STATE OF NEW YORK ________________________________________________________________________ 6186 2025-2026 Regular Sessions IN SENATE March 6, 2025 ___________ Introduced by Sens. PARKER, SEPULVEDA -- read twice and ordered printed, and when printed to be committed to the Committee on Elections AN ACT to amend the election law, in relation to voting rights The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem- bly, do enact as follows: 1 Section 1. The election law is amended by adding a new section 5-108 2 to read as follows: 3 § 5-108. Voter protection. 1. The terms used in this section shall 4 have the following meanings: 5 a. the term "board" shall mean the state board of elections provided 6 for by section 3-100 of this chapter; 7 b. the term "election" shall mean any federal, state or local election 8 held in the state; 9 c. the term "county board of elections" shall have the meaning set 10 forth in section 1-104 of this chapter; and 11 d. the term "election officer" shall have the meaning set forth in 12 section 1-104 of this chapter. 13 2. A person is guilty of voter intimidation if such person uses or 14 threatens force, violence or any tactic of coercion or intimidation to 15 induce or compel any other person to: 16 a. vote or refrain from voting; 17 b. vote or refrain from voting for any particular candidate or ballot 18 measure; or 19 c. refrain from registering to vote. 20 3. A person is guilty of voter suppression if such person knowingly 21 attempts to prevent or deter another person from voting or registering 22 to vote based on fraudulent, deceptive or spurious grounds or informa- 23 tion. Voter suppression includes: 24 a. challenging another person's right to register or vote based on 25 knowingly false information; EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets [ ] is old law to be omitted. LBD10598-01-5

S. 6186 2 1 b. attempting to induce another person to refrain from registering or 2 voting by providing that person with knowingly false information; or 3 c. attempting to induce another person to refrain from registering or 4 voting at the proper place or time by providing that person with know- 5 ingly false information about the date, time, place or manner of the 6 election. 7 4. a. Local election supervisors must post a voter's bill of rights 8 at every polling place, include it with every distribution of official 9 sample ballots, and offer it to voters at polling places, in accordance 10 with procedures approved by the board. The text of this document will 11 be: 12 "VOTER'S BILL OF RIGHTS 13 Every registered voter in this state has the right to: 14 1. Inspect a sample ballot before voting. 15 2. Cast a ballot if such voter is in line when the polls are closing. 16 3. Ask for and receive assistance in voting, including assistance in 17 languages other than English where required by federal or state law. 18 4. Receive a replacement ballot if such voter makes a mistake prior to 19 the ballot being cast. 20 5. Cast a provisional ballot if such voter's eligibility to vote is in 21 question. 22 6. Vote free from coercion or intimidation by election officers or any 23 other person. 24 7. Cast a ballot using voting equipment that accurately counts all 25 votes." 26 b. In any political subdivision or precinct where federal or state law 27 requires the ballot to be made available in a language other than 28 English, the voter's bill of rights will also be made available in such 29 language or languages. 30 5. The board will create a manual of uniform polling place procedures 31 and adopt the manual by regulation. Local election supervisors will 32 ensure that the manuals are available in hard copy or electronic form at 33 every precinct in the supervisors' jurisdictions on election day. The 34 manual will guide local election officers in the proper implementation 35 of election laws and procedures. The manual will be indexed by subject 36 and written in clear, unambiguous language. The manual will provide 37 specific examples of common problems encountered at the polls on 38 election day, and detail specific procedures for resolving those prob- 39 lems. The manual will include, but not be limited to, the following: 40 a. regulations governing solicitation by individuals and groups at the 41 polling place; 42 b. procedures to be followed with respect to voters whose names are 43 not on the precinct register; 44 c. proper operation of the voting system; 45 d. ballot handling procedures; 46 e. procedures governing spoiled ballots; 47 f. procedures to be followed after the polls close; 48 g. rights of voters at the polls; 49 h. procedures for handling emergency situations; 50 i. procedures for handling and processing provisional ballots; and 51 j. security procedures. 52 § 2. The election law is amended by adding a new section 17-133 to 53 read as follows: 54 § 17-133. Illegal voter suppression. Any person who:

S. 6186 3 1 1. Commits voter intimidation or conspires to commit voter intim- 2 idation will be guilty of a felony, punishable by up to three years in 3 prison and a fine of up to one hundred thousand dollars; or 4 2. Commits voter suppression or conspires to commit voter suppression 5 will be guilty of a felony, punishable by up to two years in prison and 6 a fine of fifty thousand dollars; or 7 3. Willfully violates any other part of section 5-108 of this chapter 8 will be guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by up to one year in prison, 9 a fine of up to ten thousand dollars, or both. 10 The board will promulgate all regulations necessary to enforce this 11 section. In addition to criminal and regulatory sanctions, this section 12 may be enforced by the attorney general under section seventy of the 13 executive law. 14 § 3. The election law is amended by adding a new section 17-135 to 15 read as follows: 16 § 17-135. Vote dilution. 1. No voting qualification or prerequisite 17 to voting or standard, practice, or procedure shall be imposed or 18 applied by the state or any political subdivision in a manner which 19 results in a denial or abridgement of the right of any citizen to vote 20 on account of race or color, religion, gender, gender preference or 21 disability, or in contravention of the guarantees set forth in the 22 constitution of the state of New York, or as otherwise provided in this 23 section. 24 2. A violation of subdivision one of this section is established if, 25 based on the totality of circumstances, it is shown that the political 26 processes leading to nomination or election in the state or political 27 subdivision are not equally open to participation by members of a class 28 of citizens protected by subdivision one of this section in that its 29 members have less opportunity than other members of the electorate to 30 participate in the political process and to elect representatives of 31 their choice. The extent to which members of a protected class have been 32 elected to office in the state or political subdivision is one circum- 33 stance which may be considered; provided however that nothing in this 34 section establishes a right to have members of a protected class elected 35 in numbers equal to their proportion in the population. 36 § 4. Article 8 of the election law is amended by adding a new title 8 37 to read as follows: 38 TITLE VIII 39 PRECLEARANCE 40 Section 8-800. Preclearance. 41 § 8-800. Preclearance. 1. a. Whenever the state or any political 42 subdivision or municipal corporation shall enact or seek to administer 43 any voting qualification or prerequisite to voting, or standard, prac- 44 tice, or procedure with respect to voting different from that in force 45 or effect on January first, two thousand twenty-five, such state or 46 subdivision or municipal corporation may institute an action in supreme 47 court for a declaratory judgment that such qualification, prerequisite, 48 standard, practice, or procedure neither has the purpose nor will have 49 the effect of denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race 50 or color, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation or disa- 51 bility, or in contravention of the guarantees set forth in the constitu- 52 tion of the state of New York, and unless and until the court enters 53 such judgment no person shall be denied the right to vote for failure to 54 comply with such qualification, prerequisite, standard, practice, or 55 procedure; provided however that such qualification, prerequisite, stan- 56 dard, practice, or procedure may be enforced if the qualification,

S. 6186 4 1 prerequisite, standard, practice, or procedure has been submitted by the 2 chief legal officer or other appropriate official of such state or 3 subdivision or municipal corporation to the attorney general and the 4 attorney general has not interposed an objection within sixty days after 5 such submission, or upon good cause shown, to facilitate an expedited 6 approval within sixty days after such submission, the attorney general 7 has affirmatively indicated that such objection will not be made. 8 b. Neither an affirmative indication by the attorney general that no 9 objection will be made, nor the attorney general's failure to object, 10 nor a declaratory judgment entered under this section shall bar a subse- 11 quent action to enjoin enforcement of such qualification, prerequisite, 12 standard, practice, or procedure. 13 c. In the event the attorney general affirmatively indicates that no 14 objection will be made within the sixty day period following receipt of 15 a submission, the attorney general may reserve the right to reexamine 16 the submission if additional information comes to their attention during 17 the remainder of the sixty day period which would otherwise require 18 objection in accordance with this section. Any action under this section 19 shall be heard and determined by a three judge panel of the appellate 20 division in the judicial department within which the subdivision or 21 municipal corporation is situated, and any appeal shall lie to the court 22 of appeals. 23 2. Any voting qualification or prerequisite to voting, or standard, 24 practice, or procedure with respect to voting that has the purpose of or 25 will have the effect of diminishing the ability of any citizens of the 26 United States on account of race or color, religion, gender, gender 27 identity, sexual orientation or disability, or in contravention of the 28 guarantees set forth in the constitution of the state of New York, to 29 elect their preferred candidates of choice, denies or abridges the right 30 to vote within the meaning of paragraph a of subdivision one of this 31 section. 32 3. The term "purpose" as used in this section shall include any 33 discriminatory purpose. 34 4. The purpose of subdivision two of this section is to protect the 35 ability of such citizens to elect their preferred candidates of choice. 36 § 5. This act shall take effect on the first of January next succeed- 37 ing the date on which it shall have become a law.

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