessary?  Do we need one?  

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   It is in the 

12    Constitution.  There are different reasons why we 

13    lose Governors.  I've actually been here for a 

14    couple of those.

15                 So I think in general most people 

16    think it is a rational process to have someone to 

17    serve in the position of Governor if for some 

18    reason your existing Governor can no longer 

19    continue to serve.

20                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

21    yield?

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

23    continue to yield?  

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I do.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 


                                                               2873

 1    Krueger yields.

 2                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President, I agree that is the most 

 4    important reason and justification for the need 

 5    of a Lieutenant Governor.

 6                 It's my understanding also that if, 

 7    God forbid, something were to happen to any 

 8    sitting Governor, that the Majority Leader of the 

 9    Senate would become the Lieutenant Governor.  As 

10    a result, is that not satisfactory to the 

11    Democrats in this chamber?  

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Well, I did 

13    mention that fact a minute ago, that probably 

14    most people in this chamber -- I would hazard to 

15    guess even some of my Republican colleagues -- 

16    wouldn't think it was a terrible thing for Andrea 

17    Stewart-Cousins to step in as the Governor if 

18    needed to do so.  We've even asked her, and she's 

19    said no, thank you.

20                 But the fact is we really think we 

21    need a Majority Leader as well.  We need somebody 

22    running the Senate.  We need somebody being the 

23    Governor.  And it's probably unrealistically 

24    demanding to do both things on an ongoing basis.

25                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 


                                                               2874

 1    yield?

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 3    continue to yield?  

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Of course.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 6    Senator yields.

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, Madam 

 8    President.  First let me say that guess is not -- 

 9    it would not be so hazardous, I would tend to 

10    agree with the sentiment there.

11                 Is it the sponsor's belief that an 

12    indictment is akin to guilt?

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, an indictment 

14    is not guilt.  You are not guilty until found 

15    guilty in a court of law.

16                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

17    yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

19    continue to yield?

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

24    Madam President.  So to extrapolate from that 

25    answer, I am assuming the sponsor does not -- is 


                                                               2875

 1    not suggesting nor is anyone on the left 

 2    suggesting that the Lieutenant Governor's guilty 

 3    of any crime at this point.

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Correct.  We know 

 5    that he's been indicted.  We do not know if he's 

 6    guilty.  That is up to different people in a 

 7    different place.

 8                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

 9    yield?

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I'm sorry.  

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

12    Krueger yields, yes.

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, of course.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  So given the incredible system 

16    of safeguards for the arrested and accused 

17    embodied in the United States Constitution, which 

18    means that in America you are innocent until 

19    proven guilty, why is it necessary here in 

20    New York that the Lieutenant Governor, who at 

21    this point is merely being accused of a crime, be 

22    removed from the ballot?

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

24    Madam President, the gentleman dealing with all 

25    of these issues requested to be -- to step down 


                                                               2876

 1    as Lieutenant Governor so that he could focus his 

 2    time and energy on his defense.  

 3                 And I believe that it will be the 

 4    same answer if we pass this bill, that he would 

 5    like to step down from the ballot because he does 

 6    not wish to run for office at this time.

 7                 It will be up to him.  So this act, 

 8    this bill has nothing to do with whether he is 

 9    ever found guilty or not in any court of law.  

10    But it's consistent, I believe, with the actions 

11    he's already taken that we pass a bill permitting 

12    him this option.

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

14    yield?

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

16    yield?  

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

19    Senator yields.

20                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, Madam 

21    President, I'm little confused.  Was it the 

22    Lieutenant Governor or the Governor that 

23    requested this legislation?  

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Well, there is no 

25    Lieutenant Governor to request legislation.  And 


                                                               2877

 1    they don't have the power to ask for program 

 2    bills.

 3                 The Governor asked us to consider 

 4    this as a program bill, and I believe both houses 

 5    are taking up this bill today.

 6                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

 7    yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 9    yield?

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    Senator yields.

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   I'll rephrase the 

14    question.  Was it Lieutenant Governor Benjamin or 

15    Senator Benjamin or Mr. Benjamin that requested 

16    that this legislation be put on the floor here, 

17    or was it the Governor, Governor Hochul, who has 

18    pushed for this legislation?

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   It was Governor 

20    Hochul who asked us to take up this program bill.

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, on 

22    the bill.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

24    Lanza on the bill.

25                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, 


                                                               2878

 1    this is what people hate about politics and some 

 2    politicians.  No one is being fooled, either here 

 3    on the floor, throughout this Capitol, or 

 4    anywhere in New York or America with respect to 

 5    what the reason is for this legislation being put 

 6    before us on the floor.

 7                 It is Governor Hochul who 

 8    desperately wants this to be law.  It is 

 9    Governor Hochul who wants Mr. Benjamin to be 

10    removed from the ballot.  It is Governor Hochul 

11    who wants to select a new candidate for 

12    Lieutenant Governor.  It is Governor Hochul who 

13    needs this legislation -- not for the sake of the 

14    people, but for the sake of Governor Hochul's 

15    political aspirations, desires, and future.

16                 No one is fooled that there's any 

17    other reason for this legislation being here.  If 

18    this was such a good idea, why not last year, why 

19    not the year before, why not the year before 

20    that?  This is not the first scandal here in 

21    New York.  This is not the first time we've had 

22    to replace a Lieutenant Governor or a Governor, 

23    and unfortunately the list goes on.

24                 This legislation is before the house 

25    here and now because Governor Hochul is worried 


                                                               2879

 1    about one thing, getting elected.  Governor 

 2    Hochul wants to select a candidate not that the 

 3    people have chosen, not that the Democrat voters 

 4    have chosen -- she wants to select a candidate 

 5    that helps her get elected, period.  We all know 

 6    it.  The editorials know it.  The people know it.  

 7    The voters know it.  Governor Hochul knows it.

 8                 That's what this is about.  And this 

 9    is a trend.  This is a trend, unfortunately, here 

10    in New York where politicians put themselves 

11    above the voters.  We've watched for the last 

12    several years.  That is the trend:  Policies that 

13    have nothing to do with good policy in the best 

14    interests of the people of New York, but policies 

15    that serve the best interests of the politicians 

16    who put them forward.

17                 We saw it with the mandates and we 

18    see it with the mandates relating to COVID.  

19    Adults can run around without masks.  If you're a 

20    12-year-old student in public school, you don't 

21    need a mask.  That's what the science says, 

22    according to the Health Department of the State 

23    of New York, the chancellors, the Governor.  But 

24    if you're five years old, you need a mask.

25                 Is that science or is that politics?  


                                                               2880

 1    That's politics.  We all know it.  Everyone knows 

 2    it.

 3                 Bail reform.  It's a trend, 

 4    Madam President, from this Governor.  Her first, 

 5    the people second, third, fourth and last.  Bail 

 6    reform.  I saw the Governor speak about bail 

 7    reform at a news conference one day, and she 

 8    supported the bail reform.  She said it was 

 9    necessary because the original system of cash 

10    bail in New York was racially motivated.  

11                 That's a serious accusation about a 

12    system.  And if it's true, and if she believed it 

13    were true, then you should never go back even one 

14    step, one inch, to a system that was racially 

15    motivated.  That -- those were her words, not 

16    mine.  She said we need it to stay there, we 

17    could not change the bail reform that was put 

18    into place.

19                 She even said, and I watched her 

20    say, that the problem with the old system was 

21    that if you stole a backpack, you could end up in 

22    jail for three years before you even see trial.  

23    Now, I was a prosecutor in the Manhattan district 

24    attorney's office for a number of years.  That is 

25    just false.  It wasn't true.  It wasn't even 


                                                               2881

 1    close to being true.  

 2                 Find me the case, I asked, while 

 3    there was a discussion about bail reform before 

 4    it happened.  Find me the cases, I want to see 

 5    them.  She said that's what she believed, though.

 6                 And then all of a sudden there was a 

 7    political poll, and three days later she said, 

 8    You know, we've got to change that bail reform.  

 9    She wanted to go back to a system she claimed was 

10    racist, and she did it.  She flexed her muscles, 

11    she forced the two houses of the Legislature here 

12    in Albany to submit to her whim.

13                 Why?  Once again, just like today, 

14    because she thought she had to do that to better 

15    her chances to be elected as Governor.  It's a 

16    trend.

17                 The district lines after 

18    reapportionment, she said they were great, they 

19    were constitutional, they were fair.  That's what 

20    New York needed.  The Court of Appeals said:  Not 

21    so fast.  Not so fast, Governor.  We know why you 

22    like them.  You like them because you think 

23    they're going to help you get elected.

24                 People are sick of this.  They 

25    really are.  You have some candidates from the 


                                                               2882

 1    Democratic side of the aisle who are on the 

 2    ballot.  How did they get there?  The 

 3    old-fashioned way.  They went to their neighbors, 

 4    and they said, Hey, sign a petition, I'd like to 

 5    run for Lieutenant Governor.  And people in their 

 6    communities said okay.  

 7                 I know one of them, Councilwoman 

 8    Reyna.  I served with her in the City Council.  

 9    You won't find a better person.  Not good enough 

10    for Governor Hochul.  You know why?  She's 

11    sitting around with a bunch of political 

12    strategists, and they're probably telling her:  

13    No, Ms. Reyna's not good enough to get you 

14    elected.  We need to really get in the soup here.  

15    We need to get someone that checks this box, that 

16    box and the other box.

17                 Not the "this is good for New York" 

18    box, because that never matters around here.  No, 

19    this is good for the "Governor Hochul getting 

20    elected" box.  That's all we care about.

21                 And she convinced the Legislature to 

22    put this bill on the floor.  This is legislation 

23    not for the people, but the politicians.  That's 

24    what this is about.  This is the Legislature 

25    joining the campaign of a candidate for Governor.  


                                                               2883

 1    It's like being on the team.  You know how that 

 2    works.  You're in a room with your team.  You 

 3    say, Hey, team, what do I need to do to get 

 4    elected?  Well, we need to go speak to that 

 5    group, this group, get this signed, put out this 

 6    palm card.  

 7                 Oh, in this case they said:  And 

 8    after all that, we need a different candidate for 

 9    Lieutenant Governor.  That's what you need.  

10    That's what the pundits, the consultants, all 

11    these high-paid political strategists, I'm sure 

12    that's what they've told Governor Hochul.  You're 

13    in trouble, Governor.  The people are fed up -- 

14    high crime, jobs running from the state, mandates 

15    that aren't saving anybody's lives.  You're in 

16    trouble, Governor Hochul.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

18    Krueger, why do you --

19                 SENATOR LANZA:   I know what you 

20    should do --

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Why do you 

22    rise, Senator Krueger?  

23                 SENATOR LANZA:   -- you should get 

24    rid of Lieutenant Governor Benjamin from the 

25    ballot so you can hand-pick somebody that's going 


                                                               2884

 1    to help -- 

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:  Senator 

 3    Lanza.  Senator Lanza, Senator Krueger has risen, 

 4    she is the sponsor.

 5                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

 6    recognize Senator Krueger.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 8    Krueger, why do you rise?

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I would like to 

10    ask Senator Lanza a couple of questions, please, 

11    on this bill.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Go ahead, 

13    as the sponsor.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   No, I do not yield.  

15    I'm going to finish my point.

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Senator --

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   This is 

18    the sponsor's time, under the rules.

19                 SENATOR LANZA:   I do not yield.  

20    Based on parliamentary procedure, I do not yield 

21    at this point. 

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Madam President, 

23    I would like you to rule on whether there is 

24    anything germane about the last 10 minutes of 

25    attacks on the Governor having nothing to do with 


                                                               2885

 1    the bill in front of us.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 3    Lanza, can you promptly finish your remarks and 

 4    then let Senator Krueger, as the sponsor, ask 

 5    questions.

 6                 SENATOR LANZA:   I will finish my 

 7    remarks in the time that I am allotted to finish 

 8    my remarks.  And then I'm at the end of my 

 9    remarks, and I will decide thereafter whether or 

10    not I will yield for questions.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

12    Lanza, you have approximately a half an hour.  I 

13    understand you've used up the majority of it, so 

14    I just point that out.  

15                 When you are completed, 

16    Senator Krueger has questions she'd like to ask 

17    as the sponsor.

18                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, 

19    everyone knows what's happening here.  There's 

20    not a person who does not know what is happening 

21    here.  

22                 And this is an affront, and this is 

23    unfortunately where politics in New York has 

24    arrived.  Which is -- and this legislation says 

25    it all -- to hell with you, people of New York.  


                                                               2886

 1    To hell with what matters and what will help you.  

 2    I'm going to take care of me first and maybe -- 

 3    maybe, just maybe -- you second.

 4                 Thank you, Madam President.

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Madam President.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Excuse me.  

 7    Senator Krueger.

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.

 9                 Will the -- my colleague Senator 

10    Lanza rise for a few questions.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

12    Lanza.

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   Yes, Madam 

14    President.  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes, 

16    Senator Lanza.

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Sorry.  Thank 

18    you.  

19                 Does the Republican Party have the 

20    same primary rules about a party convention who 

21    chooses who can be the party candidate without 

22    going through the petitioning process, and then 

23    other candidates do indeed go through the 

24    petitioning process, as the Democratic Party 

25    does?  


                                                               2887

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President, I honestly don't know.  I try to 

 3    focus on being a Senator, and I leave the 

 4    politics to somebody else.

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Could the Senator 

 6    double-check with somebody next to him?  

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   No, 

 8    Madam President.

 9                 (Laughter.)

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Then I will check 

11    for him.  Yes, the two parties have the same 

12    rules.  So in fact the Republican Party follows 

13    the exact same practice as the Democratic Party.  

14                 Through you, if the spons -- excuse 

15    me, I'm the sponsor.  

16                 (Laughter.)

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   If the Senator 

18    would continue to yield, please.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

20    Lanza, do you yield? 

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Yes.

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   If you found 

23    yourself with your party in a similar situation 

24    where, with no one's pre-expectation, somebody 

25    who you had nominated through your party 


                                                               2888

 1    convention to be your candidate for Governor, 

 2    Lieutenant Governor, AG or Comptroller was 

 3    indicted, would you wish for them to stay on the 

 4    ballot?

 5                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, I 

 6    don't think this legislation is good for the 

 7    people.  I couldn't give a damn if it's good for 

 8    the Democrats or for the Republicans.  And so how 

 9    I would feel if this were to happen is really 

10    irrelevant.

11                 All I know is everyone knows that 

12    this bill is about helping someone get elected 

13    and not good policy for the State of New York.

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  Of course this bill is about 

16    elections.  It's about petitioning, it's about 

17    being on ballots, it's of course about elections.

18                 If my colleague would answer an 

19    additional question, please.

20                 SENATOR LANZA:   Yes, 

21    Madam President.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes, 

23    Senator Lanza does answer.

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.

25                 If through the convention process if 


                                                               2889

 1    the Republican Party had picked only one 

 2    candidate for Governor, and so there were no 

 3    others that petitioned, and after the timeline 

 4    that petitioning was over, that one candidate for 

 5    Governor was indicted and said "I don't wish to 

 6    run for Governor," would my colleague have such a 

 7    problem with this legislation?

 8                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, 

 9    if, if, if, if.  

10                 I suppose I'll answer it this way.  

11    You said how would I feel if this happened to the 

12    Republican candidate for Governor.

13                 I suppose that if I cared more about 

14    that Republican Governor getting elected than I 

15    cared about the people of the State of New York, 

16    I would probably want to do exactly what you are 

17    doing here.  

18                 But since I hope and believe that I 

19    would not care more about that political process 

20    than the people of New York, I would not be 

21    presenting or putting forward legislation like 

22    this.

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

24    Madam President, on the bill.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 


                                                               2890

 1    Krueger on the bill.

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.

 3                 I enjoyed my colleague's rant, 

 4    although I don't think most of it --

 5                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President.  

 6    Madam President --

 7                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   -- was germane to 

 8    the bill.  It was an attack on the Governor.

 9                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President -- 

10    Madam President --

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

12    Krueger has the floor.  Senator Krueger has the 

13    floor, Senator Lanza.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Really, rant?  

15    Really?

16                 (Overtalk.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

18    Krueger is entitled to speak --

19                 (Overtalk.)

20                 SENATOR LANZA:   A debate is a rant?  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

22    Lanza, Senator Krueger is speaking on the bill.  

23    You had ample opportunity.  It is her chance.

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.

25                 When we were debating, it was a 


                                                               2891

 1    worthwhile debate, no disagreement.  But then we 

 2    curved off quite a bit, so I want to bring us 

 3    back to the bill.

 4                 It's a bill that intends to give an 

 5    option to people who hopefully there will be very 

 6    few of in our lives -- sincerely.  Hopefully 

 7    we'll have very few situations where someone who 

 8    has petitioned to run for office finds themselves 

 9    indicted, not wishing to continue in the current 

10    office, not wishing to run for the office again, 

11    but unfortunately not able to get them off -- 

12    themselves off the ballot unless they die, move 

13    out of state, or are nominated for some other 

14    electoral office.

15                 I don't understand people who don't 

16    actually understand why we all would prefer that 

17    voters not have to make that kind of decision, 

18    perhaps wasting the only vote they would have.  

19    Because in this situation there are other 

20    candidates, but in a storyline where there was no 

21    primary but the exact same storyline, perhaps at 

22    the Governor level or the Attorney General level, 

23    we could find ourselves where one of two major 

24    parties' only candidate, only candidate, was an 

25    indicted person who did not wish to run for that 


                                                               2892

 1    seat.

 2                 So I think it's common sense, and 

 3    most voters will agree:  Why would they want to 

 4    put themselves in that situation?  That's not 

 5    what people's definition of democracy is.  

 6    Democracy is going to the voting booth and 

 7    picking the candidate you think is most likely to 

 8    meet your desired wishes for an elected official, 

 9    who is a stand-up person who will be able to 

10    commit a hundred percent of their time to the 

11    job.  And if they are not, of course we should 

12    let them remove themselves from the ballot and 

13    allow someone else to take an opportunity to get 

14    that seat.

15                 It's -- it's not that complicated.  

16    It somehow has snowballed into something, I don't 

17    know, like conspiracy theory.  There's no 

18    conspiracy theory here, either to cause what 

19    happened to happen, or certainly not to try to 

20    offer a resolution to a problem we find ourselves 

21    in.  

22                 It's a very short, very clear-cut 

23    bill.  And I do hope that my colleagues will vote 

24    yes today.

25                 Thank you, Madam President.


                                                               2893

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

 2    Senator Krueger.

 3                 I know there are a number of members 

 4    who wish to speak on the bill.  I would remind 

 5    you that under Rule 3A, debate shall only be in 

 6    order when it is germane to the question under 

 7    discussion, and that is the bill on the floor.

 8                 So I have next Senator Akshar on the 

 9    bill.

10                 SENATOR AKSHAR:   Madam President, 

11    thank you.  I'm on the bill.

12                 I read today, this morning, with 

13    great interest Errol Louis's piece in New York 

14    magazine.  It was about the gerrymander.  He got 

15    it right when he said that the New York Democrats 

16    have made this state a laughingstock.

17                 In February I stood right here at 

18    this desk and I spoke about the hyperpartisan 

19    gerrymandered maps being the most undemocratic 

20    and un-American bill that we had taken up in my 

21    seven years.  But today the bill we're taking up 

22    now, the one before us, is really the most 

23    outrageous thing that we have done.

24                 It's very clear to me that the 

25    message that the Legislature is sending to 


                                                               2894

 1    New Yorkers is that your government doesn't give 

 2    a tinker's damn about you.  The only thing that 

 3    New York Democrats, the Democrats that control 

 4    this statehouse, care about is about themselves.

 5                 Think about this for a moment.  Your 

 6    government isn't advancing bills to address the 

 7    mental health crisis in our schools, not 

 8    advancing bills that address the thousands of 

 9    children who can't get mental health services.  

10    We're not doing that.  The government isn't 

11    advancing bills to protect the homeless that live 

12    in our communities.  Your government isn't 

13    advancing bills to slow or stop the rampant crime 

14    crisis that is plaguing communities across our 

15    great state.  The government isn't advancing 

16    bills to address the subway system that is so 

17    dangerous no one will ride on it.  

18                 No.  Today we advance another 

19    hyper-political bill, and that bill seeks to do 

20    one thing:  To protect the political longevity of 

21    career politicians.

22                 I read the sponsor's memo, the 

23    justification section.  Understand and recognize 

24    that Senator Krueger is simply carrying the bill 

25    for the Governor.


                                                               2895

 1                 Democracy demands that voters should 

 2    be entitled to candidates who can properly assume 

 3    office.  Brian Benjamin didn't have to resign.  

 4    Hell, I don't know if he's guilty or not.  I have 

 5    no idea.  He could be acquitted for all I know.

 6                 But voters do have a choice -- 

 7    Senator Lanza said it -- former Councilwoman 

 8    Reyna.  They have a choice, they could vote for 

 9    her.  Ana Maria Archila, they could vote for her.  

10    They don't have to vote for Brian Benjamin.  And 

11    we didn't have to go through this long process of 

12    changing Election Law.  

13                 Brian Benjamin could have moved, he 

14    could have went to New Jersey.  Could have hit 

15    the GW, the Lincoln Tunnel, could have made this 

16    simple for everybody.  This is a rhetorical 

17    question, but does this Majority have no shame?

18                 Everyday, hardworking New Yorkers 

19    are smart people, incredibly smart people.  And 

20    I, just like them, are sick and tired and 

21    disgusted how this body conducts itself.  It's 

22    shameful, frankly.

23                 So here's the reality.  Today is 

24    another example in a very long line of examples 

25    of one-party rule changing the rules to suit 


                                                               2896

 1    their political needs and scrambling to paint 

 2    over their mistakes.

 3                 The reality is is that one-party 

 4    rule has been a complete disaster for 

 5    New Yorkers -- most importantly, for the 

 6    institution this chamber represents.  All the 

 7    plaster, all the whitewashing, all the paint, all 

 8    of that -- not going to fix the crumbling 

 9    foundation of lies, corruption and failure that 

10    one-party rule is built on.

11                 You can't bail out a sinking ship 

12    with a teaspoon.  And today you may think that 

13    you can rewrite the rules after you break them, 

14    but you cannot erase the record of abject failure 

15    that continues to pile up every time you choose 

16    politics over the people of this great state.  

17    And frankly, that is exactly what people hate 

18    about Albany.

19                 So again, try and rewrite the law 

20    all you want, but the stench of failure and stain 

21    of corruption isn't so easily removed.

22                 And you know what I really hope?  I 

23    hope that the voters remember that the Majority 

24    members in this house are co-conspirators to this 

25    mess in its entirety.  Errol Louis was spot-on 


                                                               2897

 1    yesterday, Madam President, when he wrote that 

 2    article that the Democrats who are in charge of 

 3    the Legislature, in charge of state government, 

 4    they have in fact made New York a laughingstock.  

 5    And they continue to do just that.  The only 

 6    thing I wish is that Errol Louis would have 

 7    waited to write that article until today.  

 8                 When it comes time, Madam President, 

 9    I'll be voting no.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

11    Borrello on the bill.

12                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.

14                 You know, despite the debate that we 

15    heard today, I don't think anybody can really be 

16    proud to be here today to have this bill in front 

17    of them.  Because quite honestly, what we're 

18    doing today is something that's completely 

19    unethical.  We're changing the rules in the 

20    middle of the process.  That's why special 

21    legislation is required.  This is not allowed.  

22                 But this is not the first time the 

23    Majority has ignored the will of the people.  In 

24    fact, that's why so many New Yorkers have lost 

25    confidence in the leadership that is here in 


                                                               2898

 1    Albany.  It's really very reminiscent of what 

 2    happened with the redistricting process.  We had 

 3    a constitutional amendment that called for 

 4    New Yorkers to have an Independent Redistricting 

 5    Commission.  And then after one-party rule took 

 6    over Albany, they decided they were going to 

 7    seize that away and sabotage the Independent 

 8    Redistricting Commission and do things the way 

 9    they wanted to -- bad decisions that ignored the 

10    will of the people.  And here we are again to do 

11    the same thing.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

13    Kennedy -- 

14                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

15    if our colleagues could please keep this 

16    conversation germane.  You had already reminded 

17    us.  There's a lot of emotions on this item.  I 

18    would ask our colleagues to keep a sense of 

19    decorum as we proceed.  Thank you.

20                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   I'm sorry, 

21    Madam President, I didn't realize I was being 

22    impolite by making this correlation.  

23                 So I'll continue.  We --  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

25    Borrello, the point that I raised earlier is that 


                                                               2899

 1    the rule requires the discussion, the debate 

 2    which you are on to be germane to the question, 

 3    which is the bill before us.

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Isn't the 

 5    question about changing the rules, 

 6    Madam President?  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   It is not 

 8    for me to decide.  The question is the bill 

 9    before the house --

10                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

11    will our colleague please, on the bill, speak on 

12    the bill.  He asked to speak on the bill.  Please 

13    keep it germane.  Thank you.  

14                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

15    I'm going to reiterate my statement earlier that 

16    this is not a proud day for this chamber, and 

17    this is another example.  

18                 We are speaking on bills.  I've 

19    listened, in my short time here, to many people 

20    talk about how one item that we vote on relates 

21    to another, and that's what exactly what I'm 

22    doing.  So I'm going to continue.

23                 The reality is is that -- I don't 

24    think most people understand it -- the Lieutenant 

25    Governor is an independent -- actually, an 


                                                               2900

 1    independent candidate.  The Lieutenant Governor 

 2    and the Governor do not have to run together.  

 3    They actually don't run together.  And there's 

 4    been several times in the past where the 

 5    Lieutenant Governor in a primary that was running 

 6    with the gubernatorial candidate did not match 

 7    up.  It's happened recently.  

 8                 In fact, it happened, believe it or 

 9    not, in 2014 when one of my colleagues, a former 

10    county executive of Chautauqua County -- which I 

11    am also a former county executive of Chautauqua 

12    County -- Greg Edwards, ran with Rick Lazio for 

13    the Republican Lieutenant Governor seat.  He won, 

14    and Rick Lazio lost.  

15                 This has happened before, too.  The 

16    people of New York have the right to choose.  And 

17    as was mentioned previously, we have other 

18    candidates for you to choose from.

19                 So instead, we're going to 

20    circumvent that process -- once again, 

21    circumventing the will of the people.  If the 

22    people choose to vote for Brian Benjamin -- who, 

23    by the way, has not been convicted of anything.  

24    Now, we sat here and talked about bail reform and 

25    the fact that we should let people out over and 


                                                               2901

 1    over and over again because they have not been 

 2    convicted of a crime.  Yet here we are not 

 3    affording that same luxury to Brian Benjamin or 

 4    anyone else in the future that falls into that 

 5    same unfortunate category.

 6                 You know, Madam President, a recent 

 7    poll showed that two out of three New Yorkers 

 8    feel this state is headed in the wrong direction.  

 9    And after today, after this bill passes and after 

10    the Majority takes their opportunity to replace 

11    someone with their hand-picked successor, I don't 

12    think that statistic is going to get any better.

13                 Thank you, Madam President.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you.

15                 Senator Boyle, why do you rise?

16                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Could I ask -- 

17    could the sponsor yield?  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I will, 

21    Madam President.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Thank you, 

25    Senator Krueger.


                                                               2902

 1                 Senator Krueger, I'd just like an 

 2    honest answer to this first question.  Do -- 

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I'm sorry, am I 

 4    known for not giving honest answers?  

 5                 (Laughter.)

 6                 SENATOR BOYLE:   I know you are.  I 

 7    just want a really honest answer.

 8                 (Laughter.)

 9                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Do you think that 

10    we would be here looking at this bill, voting on 

11    this bill if the situation was a Republican 

12    Governor and his Republican or her Republican 

13    Lieutenant Governor was the one that you wanted 

14    to get off the ballot?

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Do I think if a 

16    Republican Governor asked for this bill would it 

17    be on the floor of the Senate?  

18                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Yes.  Or would you 

19    all be snickering that it's happening to us and 

20    it's bad politics for our side?  

21                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, I think -- 

22    speaking for myself, I think that would be a 

23    reasonable thing for a sitting Governor to ask, 

24    yes, regardless of their party.

25                 SENATOR BOYLE:   For the Governor to 


                                                               2903

 1    ask.  But would you do it?  

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Well, again, I am 

 3    one person.  But yes.  

 4                 As I said before, both parties have 

 5    the same party rules for how we pick our 

 6    candidates.  So the concept that somehow we're 

 7    trying to get around the will of the people is no 

 8    different than what is the normal, everyday 

 9    process for picking candidates by both parties.  

10                 And so I don't think I would like to 

11    have an indicted candidate for Governor or 

12    Lieutenant Governor or AG or Comptroller -- 

13    regardless of their party -- end up winning.  So 

14    yes.

15                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Will the sponsor 

16    continue to yield?

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

18    continue to yield?

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR BOYLE:   I know that we 

23    throw this word "indicted" around as if it's the 

24    be-all and end-all.  We've had some members, as 

25    you said, Senator, of this body and the other 


                                                               2904

 1    body indicted and then subsequently convicted.  

 2    We've also had some that were brought up on 

 3    political charges and an indictment and then they 

 4    were quashed because judges found out and 

 5    discovered and came to their senses and 

 6    prosecutors backpedaled with charges and 

 7    indictments that were brought.  We all know that 

 8    that has occurred.  

 9                 So an indictment is not a 

10    conviction.  And as our former chief justice at 

11    the Court of Appeals said, "You can indict a ham 

12    sandwich," so that doesn't really mean much.  

13                 My question -- my second question 

14    is, how else could our current Lieutenant -- or 

15    former Lieutenant Governor, former colleague of 

16    ours, have gotten off the ballot?  Could he have 

17    moved, could he have run for another office?  I 

18    know the Election Law gives a couple other 

19    options.  Move out of state?  

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   There are three 

21    under existing law.  He could die.  I don't think 

22    that was a option he thought of as a plan.  He 

23    can move out of state, which I believe he does 

24    not want to do.  Although it could only be to 

25    selected states because he's only allowed to go 


                                                               2905

 1    to a couple of them under the agreement with the 

 2    federal government.  Or he could be nominated to 

 3    a different electoral post, which I think most 

 4    people would think is not the best plan if you're 

 5    already under indictment and have already chosen 

 6    to resign from the number-two position in 

 7    politics in our state.

 8                 Those were his choices.

 9                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Will the sponsor 

10    continue to yield?

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

12    continue to yield?

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR BOYLE:   So if our former 

17    colleague had opted to just move to Northern 

18    Virginia with his family, we would not need to be 

19    here passing this bill right now, is that 

20    correct?

21                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.  Because he 

22    would then have been able to remove himself from 

23    the ballot.

24                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Will the sponsor 

25    continue to yield?


                                                               2906

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 2    continue to yield?  

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR BOYLE:   So, Senator, you 

 7    mentioned before about the choice of a Lieutenant 

 8    Governor.  That's up to the Governor.

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   The replacement 

10    of a non-Lieutenant Governor is in fact left up 

11    to the Governor.

12                 SENATOR BOYLE:   But the candidate 

13    for Lieutenant Governor is not up to the 

14    Governor, that's up to the Committee to Fill 

15    Vacancies; correct?  

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   That is correct.

17                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Will the sponsor 

18    continue to yield?

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

20    continue to yield.

21                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

23    Senator yields.

24                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Senator, can you 

25    tell me who's on the Committee to Fill Vacancies 


                                                               2907

 1    for this position for Lieutenant Governor?

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Not without 

 3    asking someone to pull a list for me.  And they 

 4    have it for me, so how convenient.  Thank you 

 5    very much.  

 6                 So the people named on the Committee 

 7    of Vacancies are Jay Jacobs, Christine Quinn, 

 8    Crystal Peoples-Stokes, June O'Neill, Rodneyse 

 9    Bichotte, Rich Schaffer and Catalina Cruz.

10                 SENATOR BOYLE:   So will the sponsor 

11    continue to yield?  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

13    continue to yield?  

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I do.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

16    Senator yields.

17                 SENATOR BOYLE:   So it's not up to 

18    the Governor to choose her Lieutenant Governor 

19    co-candidate for November.  But these seven 

20    people, whoever's on the Committee to Fill 

21    Vacancies -- Democratic leaders of different 

22    counties, I gather.

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Correct.

24                 SENATOR BOYLE:   So --

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Are you 


                                                               2908

 1    asking the sponsor to continue to yield?

 2                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Yes, I'm sorry.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 4    continue to yield?

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    Senator yields.

 8                 SENATOR BOYLE:   So right now we 

 9    have the possibility -- probability, extreme 

10    probability, of having a Hispanic woman make 

11    history as the first Latina or I think 

12    Hispanic -- somebody of Hispanic background as a 

13    statewide elected official should that team win, 

14    correct?  If Brian -- if -- 

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Two candidates 

16    for AG -- two candidates for Lieutenant Governor 

17    define themselves as Latina women, yes.

18                 SENATOR BOYLE:   And so there's -- 

19    does the sponsor continue to yield?  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

21    continue to yield?

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR BOYLE:   So going from the 


                                                               2909

 1    probability of this history-making election of a 

 2    Latina or Latinx candidate to statewide office, 

 3    these people on this Committee to Fill Vacancies 

 4    could choose someone from a different ethnicity 

 5    or demographics background; true?  

 6                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Of course.  They 

 7    could choose whoever they choose.  I don't have a 

 8    crystal ball.

 9                 SENATOR BOYLE:   Madam President, on 

10    the bill.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

12    Boyle on the bill.

13                 SENATOR BOYLE:   So I would just 

14    associate myself with the remarks of my 

15    colleagues and say that as terrible as it was for 

16    our former colleague to be in this situation -- I 

17    wish him the best -- however, when I heard about 

18    it, I said, Wow, there's a decent chance that 

19    we're going to have a Latina as our Lieutenant 

20    Governor, making history in New York State as 

21    getting elected.

22                 And because this bill -- unless the 

23    Committee to Fill Vacancies chooses another 

24    Latina, that that very well may not happen.  

25                 So this -- I know we talked about 


                                                               2910

 1    the governmental aspect of this, but there is the 

 2    political side of this.  And I know that the 

 3    Majority in this body and the other body are very 

 4    into identity politics.  And it would be a 

 5    real -- I'm obviously, full disclosure, 

 6    supporting the other team.  But if we do not -- 

 7    if we do not pass this bill, the people in the 

 8    Majority here can help possibly make history.  By 

 9    voting for it, you're really rolling the dice.

10                 Madam Speaker, I intend to vote in 

11    the negative.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

13    Martucci on the bill.

14                 SENATOR MARTUCCI:   Thank you, 

15    Madam President.  On the bill.  

16                 I've been here in Albany for 

17    16 months -- today marks the start of my 

18    17th month in this chamber -- and I have to admit 

19    that before I came here, despite the warnings -- 

20    everyone told me in advance that Albany was 

21    filled with corruption and dysfunction.  And I 

22    can honestly say that all of their warnings fell 

23    short of the reality.  And this bill that we're 

24    talking about right here before us is a prime 

25    example.


                                                               2911

 1                 I'm a political outsider.  I ran a 

 2    business, I took care of my family.  Before I was 

 3    elected here, I paid attention to politics here 

 4    and there, just like most people.  And nothing 

 5    could have prepared me for what I've seen in the 

 6    last few months and this bill that's in front of 

 7    us here today.

 8                 Madam President, this is a blatantly 

 9    political bill.  My colleagues have talked about 

10    this, and I agree with them wholeheartedly.  It's 

11    the opposite of good government.  This bill is 

12    not for the people of the State of New York, this 

13    bill is for the politicians.  And in fact, this 

14    bill is specifically for the indicted 

15    politicians, which are not people that sit very 

16    high on my list.  

17                 I associate myself with 

18    Senator Akshar's comments that we should be 

19    focusing on other things right now, like public 

20    safety or helping struggling families or focusing 

21    on affordability.  But we're not doing any of 

22    those things.  

23                 Our record on ethics in this chamber 

24    and in this government is appalling.  I came here 

25    to do the right thing, to restore common sense, 


                                                               2912

 1    and this bill is a big step in the wrong 

 2    direction.  This isn't democracy, this is 

 3    changing the rules midstream for political gain.

 4                 We've heard a lot today, and as 

 5    Senator Lanza said, there's no secret about what 

 6    this bill is about.  And for that reason I urge 

 7    my colleagues to stop doing the same thing over 

 8    and over and over again and expecting a different 

 9    result.  Madam President, that's the definition 

10    of insanity.  

11                 I'll be voting no, and I urge my 

12    colleagues to do the same.  We owe the people we 

13    represent a lot better.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

15    Palumbo on the bill.

16                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

17    Madam President.  On the bill.  And I'll try and 

18    tighten up my comments a little bit, because a 

19    lot of it has been said.

20                 And I really need to express what 

21    immediately came to my head, and it actually has 

22    a lot to do with politics that began in New York.  

23    When I saw that this bill was submitted, I 

24    thought to myself:  Woe to the vanquished, to the 

25    victor goes the spoils.  


                                                               2913

 1                 And when you think about that -- and 

 2    without reiterating a lot of what was said -- 

 3    when the Majority in this chamber switched 

 4    three and a half years ago, there was immediately 

 5    a bill put forward -- because at the time the 

 6    Majority -- the Democratic Party had a simple 

 7    majority.  A bill was immediately put forward to 

 8    require only a majority to approve maps, it 

 9    needed to be passed two years in a row and then 

10    go to referendum.  And that bill also had a 

11    number of other real doozies that would otherwise 

12    allow towns to be split --

13                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Madam President, 

14    I believe my colleague is not on the bill, he is 

15    not germane on the bill.  Please keep the 

16    comments germane to this bill.

17                 Thank you, Madam President.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

19    Palumbo, please keep your comments germane to the 

20    bill as the rule requires.

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President --

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

23    Lanza.  

24                 SENATOR LANZA:   Every member of 

25    this body is entitled, under the rules, to speak 


                                                               2914

 1    about what they think about a bill, whether they 

 2    think it's a good idea, a bad idea, or what they 

 3    believe the motivation for that bill is.  And 

 4    that is simply what we are hearing right now.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 6    Lanza, I've given a great deal of latitude to 

 7    each of the people to express their views in a 

 8    broad way.  I will continue to do so.  

 9                 But the rule requires germaneness, 

10    and the Acting Floor Leader has indicated his 

11    objection to going off the content of the bill.  

12    And therefore I'm asking you to please direct 

13    your comments to the bill before us.

14                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And I certainly 

15    understand that, Madam President.  And if I may 

16    be heard in that regard, that this is something 

17    that is changing the rules of a law that has 

18    existed for many, many, many years.  And this 

19    Majority, that is the same party as the Governor, 

20    has also chosen to change many rules and even 

21    attempt to change many rules that have existed 

22    for many, many years.

23                 So when we're making argument -- 

24    which is what "on the bill" is -- this is subject 

25    to connection.  And actually a State Senator made 


                                                               2915

 1    comments when he was a -- I believe Secretary to 

 2    the Treasury at one point that are specific to 

 3    the -- exactly what's going on right now.  And 

 4    I'll shorten it.  Because that phrase that I 

 5    mentioned -- "Woe to the vanquished" -- was 

 6    basically, the original -- when the Gauls sacked 

 7    Rome, that was what they said when they had 

 8    complained about the scales being uneven and the 

 9    barbarian Gaul put his sword on the scale and 

10    said:  Now go get more, because we won, too bad.

11                 Now, that was further -- Governor 

12    Marcy, this is where I was going with this.  

13    Governor Marcy subsequently said when there was a 

14    changing of the guard -- in a speech on the U.S. 

15    Senate floor -- he was a New York State Senator 

16    at one point.  He was defending Secretary of 

17    State Martin Van Buren against an attack by 

18    Senator Henry Clay, and he made his remark and he 

19    became the champion of what is known as the 

20    spoils system, which ultimately in politics, as 

21    we all know, is patronage.  You win, you put your 

22    own people in, you do whatever you want and, you 

23    know, discretion be darned.  

24                 And that's really the point of my 

25    comments, that we have had a bill that went to 


                                                               2916

 1    the people by referendum, passed twice, and the 

 2    people overwhelmingly said no, thank you.

 3                 And then this body again tried to 

 4    change the rules in their favor.  They also 

 5    added, you know, no-excuse absentee, many other 

 6    things -- harvesting ballot bills that we'll 

 7    probably see at some point -- because absentee 

 8    ballots overwhelmingly favor one party over the 

 9    other.

10                 So when we equate that to the 

11    bill-in-chief, this is just yet another cavalier 

12    move to simply disregard the voter.  And when you 

13    think about "woe to the vanquished," who are the 

14    vanquished in this situation?  It's not us, it's 

15    not the Republican Party, because the voters have 

16    spoken.  This does not take into consideration 

17    any of the voters.  This is for one particular 

18    person, this is for one particular party in one 

19    particular race.  

20                 And at one point in the debate I 

21    heard the sponsor say that why would someone 

22    want -- I don't know if anyone would want to vote 

23    for a candidate under indictment, I believe was 

24    the actual language used.  Well, the 

25    Legislature's going to tell us who to vote for 


                                                               2917

 1    now?  We're going to do it by bills?  We don't 

 2    think this person should be on the ballot because 

 3    that's our opinion -- not you, voter, 19 million 

 4    people in a democracy, little "d" democracy.  

 5                 So what is going on right now is 

 6    unbelievably arrogant and cavalier, that we're 

 7    now telling the voters:  Well, you can't just 

 8    vote for the other two candidates that are on the 

 9    ballot, you cannot vote for this individual.  

10    Because we have a system of qualifying 

11    candidates.  And there are three ways to get on 

12    the ballot, as we discussed -- I'm sorry, two.  

13    Now three.  The one way is after you're qualified 

14    after the process closes and you have people who 

15    are certified for the election, you can either do 

16    those things we said -- move out of state, go to 

17    other office.  And you can only get certified by 

18    either the statewide committee giving you enough 

19    votes or you slug it out on the streets and get 

20    enough petitions.  

21                 So the way to get on the ballot is 

22    either get enough petitions, travel the state in 

23    the appropriate time period when there's a level 

24    playing field and many candidates are looking for 

25    the endorsement of the statewide party, or now 


                                                               2918

 1    curry favor with seven hand-picked members of a 

 2    Committee on Vacancies.  

 3                 So we don't have the regular process 

 4    that's constitutional, and we're not the Gaul 

 5    barbarians putting the sword on the scales.  

 6    That's what's happening right now.  That's 

 7    exactly what's happening.  We are, though, a 

 8    constitutional republic.  And we're a body of 

 9    civilized people.  And we're act like barbarians 

10    right now.  

11                 This, quite frankly, is outrageous.  

12    I vote no, and I urge my colleagues to do the 

13    same.  Thank you, Madam President.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

15    O'Mara on the bill.

16                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you, 

17    Madam President.  I hope to be brief.

18                 And following up a little bit on the 

19    bill, on Senator Boyle's remarks on would we be 

20    doing this for any other Lieutenant Governor 

21    position.

22                 Come on, let's not kid ourselves.  

23    There's no way that this body would be taking up 

24    this bill to allow Tom Suozzi's Lieutenant 

25    Governor who'd been indicted to get off the 


                                                               2919

 1    ballot, to allow Jumaane Williams' Lieutenant 

 2    Governor candidate who happened to be indicted to 

 3    get off the ballot, to allow Lee Zeldin's 

 4    Lieutenant Governor candidate to get off the 

 5    ballot.  This would not be being taken up by this 

 6    body or the Assembly or being pushed by the 

 7    Governor, for that matter.

 8                 This is nothing more than a 

 9    continuation of one-party rule run amuck in 

10    New York State.  It's a continued abuse of power.  

11    Less than one week after the Court of Appeals 

12    struck down the gerrymandered and 

13    unconstitutional redistricting maps, that we now 

14    throw our entire election process into chaos 

15    because of one-party rule in New York State.  

16                 Let's not kid ourselves for a moment 

17    that this would be being done for anybody else 

18    other than Governor Hochul's Lieutenant Governor.  

19    It would not be happening.  

20                 It's not right.  It's not just.  

21    I'll be voting no.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

23    Stec on the bill.

24                 SENATOR STEC:   Thank you, 

25    Madam President.  On the bill.


                                                               2920

 1                 The sponsor had previously asked 

 2    Senator Lanza a question that I wanted to jump in 

 3    and offer an answer.  I think Senator O'Mara just 

 4    touched base on that very briefly.  But the 

 5    question was how would we feel if this was a 

 6    Republican candidate or, as my colleague pointed 

 7    out, any other Democratic candidate.  

 8                 Had this been a Republican 

 9    Lieutenant Governor, there is no way on God's 

10    green earth that this chamber or the chamber down 

11    there would be entertaining this legislation at 

12    all.  So the bill would never move.  

13                 And secondly, how would we feel?  

14    Frankly, if my party's candidate was so poorly 

15    vetted by somebody in charge of a 

16    19-million-person state and a $226 billion budget 

17    and they didn't read the newspaper to see that 

18    the person they were looking at was getting 

19    looked at by the cops, then you know what?  My 

20    party's candidate should justifiably suffer the 

21    consequences that would fall from the voters, 

22    period.  But that hasn't happened here.  

23                 Now, the timing of this is all very 

24    remarkable to me.  The Governor, Governor Hochul, 

25    picked an anti-law enforcement candidate to run 


                                                               2921

 1    with as her Lieutenant Governor.  Then, lo and 

 2    behold, crime -- to the surprise of many, but not 

 3    to the surprise of this side of the aisle -- but 

 4    crime quickly becomes the number-one concern 

 5    amongst voters in New York State because of past 

 6    mistakes made by our one-party rule.  But the 

 7    Governor is stuck with her pick.  

 8                 And then, to make matters worse, of 

 9    all things her anti-law enforcement running mate 

10    becomes indicted.  He becomes a subject of the 

11    criminal justice system that he's got a record of 

12    opposing.

13                 Now the Governor's really stuck, and 

14    she needs an out.  So the answer here is to 

15    change Election Law.  We don't send the bill 

16    through the Elections Committee, we put it in on 

17    Friday, we let it age three days like on the 

18    quick, we bring it up here to vote on.  

19                 And I guess my last rhetorical 

20    question would be in needing to get rid of this 

21    candidate because he's a hindrance to her ticket, 

22    he's a risk to his whole party in November, and 

23    he's got a problem with criminal justice in a 

24    year where criminal justice issues are the 

25    driving force amongst the electorate, what's 


                                                               2922

 1    Governor Hochul's next move?  Pick a cop to be 

 2    her running mate, so this is about political 

 3    expedience and strengthening -- I mean, these are 

 4    the questions that many of us have.  

 5                 This bill stinks to high heaven, and 

 6    I'll be voting against it.  And shame on anyone 

 7    that votes for it.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 9    Helming to explain her vote.

10                 SENATOR HELMING:   Thank you, 

11    Madam President.  On the bill.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Oh, I'm 

13    sorry, Senator Helming on the bill.  Thanks for 

14    correcting me.  

15                 SENATOR HELMING:   The fact that 

16    this legislation even needed to be introduced is 

17    a disgrace.  It's an absolute disgrace to our 

18    government and our state and to the citizens who 

19    continue to lose trust in our government and in 

20    our leaders.  

21                 It's amazing to me how quickly this 

22    legislation was moved to the floor, how quickly 

23    the Senate Majority can act when it serves their 

24    best interest or their interest.

25                 Rather than putting this bill to 


                                                               2923

 1    erase the Governor's poor judgment, I believe 

 2    that New Yorkers would be better served by 

 3    advancing priorities that actually help our 

 4    constituents.  Lower their taxes, lower the cost 

 5    of living, and make our streets safer.

 6                 Once again, New York State is going 

 7    to make the headlines, and once again it's going 

 8    to be for all the wrong reasons.

 9                 There's been a lot of talk over 

10    these past several months about open government, 

11    about transparent government, about 

12    collaboration.  In fact, earlier the sponsor 

13    stated this is a bill that intends to give an 

14    option to the people.  

15                 I don't believe that.  If the 

16    Majority -- all of the Democrat Senators in this 

17    chamber truly cared about this ballot issue and 

18    truly cared about what is in the best interests 

19    of all New Yorkers, they would have held public 

20    hearings.  They would have given the public an 

21    opportunity to weigh in on this important 

22    subject.  They would have included stakeholders 

23    in open and transparent discussions, including 

24    our boards of election commissioners.  

25                 We've seen nothing of the sort.  


                                                               2924

 1    Instead, today we have another bill that 

 2    continues to promote secret, back-door politics.  

 3    And, Madam President, dare I even suggest that 

 4    it's the same sort of bad politics that resulted 

 5    in the unconstitutional, gerrymandered 

 6    redistricting maps that my Democratic colleagues 

 7    voted for.

 8                 It's the same foolery, it's the same 

 9    shenanigans over and over again.  The same 

10    secretive, closed-door negotiations that 

11    continues to put politics first instead of people 

12    first.

13                 For these reasons, Madam President, 

14    I vote no, and I urge everyone in this chamber to 

15    do the right thing and to vote no.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

17    Mattera on the bill.

18                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Thank you, 

19    Madam President.  To explain my vote.

20                 Governor Hochul is looking for 

21    state --

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

23    Mattera, you're on the bill.  Do you want to 

24    explain your vote a little later?

25                 SENATOR MATTERA:   I'm sorry, I'm on 


                                                               2925

 1    the bill.  I'm sorry.  Thank you, 

 2    Madam President.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 4    Mattera on the bill.

 5                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Governor Hochul 

 6    is looking for the State Legislature to protect 

 7    her from the results of her very poor choice.  

 8    Simply put, she is looking for the State 

 9    Legislature to protect her from the poor 

10    decisions her office made when it selected her 

11    Lieutenant Governor last year.  And the Assembly 

12    and the Senate should not be providing political 

13    cover in any way.

14                 I strongly believe that instead of 

15    wasting our efforts protecting one elected 

16    official from a poor choice, that we should be 

17    working to better the lives of every New Yorker, 

18    who do not care nor need backroom deals.  It 

19    should be done with public input, and it must be 

20    done at a time when no individual benefits from 

21    its passage.  

22                 The Governor's vetting process was 

23    clearly flawed, and the Assembly and Senate 

24    should not fix a problem she created.  But this 

25    is a bill that will be rushed through to protect 


                                                               2926

 1    one person, the very person who will put final 

 2    signature on its passage.  And that is simply 

 3    wrong.

 4                 Madam President, I will be strongly 

 5    voting no.  Thank you.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Are there 

 7    any other Senators wishing to be heard?

 8                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

 9    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

10                 Read the last section.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

12    act shall take effect immediately.  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

14    roll.

15                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

17    Reichlin-Melnick to explain his vote.

18                 SENATOR REICHLIN-MELNICK:   Thank 

19    you, Madam President.

20                 I've sat here and listened to an 

21    awful lot of political grandstanding from some of 

22    my colleagues.  I think that there is basically 

23    one very simple thing here at issue.  

24                 If we go out and we ask any of the 

25    constituents that we represent in our district, 


                                                               2927

 1    "Do you think a politician who has been indicted 

 2    on federal corruption and bribery charges, 

 3    resigned from office in disgrace, should be on 

 4    the ballot in November or in a primary in June," 

 5    99 out of 100 people that we represent would say, 

 6    Are you kidding me?  Of course not.  Why would we 

 7    ever want somebody like that, and how could it be 

 8    the case that somebody who has resigned, who does 

 9    not want to be a candidate, has to stay as a 

10    candidate?  

11                 That does not make any sense to me, 

12    and it does not make any sense to most of the 

13    people that I represent.  

14                 And we talk about, you know, how 

15    does somebody get off a ballot?  You know, 

16    Senator Benjamin or anybody else could die -- we 

17    hope they don't -- they could move out of 

18    office -- or move out of state to New Jersey, 

19    maybe a fate worse than death, or they could -- 

20    excuse me, New Jersey --

21                 (Laughter.)

22                 SENATOR REICHLIN-MELNICK:   Or they 

23    could run -- you know, run for another office.  

24                 In any of those scenarios, though, 

25    this exact same process of a Committee on 


                                                               2928

 1    Vacancies would pick a candidate.  It could 

 2    happen to any of us.  If something, God forbid, 

 3    happened to a member of this body, their 

 4    Committee on Vacancies -- and we all petitioned 

 5    to get on the ballot -- would choose a candidate 

 6    that voters never petitioned for.  But that's 

 7    what the New York State law has allowed for 

 8    decades.  

 9                 And so I don't think that there is 

10    anything particularly strange about saying that 

11    somebody that's been indicted, that's resigned 

12    their office, that does not want to be a 

13    candidate shouldn't be a candidate.  

14                 And let's remember, this is not a 

15    partisan thing.  Two of the last four Majority 

16    Leaders of this body who came from the minority 

17    party here were indicted, resigned, and removed 

18    themselves from the ballot, because it so 

19    happened that they were indicted and resigned not 

20    right in the middle of an election season.  

21                 But I'm very sure that had they had 

22    a similar timeline and been indicted and resigned 

23    from office right in the middle of an election, 

24    their party probably would not have wanted to go 

25    into that election with former Majority Leaders 


                                                               2929

 1    Dean Skelos or Joe Bruno on the ballot for their 

 2    districts.  

 3                 So we have a lot of politics here.  

 4    I think this is simple common sense.  And while 

 5    this is a challenging situation, I am going to be 

 6    voting in the affirmative.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 8    Reichlin-Melnick to be recorded in the 

 9    affirmative.

10                 Senator May to explain her vote.

11                 SENATOR MAY:   Thank you, 

12    Madam President.

13                 I rise to explain why I'm voting no 

14    on this bill, but I want to say that this debate 

15    almost convinced me to change my mind --

16                 (Laughter.)

17                 SENATOR MAY:   -- because this 

18    debate made it clear that some of our colleagues 

19    believe that the purpose of an election is to 

20    punish a candidate or a campaign.

21                 I believe the purpose of an election 

22    is to give voters a choice.  And the purpose of a 

23    ballot is to give them a clear choice among 

24    candidates who are actually running for office.

25                 This is why I was proud to have my 


                                                               2930

 1    bill signed into law last year that allowed 

 2    someone to decline a ballot line if they lost a 

 3    primary but they still had a third-party line, 

 4    because I believe there should not be phantom 

 5    candidates on a ballot.  And I believe it's 

 6    appropriate to allow a candidate to withdraw for 

 7    good cause.

 8                 I'm voting no on this bill because I 

 9    also believe in process.  And that bill that I 

10    carried went through vetting, it went through 

11    committee -- twice -- because it also went 

12    through an amendment process.  

13                 I do believe -- and it wasn't meant 

14    to apply to any particular candidate, it was a 

15    general fix to a real problem that we have here 

16    in New York State.  And I believe we need to fix 

17    that problem for this level of candidates too.

18                 But for now, I do think the process 

19    matters, and I am voting no.

20                 Thank you.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

22    May to be recorded in the negative.

23                 Senator Savino to explain her vote.

24                 SENATOR SAVINO:   Thank you, 

25    Madam President.


                                                               2931

 1                 You know, I almost didn't come down 

 2    to the chamber today, but I'm glad I did.  

 3    Because this has been quite entertaining, 

 4    actually.  Some of you couldn't even keep a 

 5    straight face as you were standing up and 

 6    speaking on the bill.

 7                 I'm going to vote in favor of this 

 8    bill, although I agree with Senator May, I think 

 9    her bill would have been a better solution.  But 

10    that's not the one that is before us.  

11                 Unfortunately, we have some of the 

12    most archaic laws on ballot access in the 

13    country.  We all know that, we all admit that.  

14    We know that because we wrote them.  Maybe not 

15    those of us individually in this chamber, but 

16    we've done very little to fix them.  

17                 We all know the ridiculousness of 

18    the fact that the only way to get off the ballot 

19    after the declination period has passed is you 

20    have to die -- certainly not an option -- move 

21    out of state -- again, hardly an option, you 

22    can't move that quickly and establish residency 

23    or have the Board of Elections accept that 

24    residency change -- or be nominated for another 

25    office.  


                                                               2932

 1                 And so in a position like this one 

 2    where you have a candidate who has been selected 

 3    at a party convention -- and I've heard the term 

 4    "the will of the voters" used a lot.  Well, the 

 5    will of the voters are not at play at a party 

 6    convention.  It's a party candidate selection 

 7    process.  And a primary is not an election 

 8    either.  It's a partisan candidate selection 

 9    process.

10                 I'd remind a lot of my colleagues 

11    here -- you know, it's a long way down from the 

12    high horse we all climb up on sometimes -- but 

13    this debate has been hardly about what the will 

14    of the voters want, it's purely been about 

15    politics.  And those of you who are -- have been 

16    very critical about it, it's because you want to 

17    see the Governor stuck -- I think one of you said 

18    she should be forced to pay the price for 

19    choosing this candidate.

20                 Maybe so.  And maybe she will pay 

21    the price for the decision later on.  But we have 

22    a different problem.  We have a candidate who, 

23    whether or not they've been indicted, whether 

24    they're under investigation, clearly does not 

25    want to run.  He does not want to see his name on 


                                                               2933

 1    the ballot.  He does not want to go before the 

 2    voters.  He doesn't want the will of the voters 

 3    to be subject to him.  

 4                 That's the choice.  This is the bill 

 5    that's before us.  Again, I believe Senator May's 

 6    bill is a better bill, but that's not the one 

 7    that we have before us.  

 8                 So we have a problem now.  We have a 

 9    candidate who was a Lieutenant Governor, he 

10    resigned from office, he is on the ballot unless 

11    we find a way that he can voluntarily request his 

12    name be removed so that the voters don't have to 

13    be subjected to him.

14                 And my final point, I find it very 

15    entertaining that many of you are concerned about 

16    the fate of two of the women, the Latina 

17    candidates on the Democratic side.  You can't 

18    vote for them, but maybe you can support them in 

19    other ways, to make sure that perhaps they can 

20    make history.  So, you know, if you're still that 

21    concerned about them, I'm sure they'll take your 

22    contributions and maybe you can go out and 

23    campaign for them.  

24                 But I'm going to vote for the bill 

25    that we have in front of us.  It's not the 


                                                               2934

 1    perfect solution, but unfortunately it's the only 

 2    one we have today.  

 3                 Madam President, thank you.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 5    Savino to be recorded in the affirmative.

 6                 Senator Lanza to explain his vote.

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   Thank you, Madam 

 8    President, to explain my vote.

 9                 Let me say with a straight face that 

10    I have a hard time -- anyone can have a straight 

11    face in saying that this bill does not have 

12    something to do or everything to do with 

13    politics.  

14                 I can tell you the people back home, 

15    they must be spinning in their chairs and I would 

16    like to see their faces at this moment when they 

17    are being sold a bill of goods with respect to 

18    this legislation.

19                 And some people believe -- some 

20    people believe that the purpose of legislation is 

21    to help get the candidate of their choosing 

22    elected and not about the best interests of the 

23    people of New York.  And that's why I'll be 

24    voting no on this legislation.

25                 Thank you, Madam President.


                                                               2935

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 2    Lanza to be recorded in the negative.

 3                 Senator Palumbo to explain his vote.

 4                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 5    Madam President.  And just another quick comment 

 6    that just occurred to me.  To explain my vote, 

 7    and thank you for allowing me the opportunity to 

 8    interrupt the proceedings.

 9                 So not even just applying to this 

10    particular situation, now in the future if 

11    someone is charged with a crime two weeks before 

12    Election Day, how many millions of dollars is the 

13    state going to have to expend in an expedited 

14    fashion to change every single ballot in a 

15    statewide office?  A lot.

16                 So this seems like something that 

17    is -- oh, it's a silly process, it is what it is.  

18    But this is opening such a tremendous can of 

19    worms and costs to the state, that we have 

20    someone who had no interest probably three weeks 

21    ago in running for Lieutenant Governor who's 

22    going to be magically plucked out of the air by 

23    the current Governor as a running mate and placed 

24    on the ballot through this brand-new process, 

25    through the Committee on Vacancies, after 


                                                               2936

 1    qualification.  

 2                 And so that's really the point.  

 3    There is a big issue regarding the actual balance 

 4    that we're looking to strike as far as fairness 

 5    for people who want to run for public office.  

 6    Nobody else is going to get that opportunity; a 

 7    political insider is.  

 8                 And that's why I vote in the 

 9    negative, in addition to all the other reasons I 

10    previously mentioned.  

11                 Thank you, Madam Speaker -- Madam 

12    President.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

14    Palumbo to be recorded in the negative.

15                 Announce the results.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

17    Calendar 932, those Senators voting in the 

18    negative are Senators Akshar, Biaggi, Borrello, 

19    Boyle, Brisport, Felder, Gallivan, Gianaris, 

20    Griffo, Helming, Jordan, Lanza, Martucci, 

21    Mattera, May, Myrie, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, 

22    Palumbo, Ramos, Rath, Ritchie, Rivera, Salazar, 

23    Serino, Stec, Tedisco and Weik.  

24                 Ayes, 33.  Nays, 29.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 


                                                               2937

 1    is passed.

 2                 Senator Kennedy, that completes the 

 3    reading of the controversial calendar.

 4                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Thank you, 

 5    Madam President.  

 6                 Is there any further business at the 

 7    desk?

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   There is 

 9    no further business at the desk.

10                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   There being none, 

11    I move to adjourn until Tuesday, May 3rd, at 

12    3:00 p.m.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The Senate 

14    stands adjourned, on motion, till Tuesday, 

15    May 3rd, at 3:00 p.m. 

16                 (Whereupon, at 5:44 p.m., the Senate 

17    adjourned.)

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