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Thursday, May 8, 2025

10:32 AMRegular SessionALBANY, NEW YORK
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                                                               2875

 1                NEW YORK STATE SENATE

 2                          

 3                          

 4               THE STENOGRAPHIC RECORD

 5                          

 6                          

 7                          

 8                          

 9                  ALBANY, NEW YORK

10                     May 8, 2025

11                     10:32 a.m.

12                          

13                          

14                   REGULAR SESSION

15  

16  

17  

18  SENATOR ROXANNE J. PERSAUD, Acting President

19  ALEJANDRA N. PAULINO, ESQ., Secretary

20  

21  

22  

23  

24  

25  


                                                               2876

 1                P R O C E E D I N G S

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    Senate will come to order.  

 4                 I ask everyone to please rise and 

 5    recite the Pledge of Allegiance.

 6                 (Whereupon, the assemblage recited 

 7    the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   In the 

 9    absence of clergy, let us bow our heads in a 

10    moment of silent reflection or prayer.

11                 (Whereupon, the assemblage respected 

12    a moment of silence.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Reading 

14    of the Journal.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   In Senate, 

16    Wednesday, May 7, 2025, the Senate met pursuant 

17    to adjournment.  The Journal of Tuesday, May 6, 

18    2025, was read and approved.  On motion, the 

19    Senate adjourned.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Without 

21    objection, the Journal stands approved as read.

22                 Presentation of petitions.

23                 Messages from the Assembly.

24                 Messages from the Governor.

25                 Reports of standing committees.


                                                               2877

 1                 Reports of select committees.

 2                 Communications and reports from 

 3    state officers.

 4                 Motions and resolutions.

 5                 Senator Gianaris.

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Good morning, 

 7    Madam President.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Good 

 9    morning.

10                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   On behalf of 

11    Senator Fernandez, I move to amend Senate Bill 

12    1814A by striking out the amendments made on 

13    February 18, 2025, and restoring it to its 

14    original print, Print Number 1814.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    amendments are received, and the bill will retain 

17    its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

18                 Senator Gianaris.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   We're going to 

20    simultaneously call an immediate meeting of the 

21    Finance Committee in Room 332 and take up 

22    previously adopted Resolution 908, by 

23    Senator Fahy.  

24                 Please call Finance and then 

25    recognize Senator Fahy on that resolution.  


                                                               2878

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There 

 2    will be an immediate meeting of the 

 3    Finance Committee in Room 332.

 4                 The Secretary will read.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 908, by 

 6    Senator Fahy, recognizing May 8, 2025, as a day 

 7    to honor the work of Girls Inc. of the Greater 

 8    Capital Region.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

10    Fahy on the resolution.

11                 SENATOR FAHY:   Good morning, 

12    Madam President.  

13                 Thank you for allowing me to 

14    introduce this resolution and to recognize 

15    Girls Inc. of the Greater Capital Region.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator, 

17    can you hold a minute, please.  

18                 May we have some order in the 

19    chamber, please, so that Senator Fahy can speak.

20                 SENATOR FAHY:   Thank you, 

21    Madam President.  

22                 And if they'd like to rise -- well, 

23    they're the only ones in the chamber today, so I 

24    guess it makes it easy to see those red shirts.  

25                 Girls Inc. is a nationally 


                                                               2879

 1    recognized nonprofit dedicated to inspiring young 

 2    girls to be bright, strong, bold through their 

 3    direct service and advocacy.  They have been 

 4    incorporated for over 85 years and have served 

 5    thousands of girls and young women throughout the 

 6    Capital Region with life-changing programs on 

 7    education, health, leadership development, and 

 8    equipping them with the skills and confidence to 

 9    succeed.  Their mission is to inspire all girls 

10    to be strong, smart and bold.  

11                 They've been in existence in 

12    Schenectady since 1937 -- really ahead of their 

13    time -- and in Albany since 1961.  They're now in 

14    Poughkeepsie, and I'm forgetting one -- oh, and 

15    Troy, of course.  

16                 So it's really grown and, again, 

17    serving thousands of young girls with STEM 

18    education, again the leadership opportunities.  

19    They serve a very diverse population.  And they 

20    particularly target underrepresented and 

21    low-income neighborhoods to serve as many as 

22    possible.  

23                 Last year they were selected by 

24    Anthem Blue Cross as the 2024 Whole Health Heroes 

25    for the holistic services that they provide.  


                                                               2880

 1                 So today, again, proud to honor 

 2    Girls Inc. and recognize today as a day to 

 3    celebrate the work of Girls Inc. of the 

 4    Capital Region and its ongoing commitment to 

 5    strengthening communities and investing in the 

 6    potential of girls and young women throughout 

 7    this region.

 8                 Thank you, Madam President, for 

 9    allowing me this honor to introduce this 

10    extraordinary group, who is a small 

11    representation of the thousands who have been so 

12    successfully served over the decades.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

14    you.

15                 To our guests, Girls Inc., I welcome 

16    you on behalf of the Senate.  We extend to you 

17    the privileges and courtesies of this house.  

18                 Please remain standing and be 

19    recognized.  

20                 (Standing ovation.)

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

22    Gianaris.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

24    let's stand at ease while we await the 

25    Finance Committee's return.


                                                               2881

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    Senate will stand at ease.

 3                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

 4    at 10:37 a.m.)

 5                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

 6    10:48 a.m.)

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 8    Senate will return to order.  

 9                 Senator Gianaris.

10                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

11    there's a report of the Finance Committee at the 

12    desk.  Can we take that up, please.  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    Secretary will read.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Krueger, 

16    from the Committee on Finance, reports the 

17    following bills:  

18                 Senate Print 3004D, Senate Budget 

19    Bill, an act making appropriations for the 

20    support of government, Capital Projects Budget; 

21                 Senate Print 3006C, Senate Budget 

22    Bill, an act to amend the Education Law.

23                 Both bills reported direct to third 

24    reading.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 


                                                               2882

 1    the report of the Finance Committee.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

 3    those in favor of accepting the report of the 

 4    Finance Committee please signify by saying aye.

 5                 (Response of "Aye.")

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

 7    nay.

 8                 (Response of "Nay.")

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    report of the Finance Committee is accepted.

11                 Senator Gianaris.

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Take up the 

13    supplemental calendar, please.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    Secretary will read.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

17    972, Senate Print 3004D, Budget Bill, an act 

18    making appropriations for the support of 

19    government.

20                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

21    message of necessity at the desk?  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 

23    a message of necessity at the desk.

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

25    the message.


                                                               2883

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

 2    those in favor of accepting the message please 

 3    signify by saying aye.

 4                 (Response of "Aye.")

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

 6    nay.

 7                 (Response of "Nay.")

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

10    house.

11                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

13    will be laid aside.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

15    973, Senate Print 3006C, Budget Bill, an act to 

16    amend the Education Law.

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

18    message of necessity at the desk?  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 

20    a message of necessity at the desk.

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

22    the message of necessity.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

24    those in favor of accepting the message please 

25    signify by saying aye.


                                                               2884

 1                 (Response of "Aye.")

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

 3    nay.

 4                 (Response of "Nay.")

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

 7    house.

 8                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Lay it 

10    aside.

11                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

12    reading of the calendar.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Let's move to 

14    the controversial calendar, beginning with 

15    Calendar Number 973, please.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    Secretary will ring the bell.

18                 The Secretary will read.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

20    973, Senate Print 3006C, Senate Budget Bill, an 

21    act to amend the Education Law.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

23    Palumbo, why do you rise?

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Good morning, 

25    Madam President.


                                                               2885

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Good 

 2    morning.

 3                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Would the sponsor 

 4    yield for a few questions on Part LL, please?  Or 

 5    anyone other than the sponsor who'd be interested 

 6    in doing so.

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 9    Myrie will yield.

10                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

11    Senator Myrie.  Good morning.

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Good morning.

13                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   How are you?  

14                 I've been reading some news accounts 

15    that there were discussions regarding these 

16    changes to discovery with some district 

17    attorneys.  And I only saw that they were within 

18    the five boroughs.  Do you know if there was any 

19    consultation regarding any amendments with any of 

20    the other district attorneys around the state?  

21                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

22    Madam President, there was extensive 

23    conversations with district attorneys from all 

24    over the state.  

25                 As you may have also seen reported, 


                                                               2886

 1    these changes to the discovery law have support 

 2    from the president of the District Attorneys 

 3    Association, and our discussions were also 

 4    inclusive of other stakeholders.  So there was 

 5    extensive discussion around the changes.

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

 7    continue to yield.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

14    Senator.  

15                 And from looking at the bill itself, 

16    it looks as though the only real substantive 

17    changes -- I know there were some changes 

18    regarding timing of disclosure to -- regarding 

19    the defendant testifying in the grand jury, and 

20    that there were also some changes to the language 

21    that the items that relate to the subject matter 

22    and that -- those items that are also relevant to 

23    the subject matter.  

24                 But the way I see this, and please 

25    correct me if I'm wrong, the only substantive 


                                                               2887

 1    changes seem to be that there was a time limit 

 2    for motions, that the motion to challenge the 

 3    certificate of compliance is 35 days -- with 

 4    exceptions that we'll get into in a little bit -- 

 5    as well as codifying essentially the due 

 6    diligence standard that was established by the 

 7    Court of Appeals in People v. Bay.

 8                 Is that accurate?  

 9                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, those changes were made -- I 

11    think it's subjective what you might consider 

12    substantive or technical.  

13                 But in addition to some of those 

14    changes in the Bay factors that were codified, 

15    there was also the inclusion of a factor for 

16    consideration regarding whether the evidence 

17    might prejudice the defendant and impede the 

18    ability for them to investigate and mount a 

19    defense.  

20                 There was also an inclusion that 

21    would make clear that prosecutors are still 

22    required to meet their constitutional disclosure 

23    duties.  As you know, as a former prosecutor, we 

24    wanted to make that clear as well.

25                 And I think we're going to get into 


                                                               2888

 1    some of the COC challenge exceptions that I 

 2    think, you know, some might argue are substantive 

 3    as well.

 4                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

13                 So in addition to that -- just so 

14    I'm clear and so our colleagues are clear, 

15    because we're a little bit in the weeds here and 

16    I know that's what I always enjoy having these 

17    debates with Senator Myrie -- the addition of 

18    prejudice to the defendant is something new, that 

19    there was otherwise compliance and several 

20    factors to consider, but we also added whether or 

21    not there was prejudice to the defendant.  

22                 Is that true?

23                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

24    Madam President, that is correct.  

25                 I also want to note that we made 


                                                               2889

 1    clear in the statute that no single factor is 

 2    determinative, that the court must adopt a 

 3    totality of the circumstances approach so that 

 4    they could be taking into consideration 

 5    everything and not merely automatically 

 6    dismissing for one fact or the other.

 7                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 8    Senator.  

 9                 Will the sponsor continue to yield?

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

11    sponsor yield?

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    sponsor yields.  

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   So now as far as 

16    noncompliance with discovery, was that decoupled 

17    from the speedy trial statute, from the 30.30 

18    statute in this new change?  

19                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, it was not.

21                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

22    continue to yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

24    sponsor yield? 

25                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.


                                                               2890

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   If we could get 

 4    into the specifics, Senator.  Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  On Section 4 -- I need my 

 6    glasses for this.  But essentially the 35-day 

 7    time period to challenge a certificate of 

 8    compliance, it can be extended for good cause 

 9    shown on the prosecution's part, but the request 

10    shall be made essentially within the 35 days by 

11    defense counsel after consultation with the 

12    prosecutor to cure any known defects to the 

13    certificate of compliance.  

14                 Is that accurate?  

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

16    Madam President, that is correct.

17                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

18    continue to yield?

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   However, there's 

25    also a carveout that says, at line 42:  


                                                               2891

 1    "Notwithstanding the provisions of this 

 2    subdivision, a party may challenge the validity 

 3    of the certificate of compliance after the 

 4    expiration of the 35-day period where the grounds 

 5    for such challenge are based upon a material 

 6    change in circumstances, including but not 

 7    limited to the belated disclosure of discoverable 

 8    material pursuant to Section 245.20 of this 

 9    article, or where the party entitled to 

10    disclosure could not with due diligence have 

11    known of the specific and particularized matters 

12    forming the basis of the challenge prior to the 

13    expiration of such period."  

14                 So with regard to that section, I 

15    actually can't think of a situation where, if the 

16    defense attorney was unaware of it, that they 

17    wouldn't be able to make this motion or whether 

18    or not it was -- or, in the situation of belated 

19    disclosure, how they wouldn't have the 

20    opportunity to file that motion.

21                 So really my question to you is, 

22    Senator, am I reading this improperly?  Or is it 

23    essentially of course they can make the motion at 

24    any time?  Because what triggers typically these 

25    motions currently, before these changes, is 


                                                               2892

 1    belated disclosure of discovery.  So if discovery 

 2    is given late, how does this 35-day rule even 

 3    apply?  

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  So just to contextualize, 

 6    the -- we changed the time limit for bringing the 

 7    motion, and this was to address some of the 

 8    concerns from prosecutors that they were 

 9    receiving these challenges belatedly or that 

10    there had not been a conferral and discussion on 

11    some of the items that were missing prior to 

12    involving the court in making a decision.

13                 This speaks to an exception, and the 

14    material change in circumstance is meant to 

15    incorporate instances where the prosecutor, even 

16    after conferral, said this particular batch of 

17    evidence was not available, and a couple of days 

18    later that somehow becomes available.

19                 There should still be an opportunity 

20    for the defense to make this motion, but it 

21    should be based on a material change in the 

22    circumstance and not simply an exception to the 

23    rule that ends up swallowing the rule.

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

25    continue to yield.  


                                                               2893

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 7    Senator.

 8                 Now, moving on to the next page and 

 9    the People v. Bay factors.  And just for our 

10    colleagues I'll just generally say there -- 

11    essentially, Judge Halligan in 2023 read into the 

12    statute that when we look at this as a whole, 

13    that there was essentially a due diligence 

14    requirement of the People.  

15                 Is that accurate, Senator?  

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

17    Madam President, are you asking me to opine on 

18    what the --

19                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Sure, just -- I 

20    just want to -- I don't want to -- I want to make 

21    sure we're on the same page, that generally that 

22    the Court of Appeals case said that there was a 

23    due diligence requirement, to an extent, and 

24    listed some factors by the People when it comes 

25    to providing discovery.


                                                               2894

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President, I'd say both due diligence and 

 3    good faith.

 4                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Yes.  Thank you.  

 5    And good faith, thank you.  

 6                 And would the sponsor continue to 

 7    yield, Madam President.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    sponsor yields.  

13                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And in that case 

14    Judge Haligan still dismissed the case, but then 

15    ultimately read that into that case.  And it 

16    looks -- so it was currently law in New York 

17    state, and it looks as though those factors were 

18    incorporated within these changes within Part LL.  

19                 And then we read here, on lines 13 

20    through 16:  And whether the prosecution has 

21    delayed discovery or discovery was prejudicial -- 

22    excuse me -- delayed disclosure of discovery was 

23    prejudicial to the defense or otherwise impeded 

24    the defense's ability to effectively investigate 

25    a case or prepare for trial, as you mentioned 


                                                               2895

 1    earlier.

 2                 So that is something that was not 

 3    currently in law, based upon the Bay case, and 

 4    that's something else that was added, is that 

 5    true?

 6                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, yes.

 8                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 9    Senator.  

10                 And I will have some questions on 

11    one other section, if I may.  So if I may just go 

12    on the bill regarding this section now, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

15    Palumbo on the bill.

16                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  So -- 

17    and look, I know this was lauded to be, you know, 

18    some drastic, dramatic fix.  But unfortunately I 

19    have spoken with many assistant district 

20    attorneys in the past 24 hours -- in fact, 

21    district attorneys of very large counties as 

22    well, and they're wholly unimpressed.  Because 

23    this has virtually done nothing but codify 

24    current law and actually add a prejudice 

25    standard.  


                                                               2896

 1                 And quite frankly, Madam President, 

 2    I -- those days when I was practicing, with even 

 3    colleagues and friends on the other side of the 

 4    aisle, and I practiced on both sides of the 

 5    aisle, we would joke when you say that, oh, this 

 6    is prejudice to my client.  Well, of course it 

 7    is.  That's your job.  A confession, for example, 

 8    is very prejudicial to a defendant.  That doesn't 

 9    mean it shouldn't be in evidence.  

10                 So any late disclosure is 

11    prejudicial.  So any late disclosure will allow a 

12    motion to strike the certificate of compliance.  

13    The problem here was connecting it to speedy 

14    trial.  

15                 And there's some language in here 

16    that's saying that this should be the last 

17    consideration to dismiss the case, this should be 

18    the last remedy.  But that's currently the law.  

19    And the due diligence standard is currently the 

20    law as of December of 2023 when the Court of 

21    Appeals said so.

22                 So this is unfortunately a nothing 

23    burger.  And quite frankly, during these 

24    deliberations we saw many of our colleagues on 

25    the other side say, we don't want any changes to 


                                                               2897

 1    discovery.  We're not doing it.  Well, that's 

 2    what happened.  This is not a change.  This is 

 3    nothing.  This is codifying current law.  And 

 4    this is creating a few nuanced, really 

 5    insignificant changes in my opinion, still 

 6    allowing the court to strike the certificate of 

 7    compliance for late disclosure, even if it's 

 8    unintentional.  Because now we're adding a new 

 9    factor of prejudice to the defendant.  Check that 

10    box on every single late disclosure of something 

11    not significant, period.  

12                 So if it's a body camera which is of 

13    the seventh police officer at the scene:  You 

14    didn't disclose that.  Well, that's prejudicial.  

15    It may have something that I really feel is 

16    important, Judge.  I want to make the motion.  

17                 Okay, great.  In fact, it's 

18    ineffective assistance of counsel, in my opinion, 

19    if you're not making that motion.  

20                 So right now we're going to be right 

21    back to where we are currently today with cases 

22    being dismissed on hypertechnical issues and 

23    justice not being served.  

24                 So I do appreciate this.  And I 

25    would hope that my colleagues, when the dismissal 


                                                               2898

 1    numbers are roughly what they are today for 

 2    technical violations of this, that we can 

 3    actually revisit this and actually do something 

 4    that will make it fair and balanced for both 

 5    sides.  That's really the importance.  Justice 

 6    has a scale in her hands and a blindfold.  So the 

 7    scale is really tipped in the wrong direction 

 8    right now that it's not fair.  It's not fair to 

 9    everyone.  So we need to fix it.  This is not a 

10    fix.

11                 So that being said, Madam President, 

12    I'll go back to the nice Senator Palumbo, and I 

13    wonder if the sponsor would yield for some 

14    questions on Part DD, please.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

16    sponsor yield to the nice Senator Palumbo?  

17                 (Laughter.)

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   I yield to the nice 

19    Senator, yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Well, good 

23    morning, Senator Myrie.  What a pleasure.  

24                 (Laughter.)

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   So nice to see 


                                                               2899

 1    you.  Yes.

 2                 With regard to this Part DD, so 

 3    we've created a new crime, evading arrest by 

 4    concealment of identity.  And the elements of 

 5    this crime -- it's a B misdemeanor, so you can 

 6    get three months in jail.  And a person is guilty 

 7    of evading arrest by concealment of identity 

 8    (reading) when in the course of the commission of 

 9    a felony or Class A misdemeanor or in the 

10    immediate flight therefrom, such person wears a 

11    mask or facial covering or otherwise obscures 

12    their face completely or partially for no 

13    legitimate purpose with the intent to prevent 

14    their identification, apprehension or arrest for 

15    such crime.  

16                 So based on that language, Senator, 

17    my question is, can someone be charged with this 

18    new crime if they are not -- and this is somewhat 

19    rhetorical -- committing another A misdemeanor or 

20    higher, and they're doing -- they're wearing the 

21    mask during the commission or immediate flight 

22    therefrom.

23                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

24    Madam President, they cannot.

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 


                                                               2900

 1    continue to yield.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   the 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 8    Senator.  So if someone's on a college campus 

 9    wearing a mask, screaming, cursing and shouting 

10    antisemitic comments, they can't be charged with 

11    this crime because that would essentially be 

12    harassment, which is a violation.  They're not in 

13    the commission of a crime, but they are in fact 

14    still wearing their mask, with the intent to 

15    prevent their identification, apprehension or 

16    arrest.  They still couldn't be charged with this 

17    new crime that has just been created, isn't that 

18    fair to say?

19                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, they would not be charged with 

21    this new crime.  They may be charged with an 

22    underlying crime in this hypothetical that you've 

23    described.

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

25    continue to yield? 


                                                               2901

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And that's 

 7    understood, Senator.  And I think if the 

 8    underlying crime were not an A misdemeanor -- 

 9    say, it were a class B misdemeanor, like this 

10    offense, if it wasn't an A misdemeanor or felony, 

11    then they couldn't be charged, though, is that 

12    fair to say?  

13                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

14    Madam President, that's correct.

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

16    continue to yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   So, Senator, just 

23    to get a little bit more specific, somewhat 

24    technical, under the Penal Law Section 70.35 

25    there's a merger doctrine where determinate 


                                                               2902

 1    sentences merge with indeterminate sentences.  

 2                 So for example, if someone were 

 3    committing a robbery with a mask, in full 

 4    violation of this charge, and they were convicted 

 5    of robbery and sent upstate, isn't it true that 

 6    this crime, the evading arrest by concealment of 

 7    identity, would have zero effect on their 

 8    sentence because, under the sentencing 

 9    guidelines, you can't run it consecutively 

10    because it's a misdemeanor, and because it's a 

11    maximum of 90 days, if they were maxed out, it 

12    would just simply merge and run concurrently so 

13    there would be no additional penalty for 

14    committing this offense?

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

16    Madam President, that's correct.  

17                 And I understand where the nice 

18    Senator is going on this hypothetical, but I 

19    think it's important to point out that that 

20    underlying robbery charge would have a 

21    consequential sentencing.  And this is not 

22    seeking to address that underlying, but to get 

23    very specifically at the activity prescribed in 

24    the statute.

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 


                                                               2903

 1    Senator.  

 2                 Madam President, on the bill.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 4    Palumbo on the bill.

 5                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 6    Senator Myrie.  And I appreciate that, and I 

 7    appreciate your candor.  

 8                 And that's what we all need to 

 9    understand here, that once again, this was lauded 

10    to be saving New York.  It does anything but.  

11                 This is a crime that can't be 

12    charged standing alone. It cannot -- someone is 

13    wearing a mask and broadcasting that they're 

14    wearing it to conceal their identity, they're 

15    wearing it to avoid arrest for some action that 

16    they may commit in the future, criminal 

17    conduct -- they can actually admit all of that, 

18    and a police officer doesn't even have probable 

19    cause.  The police officer cannot charge them 

20    with anything.  

21                 So quite frankly, this new Part DD 

22    is telling the world, you know what you should 

23    do, you should wear a mask if you're going to 

24    commit a crime.  Because nothing's going to 

25    happen to you unless you get caught for the 


                                                               2904

 1    crime.  Then, so what, it just merges and there's 

 2    no additional penalties.  

 3                 The smart thing to do would have 

 4    been to create an enhancement, like we do in our 

 5    Penal Law every day.  You commit a robbery, 

 6    acting in concert with someone, it becomes a 

 7    higher elevated robbery.  You have a weapon, it 

 8    enhances the penalty for engaging in additional 

 9    unlawful conduct.

10                 This doesn't do that.

11                 So sadly, Madam President, this 

12    again, to repeat my last comments, this is a 

13    nothing burger.  Unfortunately, this is nothing.  

14    Because the level of offense that needs to be 

15    committed in order to even be charged with it is, 

16    under our law, a mandatory concurrent sentence 

17    with whatever happens here.  Meaning that they 

18    run together, for those of you who don't know 

19    what we're talking about.  

20                 So, Madam President, this was 

21    well-intended, I'm sure, but it doesn't get us to 

22    where we need to go.

23                 Thank you.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

25    you, Senator.


                                                               2905

 1                 Senator Rhoads, why do you rise?

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

 3    Madam President.  I was hoping that Senator Myrie 

 4    might yield to a few more questions on Part DD.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 6    Senator yield?  

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    Senator yields.

10                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

11    Senator Myrie.  Thank you, Madam President.  

12    Through you, of course, Madam President.  

13                 Through the questioning of 

14    Senator Palumbo it appears as though there is no 

15    ability for a police officer to effectuate an 

16    arrest based simply upon the fact that an 

17    individual is wearing a mask for the purpose of 

18    concealing their identity.  Is that correct?

19                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, this is an additional criminal 

21    charge that requires for there to be the 

22    commission or the evasion of a crime happening 

23    separate from wearing a mask.

24                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

25    continue to yield? 


                                                               2906

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 2    sponsor yield? 

 3                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR RHOADS:   But so I'm correct 

 7    in my understanding, another crime has to be 

 8    committed in order for that first crime to even 

 9    be charged, correct?  

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   I'm sorry, could 

11    you just repeat that?

12                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Sure.  Another 

13    crime has to be committed in order for that first 

14    crime of wearing a mask for the purpose of 

15    concealing your identity to even be charged, 

16    correct?  

17                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

18    Madam President, that's correct.  Concealing your 

19    identity in and of itself is not a crime.

20                 SENATOR FELDER:   So -- will the 

21    sponsor continue to yield.  Sorry. 

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               2907

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   So in the case, 

 3    for example, just looking to a few examples over 

 4    the course of the past year, an attempted robbery 

 5    and assault of a female student on the campus of 

 6    Oakland University by a group of masked 

 7    individuals, a slashing which occurred at 

 8    Hofstra University by another group of masked 

 9    individuals, a man attacked last June on the 45 

10    train in the New York City subway system -- 

11    again, by a mob of masked individuals -- would 

12    any of those individuals have been able to be 

13    charged if they were never caught because they 

14    concealed their identity?

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

16    Madam President, I just want to make sure I 

17    understand the hypothetical.  

18                 Someone having --

19                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Well, it's a 

20    reality.  These things actually happened --

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

22    Rhoads.  Senator Rhoads.

23                 SENATOR MYRIE:   I just want to make 

24    sure I'm --

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               2908

 1    sponsor has the floor.

 2                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yeah, I just want 

 3    to make sure I understand what you're asking.  

 4                 Could someone be charged in any 

 5    circumstance if they were not caught?  Is that 

 6    what you're asking?

 7                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Correct.

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.  If you're not 

 9    caught, you will not be charged.

10                 SENATOR RHOADS:   If the sponsor 

11    will continue to yield.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR RHOADS:   So if a 

18    prospective criminal, someone who intends to do 

19    harm, is wearing a mask for the purpose of 

20    concealing their identity and then goes ahead and 

21    commits the crime, but because they're wearing a 

22    mask to conceal their identity, this bill does 

23    nothing to allow the police to try and prevent 

24    that crime from happening.

25                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 


                                                               2909

 1    Madam President, the -- so first I think you're 

 2    asking a law enforcement question about their 

 3    ability to get someone who is either committing a 

 4    crime or trying to evade one.  

 5                 But it's important to note here that 

 6    if you look to lines 6 and 7, that it talks about 

 7    not just the commission of a felony or Class A 

 8    misdemeanor but -- or in the immediate flight 

 9    therefrom.  And that is added to I think get at 

10    what you're trying to say, in that if you are not 

11    able in the immediate instance to catch someone 

12    in the commission of a crime, this also catches 

13    activity for someone trying to evade a crime.  

14    And it allows for them to bring their charge just 

15    like all of our criminal statutes.  If someone is 

16    not caught, they will not be charged.  But this 

17    is meant to -- if someone is committing a crime 

18    and concealing their identity with the purposes 

19    of evading being arrested, then that is an 

20    additional charge that can be brought by the 

21    prosecution.

22                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, Senator 

23    Myrie.  Will the sponsor continue to yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield? 


                                                               2910

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:  Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR RHOADS:   But if the purpose 

 5    of wearing the mask is to conceal one's identity, 

 6    why wouldn't we make that a crime in and of 

 7    itself?  

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President.  I think the Senator is 

10    suggesting that we criminalize the mere 

11    concealing of your identity.  And that is not 

12    what this bill does.

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

14    continue to yield? 

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

16    sponsor yield? 

17                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    sponsor yields.  

20                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I'm aware of that 

21    fact.  But if someone can only be arrested upon 

22    the commission of a crime if they can be 

23    identified by the victim, why wouldn't we make 

24    the wearing of a mask for the purpose of 

25    concealing your identity itself a crime, to try 


                                                               2911

 1    and prevent that or to try and help the victim 

 2    identify who it was that actually committed the 

 3    crime?  

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  We believe that there may be 

 6    constitutional issues and that that may be overly 

 7    broad to criminalize merely the wearing or 

 8    concealing of one's identity.  

 9                 And the statute also points out that 

10    there is a legitimate purpose -- analysis that 

11    has to be undergone and there are legitimate 

12    purposes of why someone might be wearing a mask.

13                 So the coupling of that with the 

14    intent to prevent their identification or 

15    apprehension or arrest for a crime is I think the 

16    narrow behavior, the narrow activity that this is 

17    aimed at.

18                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

19    continue to yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

21    sponsor yield? 

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Well, I know you 


                                                               2912

 1    mentioned prospective constitutional challenges, 

 2    but we really don't have to reinvent the wheel.  

 3    We had a law, Penal Law Section 190.90 and 

 4    190.91, which was on the books for 175 years 

 5    before that law was repealed back in 2020 under 

 6    the guise of the COVID pandemic, which would have 

 7    made it a crime to wear a mask when you're in a 

 8    group of three or more individuals who are 

 9    congregating in a public place.  

10                 Why wouldn't we simply put that 

11    back, that law, which withstood constitutional 

12    challenges and was found to be perfectly 

13    legitimate -- why wouldn't we put that back in 

14    place to give victims the tools that they would 

15    need to be able to actually help the police 

16    apprehend people who are assaulting them?  

17                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

18    Madam President.  That law cited by the Senator 

19    was actually a violation.  And what we are 

20    discussing today is a stronger penalty.  This is 

21    now in our penal statute and gets to the specific 

22    behavior of trying to prevent criminal activity 

23    while someone is concealing their identity for 

24    purposes of committing that crime or evading that 

25    crime.


                                                               2913

 1                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 2    continue to yield? 

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I beg to differ, 

 9    Senator Myrie.

10                 That previous statute actually made 

11    it a Class B misdemeanor to wear the mask for the 

12    purpose of deceiving {sic} one's identity and a 

13    Class A misdemeanor to commit another crime while 

14    wearing the mask for the purpose of concealing 

15    your identity.

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

17    Madam President, I believe my colleague is 

18    referencing the wrong statute.  You mentioned the 

19    one that was initially instituted in 1845 here in 

20    the State of New York, and that was suspended for 

21    purposes of COVID in 2020.  That was a violation.  

22    This is a crime.

23                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

24    continue to yield.  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 


                                                               2914

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I've just been 

 6    advised that there may be a separate loitering 

 7    statute, 240.35, which accomplished what I was 

 8    talking about.

 9                 I do have a --

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Are you 

11    on the bill, Senator Rhoads?  

12                 SENATOR RHOADS:   No, no, no.  

13                 I do have -- I do have legislation, 

14    S723, which actually reestablishes the former 

15    Section 190.90, 190.91, which establishes the 

16    crime of deceptive wearing of a mask and 

17    aggravated deceptive wearing of a mask, making 

18    those crimes respectively a Class B and Class A 

19    misdemeanor, which was a restatement of the law 

20    which was repealed.

21                 Would that not be a more effective 

22    method in comparison to the legislation that is 

23    advanced today as Part DD, which would actually 

24    assist in identifying those who are committing 

25    criminal activity and making the public safer?


                                                               2915

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President.  As you know, we are a 

 3    legislative body where we all have the ability to 

 4    introduce and discuss legislation.  And I'm not 

 5    going to opine on the efficacy of a bill not yet 

 6    before the house and not yet on the precipice of 

 7    being signed into law.  But happy to discuss the 

 8    bill outside of this context.

 9                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I appreciate that, 

10    Senator Myrie.  

11                 On the bill.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

13    Rhoads on the bill.

14                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Madam President -- 

15    and I want to thank Senator Myrie for his 

16    comments.  

17                 The sad reality is that any of the 

18    crimes that I referenced previously and any of 

19    the hundreds of crimes that have taken place 

20    since the repeal of the mask statute as a result 

21    of COVID in 2020, the legislation that's being 

22    advanced today as Part DD will not assist in 

23    preventing any of those crimes.  

24                 The whole idea, the whole purpose of 

25    wearing a mask to conceal your identity is to 


                                                               2916

 1    conceal your identity.  If that in and of itself 

 2    is not a crime, if it's not legitimate, if you're 

 3    not wearing a mask for the purpose of health 

 4    reasons, if you're not wearing a mask as a result 

 5    of participation in some masquerade activity, if 

 6    you are truly wearing a mask for the purpose of 

 7    concealing your identity and then go out and 

 8    commit another crime, but the victim can't 

 9    identify who it was that assaulted them, who it 

10    was that stabbed them, who it was that robbed 

11    them, what's the point of the legislation at all?  

12                 You can only charge someone with 

13    Part DD if they're caught.  But wearing a mask to 

14    conceal your identity makes it much, much harder 

15    for the victim and for law enforcement to be able 

16    to identify you for the purpose of being caught.  

17    So what in fact is the point?  If the point is to 

18    try and keep people safe, Part DD accomplishes 

19    nothing in helping to keep people safe.

20                 I'd like to turn, Madam President, 

21    if you would permit me to do so, to -- I'm 

22    actually not sure what the part section is, but 

23    to the issue of zero-emission buses.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Before I 

25    ask the sponsor to yield, I'd like to remind the 


                                                               2917

 1    members to please direct all comments and 

 2    questions through the chair.  

 3                 Will the sponsor yield?  

 4                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR MAYER:   And I believe you 

 8    mean Part A, Senator.

 9                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you very 

10    much.  I appreciate it, Senator Mayer.

11                 Is this legislation an 

12    acknowledgment of the fact that school districts 

13    and bus companies are going to have a difficult 

14    time complying with the electric school bus 

15    mandate?

16                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

17    Madam President, this -- these provisions dealing 

18    with electric school buses reflect our continued 

19    commitment to ensure that we move towards full 

20    implementation of the requirements of electric 

21    school buses for schools, with acknowledgment of 

22    the challenges that we hear from our districts 

23    about some of the problems they face in meeting 

24    that requirement.  

25                 So to the extent that we hear and 


                                                               2918

 1    respond to our school districts, yes, that's what 

 2    we're doing here.

 3                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 4    continue to yield?  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you.  And 

11    through you, Madam President.  

12                 Can you articulate what some of 

13    those challenges might be for school districts 

14    and bus companies?

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

16    Madam President, I can tell you what's in this 

17    section of the bill, which intends to respond to 

18    them.  And one is a modification of the extension 

19    that is permissible for districts that are having 

20    challenges.  

21                 Current law allows one extension up 

22    to 24 months for the compliance.  This law will 

23    allow two 24-month extensions.  Basically, you 

24    get an extra four years to comply with the law.  

25    That is one of the provisions in here.  


                                                               2919

 1                 And in order to get that extension, 

 2    you have to show good faith in having worked with 

 3    NYSERDA through the process of trying to comply 

 4    with the law.

 5                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 6    continue to yield?

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

13    Senator.

14                 And through you, Madam President, 

15    some of the challenges that have been brought to 

16    my attention were the supply of buses, that 

17    school districts and bus companies are having a 

18    difficult time getting buses from the two 

19    companies that actually provide those buses 

20    because we've created an artificial demand.  

21                 Another concern that's been raised 

22    to me is the bus cost.  Right?  Those buses cost 

23    anywhere from two to three times what a diesel 

24    bus would cost, and districts have to come up 

25    with the money to be able to afford that.  


                                                               2920

 1                 Infrastructure costs.  Right now the 

 2    mandate is that by June 1st of 2027, no school 

 3    district is allowed or bus company is allowed to 

 4    purchase a non-electric school bus.  

 5                 Battery danger.  One of the concerns 

 6    that I've raised on this floor before is the fact 

 7    that fire suppression systems do not exist on 

 8    these buses to date, which would eliminate the 

 9    danger of electric bus fires and those 

10    batteries -- the sudden combustion and the rapid 

11    spread of the intense fire.  

12                 There are concerns about the safety 

13    of students on those buses.  And the cost of the 

14    electric grid and the capacity to be able to 

15    handle some of these.  

16                 With those concerns having been 

17    raised -- and I don't know if you've heard some 

18    of those same concerns, but I can't imagine that 

19    we haven't -- why wouldn't we simply extend the 

20    effective date of the statute as opposed to 

21    requiring each school district and each bus 

22    company to jump through the hoop of having to 

23    apply, having to demonstrate an attempt at 

24    good-faith compliance to problems that we already 

25    know exist?  


                                                               2921

 1                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President.  Let me first clarify that on 

 3    the issue of cost, yes, we have heard it.  And I 

 4    would point out that the Environmental Bond Act 

 5    has $500 million allocated for the cost of 

 6    electric school buses.  And there's an additional 

 7    $100 million in this year's capital bill, which 

 8    we hopefully will vote on later today, for this 

 9    purpose.

10                 So I think that the arguments of 

11    school districts, some of which are legitimate 

12    and others of which I think are less authentic, 

13    can be met by the fact that the state is putting 

14    a substantial -- hundreds of millions of dollars 

15    in to help districts meet this requirement.  

16                 Now, on the second point of why we 

17    don't simply have an extension, the point is we 

18    know that both students, staff and the community 

19    at large will benefit by moving towards electric 

20    school buses.  And we care about those issues.  

21    And we're not willing to defer them forever.  We 

22    have a requirement that new purchases at 2027, 

23    but ultimately 2035.  We have built in 

24    substantial time for districts to comply.  We 

25    continue to work with them.


                                                               2922

 1                 And the other point I'd like to make 

 2    is that we have also included in this bill an 

 3    independent range verification to require that 

 4    any of the sellers of these buses provide a 

 5    third-party range estimate to address other 

 6    concerns.  

 7                 So we have heard what school 

 8    districts have said.  We've worked cooperatively 

 9    with them multiple times.  And I think we'd made 

10    huge strides here by putting so much money in as 

11    well as additional flexibility for districts, 

12    because we want this requirement to be met.

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

14    Senator.  

15                 Will the sponsor continue to yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR RHOADS:   So in the capital 

22    plan it's the intention of the Majority to 

23    provide $100 million for electric school bus 

24    purchases, is that correct?

25                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.  The answer is 


                                                               2923

 1    yes.  There's a hundred million dollars for 

 2    electric school buses within other provisions of 

 3    the capital budget.

 4                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And will the 

 5    sponsor continue to yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    Senator yields.

11                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Through you, 

12    Madam President.  A hundred million dollars at a 

13    cost of $400,000 per bus, do you know how many 

14    buses that actually provides?

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   I'm sure someone 

16    can do the math for me.  But I would say that is 

17    not the only source.  

18                 These are reimbursable purchases.  

19    As you are well aware, when a school purchases a 

20    bus, a percentage of it is reimbursed as a 

21    capital expense.  So that 100 million, coupled 

22    with the 500 million, coupled with the 

23    reimbursable cost, coupled with the fact that we 

24    hope to be able to negotiate with bus companies 

25    to get a fair price -- not an excessive price -- 


                                                               2924

 1    I'm very confident that school districts can meet 

 2    it, and in fact a number of districts have 

 3    already gone ahead and done so.

 4                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 5    continue to yield?

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield? 

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.  

11                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I believe that the 

12    answer to the question is 1500.

13                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

14    Madam President, I think our math is not the same 

15    over here.  That being said -- 

16                 SENATOR RHOADS:   (Inaudible.)

17                 SENATOR MAYER:   That being said, I 

18    stand by my answer to the question before.  There 

19    is adequate money to meet the needs of these 

20    districts.  We will continue to work with them 

21    and be partners with them in order to comply.

22                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

23    continue to yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               2925

 1                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you.  

 5                 Through you, Madam President.  You 

 6    mentioned a $100 million fund that's provided in 

 7    capital spending this year.  You've mentioned a 

 8    $500 million fund that is available through the 

 9    Environmental Bond Act, I believe.

10                 The complete cost at $400,000 per 

11    school bus is in excess of $20 billion to replace 

12    the 45,000 school buses, according to NYSERDA, 

13    that will have to be replaced as a result of this 

14    plan.

15                 Where is that additional money 

16    supposed to come from?  

17                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

18    Madam President.  As I've mentioned, one, some of 

19    the purchase cost is reimbursable from the State 

20    Education Department, under current law.  

21                 Secondly, there is the opportunity 

22    to get extensions on the purchase of these buses 

23    that we've included here.  

24                 Thirdly, for some period of time 

25    there was federal money which a number of 


                                                               2926

 1    districts have used in order to do studies and 

 2    for purchase price.  And if the federal 

 3    government doesn't modify some of those rules and 

 4    continues to extend that money, that would be 

 5    another helpful source.

 6                 But I don't think we're going to 

 7    walk away from the safety of our children, the 

 8    staff, the school bus driver, and the communities 

 9    in which these buses operate in order to simply 

10    say we can't afford it.  We will -- we have and 

11    we will continue to find a way to afford these 

12    buses.

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

14    continue to yield.  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

16    sponsor yield? 

17                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

21    Senator Mayer.  

22                 Through you, Madam President.  What 

23    I hear, unfortunately, is -- seems to be a lot of 

24    hope and a lot of planning and a lot of "we 

25    intend to," "we hope that."


                                                               2927

 1                 Has the state provided the State 

 2    Education Department with $20 billion to fund the 

 3    buses?

 4                 SENATOR MAYER:   I'm sorry, would 

 5    you repeat that?

 6                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Well, I know you 

 7    mentioned that the State Education Department 

 8    would be providing some assistance.  Is there 

 9    anywhere in this budget, anything providing 

10    $20 billion to the State Education Department to 

11    cover the cost of these buses for individual 

12    school districts and bus companies?  

13                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

14    Madam President.  As I think my colleague knows, 

15    expenses that are legitimately reimbursable 

16    through the State Education Department are 

17    subject to the district supplying the necessary 

18    documentation, and they are reimbursed for a 

19    portion.

20                 I don't believe that there is an 

21    additional amount that has to be put in the 

22    budget.  Those costs are reimbursable on an 

23    annual basis.  You will see it in the school aid 

24    run.

25                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 


                                                               2928

 1    continue to yield?

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 3    sponsor yield? 

 4                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you.

 8                 And through you, Madam President.  

 9    But does the State Education -- you're putting a 

10    mandate on schools right now.  Does the State 

11    Education Department right now have the ability 

12    to reimburse school districts the cost of 

13    $20 billion if every school district complied 

14    immediately?  

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

16    Madam President.  The State Education Department 

17    applies the money that is required under the law, 

18    which is a partial reimbursement based on their 

19    rate of reimbursement.  The money is not 

20    allocated to the State Education Department.  It 

21    comes from the Division of Budget.  

22                 And yes, I don't believe there is 

23    any shortfall in reimbursing for mandatorily 

24    included expenses like purchase of a school bus.

25                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 


                                                               2929

 1    continue to yield.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Well, you spoke 

 8    about partial reimbursement and you mentioned 

 9    that the State Education Department has the 

10    resources to be able to reimburse school 

11    districts.  So those two things seem to be 

12    competing.  Right?  

13                 So what do you anticipate the actual 

14    cost to a district being to replace their school 

15    buses?

16                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

17    Madam President.  It would depend on the purchase 

18    price.  And our hope is with the increased demand 

19    by virtue of the existing law that school bus -- 

20    the companies that manufacture and distribute 

21    these buses will lower their prices at the rate 

22    of demand here in New York State.  And in fact I 

23    know I have met with a number of bus companies 

24    that are very anxious to get into the market and 

25    have a competitive price here in New York.


                                                               2930

 1                 So I'm confident that the market 

 2    will respond in a way that actually facilitates 

 3    the purchase of these buses.

 4                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And will the 

 5    sponsor continue to yield.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.  

11                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Again, we're using 

12    the terminology "hope" and "confidence" and we 

13    think that this will all come together.  Do we 

14    know right now whether there's even the capacity 

15    to be able to construct 45,000 electric school 

16    buses in the next four years?  

17                 SENATOR MAYER:   Well, through you, 

18    Madam President, as you may recall, I believe it 

19    was last year we directed NYSERDA to take an even 

20    more assertive role in assisting school districts 

21    in the purchase of these buses -- identifying 

22    vendors, giving them instruction on reimbursable 

23    expenses.  They are the partner that has been 

24    named to help assist in this.

25                 The issue of the funding, which I 


                                                               2931

 1    believe is well addressed in this budget and in 

 2    the Environmental Bond Act, we will continue to 

 3    deal with.  But there's also an external market 

 4    of the producers of these buses.  And we are 

 5    confident that as the demand increases for all of 

 6    New York State -- and by the way, other states 

 7    have done this -- the cost will not be 

 8    prohibitive and districts will be able to move 

 9    forward as, I would note, a number of districts 

10    already have.

11                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

12    continue to yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.  

18                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Senator -- through 

19    you, Madam President -- we keep referring to the 

20    $100 million that's in this year's capital plan, 

21    in comparison to a $20 billion cost.  That is a 

22    $200 expense to a school district, with a promise 

23    that we're going to pay a dollar.  

24                 How does that equate?  How is it 

25    possible that the taxpayer in individual school 


                                                               2932

 1    districts is not going to wind up bearing the 

 2    brunt of this mandate that we've created?  

 3                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.  One, I think the idea that this 

 5    is half of cost, or whatever you are actually 

 6    suggesting, Senator, I think is inaccurate.

 7                 SENATOR RHOADS:   (Inaudible.)

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Excuse me.  There's 

 9    a range of reimbursement available for the 

10    purchase of these buses.  I've mentioned that.  

11    Environmental Bond Act, the money in this budget, 

12    reimbursement based on existing law.  When you 

13    buy a bus now, a portion of it is reimbursed.  

14    That is the same when you buy an electric school 

15    bus.

16                 And the cost of operating these 

17    buses over time is going to be far less than a 

18    diesel bus that you currently have.

19                 So it is not accurate to say that 

20    half of the cost, by this 100 million, will be 

21    met and the balance will be met by the local 

22    school district.  There are a range of resources 

23    available -- I think I've made that very clear -- 

24    that are available to every district in order to 

25    meet this requirement.  And if they have 


                                                               2933

 1    additional problems, they can get up to a second 

 2    extension of time.

 3                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 4    continue to yield.  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.  

10                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

11    Senator.

12                 We've identified a -- so far you've 

13    identified a potential pool of $600 million in 

14    available aid versus a $20 billion cost to -- 

15    potential cost to school districts and to bus 

16    companies who then contract with our school 

17    districts.  What happens if a school district 

18    cannot afford it?

19                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, this law gave a very long runway 

21    for schools to comply.  And the point of that 

22    long runway was to allow schools, one, to look at 

23    every option to ensure the state assisted as 

24    necessary.  If there were technical issues, that 

25    we would deal with them through NYSERDA.  And 


                                                               2934

 1    that there is funding available through 

 2    traditional reimbursement sources.  

 3                 As you would say today when a school 

 4    needs to buy a new bus, when some portion of it 

 5    must be borne by the district and another portion 

 6    is reimbursed, this is far in excess of what 

 7    currently occurs for a diesel school bus.

 8                 So again, I'm confident that the 

 9    money is there.  The school districts on balance 

10    want to comply with this.  They look forward to 

11    having healthier school buses for their children 

12    and those that are on the bus and the communities 

13    in which these buses travel.  

14                 So I am very confident that we've 

15    given enough time for districts to comply.

16                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

17    continue to yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.  

23                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

24    Senator.  Through you, Madam President.  

25                 Let's take, for example, a school 


                                                               2935

 1    district like the Levittown School District, 

 2    which owns a fleet of just over 80 buses.  The 

 3    projected cost to that school district will be 

 4    $38 million, not including the infrastructure 

 5    cost of building a facility that can actually 

 6    maintain those buses.  Not to mention that 

 7    20 percent of those buses may be out of service 

 8    at any given time, so they will have to purchase 

 9    additional buses to make up for the ones that are 

10    out of service.

11                 There is no district that can absorb 

12    that as part of their regular operating expense.  

13    It will have to be done through bonding.  How 

14    does this law account for what happens if the 

15    voters simply don't approve the bond?  

16                 SENATOR MAYER:   This bill does not 

17    deal with what happens in that circumstance.  

18    That would be the same as currently what would 

19    happen when a school wanted to have an expense 

20    that was not passed by the voters.  Either they 

21    have to come to the Legislature and look for 

22    additional assistance, which is always a 

23    possibility -- and in fact, as I think you know, 

24    Senator, we assist many districts with 

25    district-specific needs.  


                                                               2936

 1                 And as well your calculation omits 

 2    this fact that a portion of their existing 

 3    reimbursement is already covered by state law.

 4                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 5    continue to yield.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Would there be a 

12    penalty to a school district like Levittown that 

13    didn't comply by 2035?  

14                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  If I am standing here in 2035, 

16    I will know better.  But I hope not to be 

17    standing here in 2035.  And I do not anticipate 

18    there will be a penalty.  I suspect in the 

19    intervening years, to the extent that there are 

20    additional problems, the Legislature will 

21    continue to respond to them.

22                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

23    Senator.  

24                 On the bill.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 


                                                               2937

 1    Rhoads on the bill.

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   We have the latest 

 3    example of this state attempting to mandate 

 4    something into existence, recognizing that what 

 5    they've mandated can't be accomplished in the 

 6    time frames, yet continuing to beat our head into 

 7    the wall and ignore reality.  

 8                 The simple fact of the matter is 

 9    that districts cannot absorb a $20 billion cost 

10    in and of themselves.  And it's $20 billion, by 

11    the way, today.  Because we've now created an 

12    artificial demand for these electric buses, the 

13    prices, based on market forces, will not be 

14    coming down by magic.  Those prices will be going 

15    up.  Meaning that the ultimate price tag is going 

16    to be more expensive.  

17                 And as much as we try to legislate 

18    things into existence, these companies only have 

19    a certain capacity to be able to build these 

20    buses.  So supply is an absolute problem.  Which 

21    again this legislation, by making districts jump  

22    through hoops rather than recognizing the error 

23    of our ways and simply extending the deadline, 

24    continues to ignore.

25                 We have issues with respect to bus 


                                                               2938

 1    cost, the financial demand upon these districts.  

 2    We've identified a bunch of sources, right -- 

 3    we've spoken about the $100 million, as I equated 

 4    it to a dollar in exchange for the $200 expense 

 5    that these districts are going to have to bear.  

 6    That's what a hundred million dollars equates to.

 7                 The Environmental Bond Act fund of 

 8    $500 million, which probably at this point has 

 9    been spent five times over on different things.  

10    But let's assume that that pool of money is 

11    there.  

12                 Districts are going to be the ones 

13    that are going to have to absorb that cost.  And 

14    if your district doesn't own a fleet, trust me, 

15    your district is still going to have to pay that 

16    cost when they contract with a private bus 

17    company who is going to have to pay that cost, 

18    who probably doesn't have access to the funds 

19    that we're talking about that the state is 

20    supposedly providing.

21                 We have infrastructure costs.  It's 

22    not enough to simply buy the buses.  You have to 

23    be able to charge the buses.  You have to be able 

24    to service the buses.  You have to have employees 

25    who -- mechanics who are going to know how to 


                                                               2939

 1    work on these buses.  Nothing's been done to 

 2    address those costs.  

 3                 You have the battery danger, which 

 4    we continue to whistle past the graveyard on this 

 5    issue.  We are all aware of the prevalence of 

 6    e-bike fires.  We have all seen the videos of 

 7    what a small battery pack --

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Excuse 

 9    me, Senator Rhoads.  You have exceeded your 

10    debate time limit.

11                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thirty minutes?

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Yes.  By 

13    much.  Thank you, Senator.  

14                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Oh, I apologize.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

16    you, Senator.

17                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And grid cost.   

18                 Thank you, Madam President.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

20    you, Senator.

21                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I would encourage 

22    my colleagues to vote no.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

24    you.

25                 Senator Borrello.


                                                               2940

 1                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Why do 

 3    you rise?

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Just because we 

 5    haven't beaten this horse to death yet, could we 

 6    have a further conversation on Part A, 

 7    zero-emission buses?

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 9    Senator yield?

10                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes, happy to 

11    yield.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    Senator yields.  

14                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  New York State is a vastly 

16    different place -- the five boroughs, Long 

17    Island, upstate New York.  Where I live, school 

18    bus routes can be long and in subzero 

19    temperatures.  

20                 So I guess my question is, we all 

21    know that there are school districts that just 

22    cannot afford this currently.  But more 

23    importantly, we don't know if it's feasible.  Why 

24    would we not have a pilot program to test this in 

25    urban, suburban and rural areas to actually see 


                                                               2941

 1    if this is viable?  Why can't we take that 

 2    commonsense step?  

 3                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President, in the first place, I do want to 

 5    reassert this independent range verification that 

 6    was added specifically to address the concerns of 

 7    rural communities that somehow buses -- there 

 8    would be misrepresentation of their ability to 

 9    handle hills, long distances, snowy weather, all 

10    the things that are particular concerns of rural 

11    communities.  We've heard them loud and clear.  

12    That's why we added this provision, Part A, 

13    Section 12(c). 

14                 Secondly, again, let me just say 

15    that our Majority has a commitment to the 

16    long-term health and safety of these students and 

17    our community.  The decision to require electric 

18    school buses over a lengthy period of time was 

19    done because of our commitment to a cleaner 

20    environment for these students, the people that 

21    work on the buses, and the communities they 

22    serve.

23                 So we're not backing away from that.  

24    We're showing flexibility in the implementation.  

25    And I think the flexibility reflects the 


                                                               2942

 1    particular concerns of districts like yours, 

 2    Senator, that have raised some issues about the 

 3    ability of buses to meet this need.

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

 5    will the sponsor continue to yield.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So what happens 

12    when a manufacturer says, We cannot provide a bus 

13    to this particular school district to meet this 

14    particular demand?  What will happen?

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   Well, through you, 

16    Madam President, I would point out that my 

17    experience with the bus companies is that they 

18    are anxious to come in this market and meet the 

19    need.  If they have to modify some of the 

20    provisions of their bus in order to get the money 

21    for selling their buses in New York State, which 

22    is going to have basically an entire state move 

23    to this, they're anxious to do so.

24                 So we have met with companies that 

25    are in other states that are anxious to get into 


                                                               2943

 1    the New York market.  I hope NYSERDA and OGS work 

 2    to develop model contracts for school bus 

 3    companies to use to achieve both the best price 

 4    and the best product for every district.

 5                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

 6    will the sponsor continue to yield.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Yeah, I didn't 

13    hear an answer to my question.  When a school bus 

14    company that provides a school bus says we do not 

15    have a bus that has the range under these 

16    conditions to meet the need of the school 

17    district, what will happen?  

18                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

19    Madam President, the district would have to find 

20    another company that has a bus that can meet the 

21    range.

22                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

23    will the sponsor continue to yield.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               2944

 1                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.  

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So you're saying 

 5    we have to find something that doesn't exist in 

 6    order to meet the mandate from New York State.  

 7    If no one has a bus that can meet the demands of 

 8    a particular district, what's going to happen?

 9                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

10    Madam President.  The waiver that I described, 

11    which is extended here, does provide an explicit 

12    provision that the waiver can be granted if there 

13    is not availability within the marketplace.

14                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

15    will the sponsor continue to yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield? 

18                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Before 

20    the sponsor yields, Senator, I would like to 

21    remind you to address your questions at the chair 

22    and not directly at the sponsor.  

23                 Thank you.

24                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you.  

25    Through you, Madam President.


                                                               2945

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 2    you.  Will the sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR MAYER:  Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.  

 6                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President.  What are we going to do for a 

 8    technology that does not exist in order to meet a 

 9    mandate that cannot be met?

10                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

11    Madam President.  I believe I've answered that 

12    quite clearly.  

13                 One, if the actual bus is not 

14    obtainable for the reasons that my colleague is 

15    suggesting, the district would seek a waiver and 

16    a second waiver if necessary.

17                 Secondly, I am confident that in our 

18    market-driven economy, the bus manufacturers have 

19    and will continue to perfect their product so 

20    that it works for every district, as it has in 

21    other parts of the United States.

22                 New York is not the only state in 

23    the union that is moving towards electric school 

24    buses.

25                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 


                                                               2946

 1    will the sponsor continue to yield.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So those two 

 8    extensions total a total of 48 months, two years?

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Are you 

10    asking the chair a question?  

11                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Yes, I am asking 

12    you to ask her, if she doesn't mind.  

13                 (Laughter.)

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   So 

15    through the chair -- 

16                 (Laughter.)  

17                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

18    what happens after 48 months?

19                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

20    Madam President.  The law we are enacting today 

21    will allow a second 24-month extension.  That is 

22    two 24-month extensions.  That is 8 years of an 

23    extension, if I'm -- 24 months is two years.  

24    Four years of an extension in order to comply.

25                 I'm confident that if we are not 


                                                               2947

 1    able to comply within four years of finding buses 

 2    that can meet every district, we will revisit 

 3    that issue.  Our door remains open, as it has.  

 4    We've met with districts throughout the state 

 5    that have challenges.  I believe we are 

 6    responding to them.

 7                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

 8    will the sponsor continue to yield.  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So we have a 

15    district that says I cannot meet the demand of 

16    this mandate, we don't have the infrastructure, 

17    we don't have the money, and the technology does 

18    not exist for us to be able to safely transport 

19    our children in particularly dangerous conditions 

20    like the middle of winter.  

21                 But we're going to just say we hope 

22    that something else will come up in the next four 

23    years, technology will change.  And then maybe 

24    we'll reconsider giving them another waiver?  

25    What's the choice here?


                                                               2948

 1                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President.  It's been pointed out to me 

 3    that states like Maine, which have an environment 

 4    that is probably colder and more mountainous than 

 5    most parts of New York State -- other than, I 

 6    would say, the Adirondacks and the Catskills -- 

 7    have managed to do this.  

 8                 I am confident that if in four years 

 9    we do not have the technology that can meet the 

10    needs of every district, those who are in the 

11    Legislature will adopt additional changes in 

12    order to encourage and provide the opportunity 

13    for districts to comply.

14                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

15    if the sponsor will continue to yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So I know that 

22    sometimes the laws of supply and demand evades -- 

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Are you 

24    on the bill, Senator?  

25                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   No, no, I'm 


                                                               2949

 1    questioning.  This is a question.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Okay.  

 3    Because you didn't ask that.

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   What's that?

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   You 

 6    didn't address that.

 7                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Did I ask if I 

 8    could ask a question?

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Good.  

10    Go ahead.

11                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   May I ask a 

12    question?  Thank you.

13                 So the law of supply and demand 

14    already often evades people.  We already have a 

15    backlog of a couple of years for school buses 

16    right now.  When you mandated something I have 

17    yet to see it ever make it cheaper.  When the 

18    government demands that you have to buy 

19    something, it never gets cheaper or better.  

20                 So what makes us think in four years 

21    we're going to have cheaper, better, more 

22    reliable electric school buses when we can't meet 

23    the demand that we have right now because of this 

24    government mandate?  

25                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 


                                                               2950

 1    Madam President.  I appreciate my colleague's 

 2    views of how the economy works.  

 3                 I think that the evidence is pretty 

 4    clear, when there is widespread purchase that is 

 5    going to be required, the market will lend itself 

 6    to lower prices and better vehicles.  And in 

 7    general, that has been the way this process has 

 8    worked.  

 9                 And again, to the extent that it 

10    does not work that way, every year we adopt a 

11    budget this Legislature can modify it.  We 

12    believe we've made substantial modifications here 

13    to address these concerns.  And I'm not sure that 

14    restating them multiple times will change that 

15    outcome.

16                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

17    on the bill.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   On the 

19    bill.  Go ahead.  

20                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

21    Madam President.

22                 So to address the question that was 

23    brought up about the State of Maine, which I 

24    agree with you would have similar conditions, 

25    they're only mandating 75 percent of their buses 


                                                               2951

 1    by 2035, not 100 percent.  Because they know that 

 2    there's going to be places where it's just simply 

 3    not going to work.  

 4                 But not us here.  We haven't figured 

 5    that out yet.

 6                 But what concerns me is we don't 

 7    really have a plan here.  A goal is not a plan.  

 8    The safety of our children is probably the most 

 9    important thing.  I haven't heard anything about 

10    a safety plan for these electric school buses.  

11    We know they burn fast, they burn hot, and we've 

12    seen it happen with EV -- electric vehicles 

13    across the country.  

14                 We know that in cold conditions the 

15    reliability drops, the range drops, and we're 

16    going to have children sitting somewhere in 

17    districts like mine in a dead school bus in the 

18    middle of winter.  That's not something I think 

19    any of us want to sacrifice to reach whatever 

20    ridiculous goal we think we're reaching here.

21                 But let's talk about the costs.  

22    Forty-five thousand school buses in New York 

23    State.  We've allocated enough for about a 

24    thousand.  I know the math was kind of difficult 

25    earlier.  It's about a thousand of 45,000 that 


                                                               2952

 1    we've allocated enough funding for.  That's 

 2    before we start talking about making substantial 

 3    changes to the electrical supply needed.  

 4                 Some districts are being told it's 

 5    going to be a few million dollars to put in a new 

 6    substation.  And by the way, we've got a backlog 

 7    of a couple of years to do that.  We haven't made 

 8    any accommodations for that.

 9                 We haven't made any accommodations 

10    for the fact that right now insurance companies 

11    are waking up to the fact that this is going to 

12    be a disaster.  And they're telling school 

13    districts that have electric school buses:  You 

14    can't keep them inside a building, because the 

15    building might catch fire.  You have to keep them 

16    outside.  What happens if you keep them outside?  

17    Well, it takes longer to charge and costs more 

18    money to charge.  And of course in the middle of 

19    winter we're going to have to clean those school 

20    buses off before they pick up our kids.  

21                 So we haven't thought this through, 

22    not even a little bit, quite frankly.  We just 

23    know that it sounds really good -- we're going to 

24    put our kids on electric school buses.  That 

25    sounds fantastic.  But the cost is not even close 


                                                               2953

 1    to being covered.  And the sacrifice could be the 

 2    safety of our children to meet this ridiculous 

 3    boondoggle mandate.  

 4                 This should not be done, and this 

 5    extension isn't enough.  The money's not there.  

 6    And we don't have a plan.  

 7                 Thank you, Madam President.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 9    you, Senator.

10                 Senator Tedisco.

11                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Thank you, 

12    Madam President.  Would Senator Mayer yield for a 

13    couple of questions, a small discussion?  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    Senator yield?  

16                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    Senator yields.  

19                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Senator, as the 

20    ranking member on the Education Committee, I 

21    really appreciate the opportunity to serve on 

22    such an important committee.  And I appreciate 

23    always working with you.  We don't always agree, 

24    but I appreciate your leadership on that 

25    committee.  It's challenging, as all the 


                                                               2954

 1    committees are, in some of the concerns we have 

 2    in New York State.

 3                 And many of us in this room, I don't 

 4    know how many, have had some experience in the 

 5    field of education.  And I know you've heard me 

 6    say before I had two jobs, primary jobs in my 

 7    life, one -- and both of the jobs I loved 

 8    extremely, loved them a lot.  I loved being the 

 9    Assembly representative there, loved being here 

10    in the Senate.  

11                 But on days when we're troubled with 

12    important things like the budget, you've heard me 

13    often say -- and I say this tongue in cheek -- I 

14    had a real job at one time.  I was an educator, I 

15    was a teacher.  And they're important people in 

16    our state, and we appreciate them.  I just got my 

17    degree in special education down the road and 

18    taught a little bit beyond that at Bethlehem 

19    Central.  I ran a resource room and I did team 

20    teaching in a program called Excel.  And I think 

21    if anyone in this room is honest and they talk to 

22    their constituents, one of the top priorities, if 

23    you ask them, What do you think about education, 

24    it's a big part of our future.  Our kids' 

25    education, a big part of our future for them, but 


                                                               2955

 1    a big part of our future for all of us.  It 

 2    starts right there with a great education for 

 3    them.  

 4                 And ask them about funding, they 

 5    don't mind if we fund education.  But they have a 

 6    caveat.  They want the test scores to be good, to 

 7    go up, they want the graduation rates to be 

 8    there.  And you can't blame them for that, and we 

 9    have an obligation for that.  

10                 So in looking at it holistically 

11    here, one of the real concerns we have in this 

12    state, we've got a shortage of nurses, we've got 

13    a shortage of doctors, we have a shortage of 

14    welders, we have a shortage of electricians.  

15    Plumbers, important.  But we have a pretty good 

16    BOCES program.  But you know what we have a 

17    shortage of for that program?  Educators.  We 

18    have to stimulate an interest in people staying 

19    in New York State to begin with, but getting some 

20    educators there, and I think you agree to that.

21                 For a long period of time we've had 

22    a cap on the salaries for BOCES teachers.  We're 

23    trying to incentivize to get into that field, to 

24    train our kids in these areas.  And we did 

25    something about that.  Would you just explain to 


                                                               2956

 1    us what that cap is all about, how it's been 

 2    changed and what the new guidelines will be in 

 3    the future for the salary extensions for those 

 4    jobs?

 5                 SENATOR MAYER:   Thank you for that  

 6    question very much.  Through you, 

 7    Madam President.  In the first place I do want to 

 8    thank my colleague, the ranker on the committee, 

 9    for being really someone who's very committed to 

10    public education and to teaching.  And I 

11    appreciate the spirit with which we work 

12    together.  

13                 This year we're very proud that 

14    after many years, we were able to change the 

15    reimbursement for our BOCES salary cap as well as 

16    Special Services Aid for those schools that do 

17    not use BOCES.  For BOCES, this year, for the 

18    first time after I would say at least 10 years 

19    that I have been working on this, we are 

20    increasing the aidable salary cap from 30,000 to 

21    60,000 over three years.  And the first increase 

22    will be payable in the '26-'27 school year.  

23                 This means, to my colleague's point, 

24    that we will continue to be able to employ people 

25    who need to make more money, and more of that 


                                                               2957

 1    cost will be reimbursable by the state so that 

 2    our BOCES can continue to employ and build with 

 3    talented teachers and others who can provide 

 4    particularly career and technical education, 

 5    which you and I agree is so important.  We are 

 6    truly investing.  

 7                 And the other is Special Services 

 8    Aid, which is for those districts like the Big 5 

 9    that do not participate in BOCES, as well as 

10    Albany, Newburgh and Hoosick Falls -- and I 

11    believe Mamaroneck, and obviously including 

12    New York City -- those districts are now going to 

13    be reimbursed for career and technical education 

14    in ninth grade.  Over the years they've provided 

15    it, but they did not get reimbursement.

16                 These are very substantial 

17    investments that we are applying to career and 

18    technical education, which I think we all agree 

19    in this chamber are areas that have not been 

20    adequately addressed over the years.  

21                 And so thank you for your support on 

22    that.  This is a very important investment, and 

23    we're thankful that it's made in this budget.

24                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Thank you, 

25    Senator.


                                                               2958

 1                 Will the Senator yield for another 

 2    question.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Yeah.  You know, 

 9    I just built a house because we had another 

10    adventure, and that was redistricting.  And I had 

11    to sell my house and I had to build a new one.  

12                 And I'll tell you something.  Not 

13    only me, but my constituents, when they say, 

14    Senator, I can't get a plumber to come to my 

15    house.  When they do, the cost of that.  Because 

16    they're so scarce, I can't get an electrician.  

17    So the fact of the matter is we have to 

18    incentivize people through a whole variety of 

19    ways to come, stay and live in New York State, 

20    but we have to incentivize them to take -- be 

21    here and take the jobs that are going to be 

22    provided for our constituents.  

23                 So that's why I think that is very 

24    important to incentivize them.

25                 I want to ask you about the English 


                                                               2959

 1    language learner weight, which was increased in 

 2    the Foundation Aid formula.  And I think I know 

 3    why that was increased, but could you explain a 

 4    little bit about the increase in that and what 

 5    that was all about?

 6                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.  Through you, 

 7    Madam President.  In the Foundation Aid formula, 

 8    as we learned if we made it through the Roosevelt 

 9    report, there are all of these component elements 

10    that go into determining how much each public 

11    school should receive for the costs of educating 

12    the students that they educate given the 

13    community in which they are located.  

14                 One of the recommendations of the 

15    report is that English language learner 

16    weighting, which is a component of the Foundation 

17    Aid formula, be increased to reflect the 

18    additional costs that every district that has 

19    English language learners is incurring.  

20                 And I would say, from my visits 

21    around the state and talking to my colleagues, 

22    that so many districts have a significant 

23    additional number of English language learners 

24    than they had 20 years ago when the Foundation 

25    Aid formula, approximately 20 years ago, was 


                                                               2960

 1    started.  The weighting is increased to .53.  It 

 2    is currently .50.  

 3                 And this benefits -- and I want to 

 4    clear up any misconception -- not only urban 

 5    districts or suburban districts, there are rural 

 6    districts throughout the state where the number 

 7    of English language learners and the needs of 

 8    those English language learners has increased, 

 9    particularly as we have young people who are 

10    older enter our school districts, they need to 

11    learn to read and write in English at Grade 6 or 

12    7 as opposed to in kindergarten.  

13                 So this increase in the English 

14    language learner weighting is a very good 

15    development for all the schools in New York.

16                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Thank you very 

17    much for that.

18                 Will the Senator yield for one last 

19    question.

20                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   the 

22    Senator yields.  

23                 SENATOR MAYER:   Happy to yield.

24                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Just wondering 

25    about the expected result for updating the 


                                                               2961

 1    formula by moving from the 2000 Census data with 

 2    the small area income and poverty estimate data.  

 3                 What will -- what are we looking for 

 4    in that?  We've had data that we've used over the 

 5    years, but now we're bringing it in and updating 

 6    it, and I think this is an important part of 

 7    that.

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Thank you.  And 

 9    through you, Madam President.  

10                 We are currently using 2000 Census 

11    data to measure poverty, and we are in 2025.  So 

12    we are way out of date, as you know.  And we are 

13    replacing it with what's called SAIPE data, and 

14    that's basically families that receive some kind 

15    of public assistance will be deemed to be much in 

16    common with the old poverty measurement which is 

17    no longer used in the census data.  So we're 

18    using current data of income needs of the 

19    families in the community in a more current and 

20    more correct way than using 2000 Census data.  

21                 In fact I know in my district people 

22    wrote me absolutely -- completely unable to 

23    accept that we were using 25-year-old data to 

24    measure their districts.  Now we're going to use 

25    current data.  In some districts it's helpful to 


                                                               2962

 1    getting more money; in some districts it's not.  

 2    But it's current, it's accurate, and it's 

 3    data-driven.

 4                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Thank you very 

 5    much, Senator.  Just to close on this part of the 

 6    budget.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 8    Tedisco on the bill.

 9                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   You know, we're 

10    challenged in this state.  We have to face that 

11    we have population loss.  Nothing is going to 

12    keep them better if we develop and keep 

13    increasing the best education system we possibly 

14    can.  And it's important to do everything we can 

15    by funding it, but making sure that funding 

16    answers those questions about graduation rates 

17    and those test scores and we get kids and their 

18    families to stay here.

19                 Thank you so much.  Thank you, 

20    Senator, for your leadership.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

22    you, Senator.

23                 Senator Gianaris.

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

25    I want to take the prerogative to interrupt this 


                                                               2963

 1    debate for a moment to introduce some special 

 2    guests very quickly that we have here in the 

 3    chamber.  

 4                 Today is the Second Annual Nepali 

 5    Community Day here in Albany, and they chose this 

 6    day long before they knew they would be sitting 

 7    here debating the budget.  But they got an 

 8    interesting education in state government, they 

 9    are here in the gallery with us.  

10                 I have the good fortunate of 

11    representing much of the Nepali community in 

12    New York because between Senator Ramos's district 

13    and my own in our parts of Queens -- Sunnyside, 

14    Woodside, Elmhurst, and Jackson Heights -- the 

15    population of the Nepali community has doubled 

16    over the last decade.  They are an important part 

17    of the fabric of New York.  And we're so pleased 

18    that they have joined us here today.  

19                 I also want to mention that they 

20    have invited me to climb Mount Everest with 

21    them -- 

22                 (Laughter.)

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   -- and I think 

24    I'm going to pass them off to Senator John Liu 

25    about that, because he would be happy to do it 


                                                               2964

 1    with them and could probably handle it a lot 

 2    better than I could.

 3                 But if you could please take a 

 4    moment to welcome them to our chamber, extend the 

 5    privileges of the house, and then we can return 

 6    back to the debate.

 7                 Thank you.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 9    you.  

10                 To our guests of the Nepali 

11    community, I welcome you on behalf of the Senate.  

12    We extend to you the privileges and courtesies of 

13    this house.  

14                 Please rise and be recognized.

15                 (Standing ovation.)

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

17    Weber.  (Pause.)

18                 Senator Martins, why do you rise?

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

20    Madam President.  If the sponsor would yield for 

21    a few questions.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   What 

23    section, Senator?  

24                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Section A.  

25    Part A.


                                                               2965

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Part A?  

 2                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes, happy to 

 6    yield.  

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

 8                 Madam President, through you.  

 9    Senator, can you tell us whether or not there's a 

10    difference in the amount that we're being asked 

11    to approve in this budget from what had 

12    originally been proposed by the Governor?

13                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

14    Madam President.  Are you asking about the 

15    Foundation Aid numbers?

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I'm asking about 

17    the Foundation Aid number.

18                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.  Through you, 

19    Madam President.  The total school aid over the 

20    Executive's original proposal is a 140 million 

21    school-year increase, 100 million in the 

22    fiscal-year increase -- so they're different.  

23    And Foundation Aid is a 119.2 million increase 

24    over the Executive in Foundation Aid.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   What is the total 


                                                               2966

 1    amount of --

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Are you 

 3    asking the sponsor to yield?  

 4                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I'm sorry.  

 5    Madam President, through you, if the sponsor will 

 6    continue to yield.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR MARTINS:   What's the total 

13    amount, Senator, of -- in this budget for pre-K 

14    through 12 education that we're being asked to 

15    fund?

16                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

17    Madam President.  Just to clarify, are you asking 

18    solely about pre-K dollars?  

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Pre-K through 12 

20    public education dollars, all in, how much are we 

21    being asked to put on the table to fund education 

22    in New York State, not including higher 

23    education?

24                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

25    Madam President.  Thank you for the 


                                                               2967

 1    clarification.  

 2                 Total school aid in this budget is 

 3    $37.1 billion.

 4                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

 5                 Madam President, through you, if the 

 6    sponsor would continue to yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator, if you 

13    know, where does that rank nationally with regard 

14    to overall spending and per-pupil spending?

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

16    Madam President.  My understanding is we're one 

17    of the highest states in per-pupil spending.  

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

19    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

20    yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               2968

 1                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator, would it 

 2    surprise you if we are actually the highest 

 3    per-pupil spending of any state in the country, 

 4    and we are by quite a margin, would that surprise 

 5    you?  

 6                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President.  I don't -- I will look at the 

 8    numbers myself, but as I said, we're among the 

 9    highest.  I accept that.

10                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

11    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.  

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

19    Madam President.  Would you know how much we 

20    spend on average per student in New York State?

21                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

22    Madam President.  According to the staff -- and I 

23    don't think these numbers are verified -- 

24    approximately 30,000 per student per year.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 


                                                               2969

 1    Madam President, if the sponsor would continue to 

 2    yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    Senator yields.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Would it surprise 

 9    you if it's closer to $36,000 per year per 

10    student in New York State?  

11                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

12    Madam President, I don't know the number.  I 

13    defer to my colleague if he knows -- if he has 

14    some data that shows that's the number.

15                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

16    Madam President, if the sponsor would continue to 

17    yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.  

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I want to ask you 

24    about the Foundation Aid and the Regional Cost 

25    Index.  Are you familiar with that?  


                                                               2970

 1                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President, yes, I am.

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

 4    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

 5    yield.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield? 

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    Senator yields.

11                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And so Regional 

12    Cost Index, as I understand it, is based on 

13    financial information through various regions 

14    across the state.  Can you tell us what years we 

15    are relying on for purposes of establishing the 

16    Regional Cost Index?

17                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

18    Madam President, 2006 data that set the existing 

19    Regional Cost Index numbers.

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

21    Madam President, if the sponsor would continue to 

22    yield.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.


                                                               2971

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I understand that 

 4    other portions of the Foundation formula have 

 5    been brought current, understanding that we all 

 6    had concerns about the use of old or stale data.  

 7                 Can you tell us why we're still 

 8    relying on data from nearly 20 years ago for the 

 9    purposes of establishing regional cost indexes?  

10                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

11    Madam President.  I don't disagree with my 

12    colleague's point that a more current number is a 

13    more appropriate number.  

14                 Our house pushed very hard to have a 

15    more current Regional Cost Index reflected in the 

16    Foundation Aid formula, as we pushed for many 

17    other increases in the way Foundation Aid is 

18    calculated.  We were unable to achieve that.

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, if the sponsor would continue to 

21    yield.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               2972

 1    Senator yields.

 2                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator, can you 

 3    tell us who refused to use more current data 

 4    amongst the parties who were negotiating this 

 5    budget?  I think we all understand -- I think we 

 6    all hope that data and current data is more 

 7    reflective of our own communities and reality, 

 8    and so the reliance on older data seems to be 

 9    counterintuitive.  Perhaps you can share with us 

10    who amongst our colleagues wanted to use this 

11    older data.  

12                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

13    Madam President.  I think that's not quite the 

14    way to characterize what happened.  

15                 We, as you know, in our one-house 

16    suggested that even those schools that were in 

17    the save-harmless should get 3 percent more.  We 

18    were unable to get that.  We proposed other 

19    additions, all of which add to the total amount 

20    that the state has to pay for Foundation Aid.

21                 At the end of the day, we got the 

22    best we could out of the money that I suspect the 

23    Division of Budget was prepared to spend on this.  

24    And we did get some real wins, as I described 

25    previously, including career and technical 


                                                               2973

 1    education.  We got some other additional money.  

 2    We certainly got some changes in the tier of the 

 3    state sharing ratio, at English language learner.  

 4    All of these cost more.  

 5                 So at the end of the day we were 

 6    simply limited by the amount of money that was 

 7    available to increase education funding.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

 9    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

10    yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

12    sponsor yield?

13                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    Senator yields.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator, would 

17    you agree that in setting these ratios in the 

18    formula we're not dealing with adding money, 

19    we're dealing with how existing money and money 

20    that's allocated will actually get distributed.  

21    And so by having different ratios and if those 

22    ratios change, we're not adding money to the pie, 

23    what we're doing is we're deciding who will get 

24    more and who will get less based on actual 

25    current data and that older data.  Wouldn't you 


                                                               2974

 1    agree that that's actually the case and we're not 

 2    talking about additional money but how it gets 

 3    distributed?  

 4                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  No, I would not agree with that 

 6    at all.

 7                 Every district in the state got 

 8    money more than they got last year in 

 9    Foundation Aid.  We did not reduce any district's 

10    Foundation Aid.  Nor did we leave it at zero, 

11    which was a fear this year, as I think you know, 

12    Senator.

13                 So in fact it is not a 

14    redistribution.  Additional money was allocated 

15    for school aid and for Foundation Aid that 

16    allowed us to make certain modifications that 

17    benefit every school district.

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

19    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

20    yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               2975

 1                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I apologize to 

 2    the sponsor.  Perhaps you misunderstood my 

 3    question.  These ratios for the formula, the 

 4    formula, as I understand it, is a way of 

 5    allocating resources to different districts.  It 

 6    doesn't in and of itself require greater 

 7    spending.  It's -- you start with a total amount 

 8    of spending, and the formula will actually 

 9    educate us as to how it will be distributed 

10    depending on different indices and different 

11    factors.  

12                 One of those factors is this 

13    Regional Cost Index.  But I don't see how the 

14    index itself will add more money, other than 

15    decide whether, for example, a school district in 

16    Westchester will receive more money or a school 

17    district, say, in Otsego County.

18                 It's a question of how that will 

19    impact their ratio to the amount that they're 

20    receiving.  Would you agree to that?

21                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

22    Madam President.  I'm not sure I would agree with 

23    that either.  Because the possibility -- the 

24    redoing of the Regional Cost Index for every 

25    region, as established originally, would likely 


                                                               2976

 1    have resulted in some districts actually getting 

 2    less.  And respectfully, I would add they might 

 3    be districts that are largely represented by your 

 4    side of the aisle.  

 5                 And in effect, in an effort to 

 6    ensure that every district got more money than 

 7    they got last year, we did the best we could.  

 8    And I think that -- I would like to give our 

 9    leader and our staff credit for working hard to 

10    make sure that we're not losers this year, as 

11    some things were recalculated, in some part due 

12    to the study that was done on Foundation Aid.  

13    But we did not adopt all the recommendations.

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

15    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

16    yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I appreciate that 

23    response, and I certainly understand it.  

24                 There is, though -- there was a 

25    proposal in the Governor's budget to change 


                                                               2977

 1    ratios, specifically the Regional Cost Index with 

 2    regard to communities in the Hudson Valley.  Do 

 3    you recall that?  

 4                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, yes.  Yes.

 6                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 8    yield.

 9                 SENATOR MAYER:   Oh, excuse me.  May 

10    I correct myself?  

11                 Our one-house did suggest an 

12    increase in the Regional Cost Index for 

13    Hudson Valley.  The enacted budget has it for 

14    Westchester.

15                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  Thank 

16    you for that.  

17                 Madam President, through you, if the 

18    sponsor would continue to yield.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I did notice that 

25    there was a change for Westchester, and I am 


                                                               2978

 1    curious, you know, at the -- to the exclusion of 

 2    the other Hudson Valley counties.  Is there a 

 3    reason why Westchester was changed and only 

 4    Westchester was changed and no other county was 

 5    similarly affected?  

 6                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, yes.  The 2024 data of the 

 8    Department of Labor shows that the weighted 

 9    median wage for Westchester is most comparable -- 

10    and in fact I would note lower -- than 

11    Long Island and New York City, but far more 

12    comparable than being lumped -- not lumped, is 

13    not a nice word, but put with other counties in 

14    the Hudson Valley.  

15                 Westchester itself probably should 

16    never have been put in a Regional Cost Index with 

17    the balance of the state.  And this reflects an 

18    accurate data-driven approach to what it costs to 

19    hire people in Westchester compared to other 

20    counties in the Hudson Valley and counties 

21    upstate.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

23                 Madam President, if the sponsor 

24    would continue to yield.  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 


                                                               2979

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    Senator yields.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So I understand 

 6    that the Rockefeller Institute did prepare a 

 7    comparable wage index for teachers as an index 

 8    for this Regional Cost Index, as a substitute for 

 9    that.  Are you suggesting that you're relying on 

10    this comparable wage index for teachers through 

11    the Rockefeller Institute in imposing a larger 

12    index for Westchester as compared to other 

13    counties?

14                 SENATOR MAYER:   (Conferring.)  

15    Through you, Madam President, two things.  

16                 One is had we adopted a regional 

17    increase in the Regional Cost Index for the 

18    Hudson Valley as opposed to Westchester, my 

19    understanding is it would have cost an additional 

20    $2 billion, as opposed to the modest amount.  

21                 And the other thing is the 

22    Rockefeller Institute recommended a different 

23    methodology for determining Regional Cost Index 

24    called CWIFT, thank you.  And that would have 

25    been significantly more expensive than what we 


                                                               2980

 1    ultimately did -- which is driven, as you know, 

 2    Senator, in part by how much money there is and 

 3    trying to get to the fairest allocation.  

 4                 But I would say -- and not because 

 5    I'm a resident of Westchester County -- that the 

 6    cost of staff in Westchester County is quite 

 7    similar to the cost in Nassau, Suffolk and 

 8    probably modestly less than the cost in New York 

 9    City.

10                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

11    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.  

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator, I don't 

19    disagree with you.  I really don't.  But I would 

20    suggest that if we used current data, using the 

21    same 2024 data that was used for Westchester, I 

22    would believe that other counties would also see 

23    a similar increase that would reflect these 

24    costs.  And they would be reimbursed for those 

25    costs.  


                                                               2981

 1                 Wouldn't you agree that using more 

 2    current data, similar to what was done for your 

 3    own county in Westchester, may actually have 

 4    provided a better index for us to follow?  

 5                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President.  As I indicated, I myself was 

 7    for many changes that were in the Rockefeller 

 8    Institute that would have resulted in more money 

 9    for many districts based on actual data and need.  

10    I don't disagree with my colleague.

11                 However, at the end of the day, this 

12    is a practical exercise in how much money we can 

13    get and how best we can allocate it.  And it's on 

14    that basis that this was done.  

15                 In a perfect world, I would have -- 

16    there's a lot of things I wanted for a lot of 

17    districts, including some in the Senator's 

18    district, that I was unable to achieve.  And 

19    that's the practical nature of enacting a budget.

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

21    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

22    yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Yes.


                                                               2982

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you for 

 4    that.

 5                 Various I guess institutions and 

 6    various publications tend to rank states and 

 7    state education systems according to proficiency.  

 8    Are you familiar with those rankings?  You know, 

 9    as chair of Education, have you seen those 

10    rankings and you're familiar where New York State 

11    ranks in national surveys?

12                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

13    Madam President, I am -- I wouldn't say familiar 

14    at the level of detail that I'd like if we 

15    weren't here all the time.  But yes, I'm quite 

16    familiar with how New York ranks and some of the 

17    national surveys of data, particularly graduation 

18    data.

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

20    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

21    yield.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               2983

 1    Senator yields.

 2                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And I think we 

 3    discussed earlier that New York ranks at the very 

 4    top in terms of per-pupil spending.  And that I 

 5    think reflects the commitment that we have, 

 6    ourselves and our communities and our entire 

 7    state has, towards providing resources for 

 8    education and prioritizes that, rightfully so.

 9                 Do you know where New York typically 

10    ranks with regard to outcomes and results when it 

11    comes to education compared to other states who 

12    spend less than we do?

13                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

14    Madam President.  I don't know exactly where we 

15    rank.  

16                 I would say -- I would say this 

17    point.  Focusing on challenges of particular 

18    districts in a big, diverse State of New York 

19    with the City of New York with extraordinary 

20    challenges, is probably not the ideal way.  

21                 We have made significant strides, as 

22    I visited schools across the state -- rural, 

23    suburban and urban -- that I take great pride in 

24    and I think our whole Legislature should take 

25    pride in putting money into improving our 


                                                               2984

 1    schools.  And we are doing a very good job.  

 2                 Do we have a long way to go?  

 3    Absolutely.  I would agree with my colleague.  

 4    And I'm very committed, as I know my colleagues 

 5    are, to improving our ranking.  But I'm not going 

 6    to focus on the places where we as a state have 

 7    challenges.  We all know what they are.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

 9    Senator.  And thank you.

10                 On the bill.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

12    Martins on the bill.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I want to thank 

14    my colleague for her work on the Education 

15    Committee.  And Senator, rest assured that we all 

16    know that your approach is from a very solid 

17    place, and we're very happy to have you there.

18                 I think unfortunately, 

19    Madam President, we oftentimes conflate spending 

20    with results.  That somehow if we spend more and 

21    if we continue to spend more, that somehow that 

22    is going to result in a better education or a 

23    better outcome for students.  

24                 And I understand, as I think every 

25    one of my colleagues, that there are variables in 


                                                               2985

 1    New York that are unique to New York State.  And 

 2    there are countless variables that impact our 

 3    ability to reach every child.  

 4                 But I would just ask that as we move 

 5    forward and we deal with education policy, we 

 6    stress the need to make sure that the dollars 

 7    that we are committed to spending are actually 

 8    being translated into actual results.  And if 

 9    they're not, perhaps we need a Rockefeller Center 

10    study to find out why, although we're spending in 

11    many respects almost twice as much as the 

12    national average for educating a child in 

13    New York State, twice as much in New York as 

14    anywhere else, on average we're not necessarily 

15    seeing these results.  

16                 And there's something I think we're 

17    missing and I think there's something that our 

18    State Education Department is missing.  And so as 

19    we rely on funding, that we couple that funding 

20    with a real emphasis on results.

21                 There was a discussion a few moments 

22    ago about electric buses and zero emissions.  And 

23    I'm troubled.  I understand certainly the need, 

24    and I understand that we're on a path towards 

25    doing something -- and we should be.  But I'm 


                                                               2986

 1    also concerned that this mandate is putting 

 2    extraordinary strain and extraordinary concern 

 3    certainly in my school districts, and I've heard 

 4    from my colleagues on both sides of the aisle 

 5    about the concerns and stress that our school 

 6    districts have in reaching or meeting this 

 7    mandate.

 8                 During our budget hearings we had 

 9    the director from the Thruway Authority.  Some of 

10    you may remember that.  And he was asked to give 

11    an update on where he was with electric vehicle 

12    chargers on the Thruway.  And he said, I can't do 

13    it.  I can't do it.  There isn't enough capacity 

14    in the grid in order for us to put those electric 

15    chargers that we've been mandated to put in.  

16                 And yet here we are talking about 

17    electric buses and the need for electric buses, 

18    and we're told that each one of our school 

19    districts or each one of our bus depots is going 

20    to need the equivalent in electricity of a small 

21    city in order to have the charging capacity to be 

22    able to charge those buses.

23                 And so as we move forward, we also 

24    have to be practical when we expect our school -- 

25    our local school leaders, who are charged with 


                                                               2987

 1    budgeting and making sure that they're allocating 

 2    their resources properly, that we're not giving 

 3    them the impossible task and not giving them the 

 4    resources, if we know full well that our own grid 

 5    does not have the capacity to provide the 

 6    electricity that we are requiring.

 7                 So let's be thoughtful about how we 

 8    approach these mandates.  Let's be thoughtful, 

 9    again, as a body when we advance these policies 

10    before their time.

11                 I'm also concerned about, you know, 

12    the use of certain language when it comes to the 

13    safety of our children.  We talk about these 

14    electric buses as if they are -- the basis for 

15    them is the safety of our children.  New York 

16    State has 2 percent of its entire automobile and 

17    vehicle fleet are electric vehicles.  That means 

18    that 98 percent of our vehicles, folks, are 

19    combustion engine.

20                 I drive my daughter to school -- my 

21    youngest is still in high school.  I have a 

22    combustion-engine car.  I will not accept that I 

23    am putting my daughter in danger by driving a 

24    combustion-engine car and driving her to school, 

25    much the same way that if she was riding to 


                                                               2988

 1    school in a bus that was a combustion-engine bus.

 2                 So let's understand that we are 

 3    walking towards progress and we want to approach 

 4    that.  But when we use language about the safety 

 5    of our children, it does juxtapose other 

 6    questions logically that we should be prepared to 

 7    answer.  So let's keep everything within the 

 8    context of where we are here.

 9                 And lastly, Madam President, on 

10    masks.  I'm troubled.  You know, the fact that we 

11    have just yesterday more protests on college 

12    campuses -- this one was at Columbia again, 

13    wearing masks and specifically attacking Jewish 

14    students -- should be troubling to all of us.  

15                 This proposal that we have in this 

16    bill does nothing to protect our students on 

17    college campuses.  Nothing.  It's nice we have 

18    it.  We could all go home and say that we did 

19    something.  But did we really?  We passed 

20    something, but from a practical standpoint we did 

21    not prioritize the safety of innocent people 

22    across the state, students attending colleges 

23    during protests who are being targeted for their 

24    religion by people who are wearing masks.  

25                 We know that.  Yesterday wasn't the 


                                                               2989

 1    first time this happened.  Yet we'll stand here 

 2    and say that we achieved something.  The Governor 

 3    goes around the state highlighting the fact that 

 4    there is a new law.  But the reality is our 

 5    students are no safer today, will be no safer 

 6    tomorrow than they were yesterday as a result of 

 7    what was done here.  And, Madam President, that's 

 8    a missed opportunity and an unfortunate one, 

 9    because we could do better and we should do 

10    better.

11                 Thank you.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

13    you, Senator.

14                 Senator Weber.

15                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you, 

16    Madam President.  Will the sponsor who's in 

17    charge of Section FF, East Ramapo school monitor.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

19    sponsor yield?  

20                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

21                 SENATOR WEBER:   Before I get 

22    started, I just want to make a comment on the 

23    bill.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   So 

25    Senator Weber on the bill.


                                                               2990

 1                 SENATOR WEBER:   So, Madam 

 2    President, I will be presenting several questions 

 3    regarding a provision that was quietly inserted 

 4    and negotiated into this massive budget bill, a 

 5    provision that directly affects a school district 

 6    within my Senate district.  

 7                 And I want to be clear that I firmly 

 8    oppose the embedding of this fiscal monitor 

 9    policy into this budget process precisely because 

10    it circumvents proper legislative scrutiny and 

11    lumps it together with all of the great school 

12    funding that our school districts desperately 

13    need, including East Ramapo, which has been 

14    sorely shortchanged in the Foundation Aid going 

15    back over a decade.  

16                 And I'm deeply concerned about the 

17    expanding overreach of big government, especially 

18    when those powers fail to perform their basic 

19    responsibilities and especially when it's 

20    affecting a democratically elected school board.  

21                 So, Madam President, will the 

22    sponsor yield for some questions?

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.


                                                               2991

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.  

 3                 SENATOR WEBER:   Hi, Senator.  Nice 

 4    to see you this morning.

 5                 Senator Mayer, how many school 

 6    districts across New York State currently have 

 7    state-appointed monitors?  

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Let me look at my 

 9    list here.  Rochester, Hempstead, Wyandanch, 

10    East Ramapo, and we're adding Mount Vernon.

11                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  

12                 And, Madam President, does the 

13    sponsor yield for an additional question?  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.  

19                 SENATOR WEBER:   And how many of 

20    those monitors have been granted veto power over 

21    the actions of an elected school board?

22                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

23    Madam President, only East Ramapo, through 

24    separate legislation that was passed several 

25    years ago.


                                                               2992

 1                 SENATOR WEBER:   Yes, thank you.

 2                 And, Madam President, will the 

 3    sponsor continue to yield?

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 5    sponsor yield?

 6                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay.  How did the 

10    extension of the monitor make it into the 

11    final-version budget that we're seeing here 

12    today?  Who pushed it?  

13                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

14    Madam President.  All of the monitors were 

15    extended for two years, and the Mount Vernon new 

16    monitor was for two years.  They all were treated 

17    the same.

18                 SENATOR WEBER:   Through you, 

19    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

20    yield?

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    Senator yields.


                                                               2993

 1                 SENATOR WEBER:   Were you personally 

 2    involved in promoting and pushing towards the 

 3    monitors to be included in the budget?  

 4                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  I believe that both the Senate 

 6    and the Assembly in their one-house bills had 

 7    extensions of the monitors, I believe for longer 

 8    than two years.  At least ours did.

 9                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay.  

10    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

11    yield?

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    sponsor yields.  

17                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  

18                 So is it safe to say that the 

19    Majority Leader of the Senate here, the Speaker, 

20    the Assembly Speaker in the Assembly, and the 

21    Governor all came to an agreement and signed off 

22    on the language that's presented here today?  

23                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

24    Madam President.  I can't speak for those three 

25    individuals separately.  


                                                               2994

 1                 I can say we have a budget in front 

 2    of us that extends for two years every one of 

 3    these monitors, and includes this new monitor 

 4    that was requested by the school board of the 

 5    City of Mount Vernon, the school district of 

 6    Mount Vernon.  And there is three-way agreement 

 7    on these extensions.

 8                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  And, 

 9    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

10    yield?  

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

12    sponsor yield?

13                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    sponsor yields.  

16                 SENATOR WEBER:   Let me ask the 

17    question a different way.  

18                 Is any language allowed to be in the 

19    final version of a budget without those three 

20    people's approval?  

21                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

22    Madam President.  I think my colleague knows very 

23    well the budget reflects an agreement of three 

24    parties.  That's why some things are not in and 

25    some things are in.  This is in.  And it appears 


                                                               2995

 1    to have had the agreement of all three parties 

 2    that agreed to the -- all the component elements 

 3    of the budget.

 4                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.

 5                 And, Madam President, will the 

 6    sponsor continue to yield?  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 8    sponsor yield? 

 9                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    Senator yields.

12                 SENATOR WEBER:   Senator Mayer, I 

13    know you're very aware of what happened last 

14    year, right, about a year ago this past February 

15    where the monitor came to the legislators, came 

16    to Commissioner Rosa, saying that East Ramapo had 

17    a $20 million deficit and wouldn't be able to 

18    make payroll come the summer months.  

19                 We soon and later found out -- and 

20    in fact you introduced legislation in June to 

21    give East Ramapo a spin-up and if they didn't 

22    pass their second budget or at least pass a 

23    budget that had a 1 percent increase, that the 

24    district would be taken over.  So all of that 

25    information that transpired was developed because 


                                                               2996

 1    the fiscal monitor told us there was a 

 2    $20 million deficit.  And we found out after the 

 3    summer months that the district actually had a 

 4    $31 million surplus.

 5                 Do you remember that entire process?

 6                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, I believe my colleague has 

 8    mischaracterized the bill that I carried, which 

 9    did not call for a takeover.  It was conditional 

10    on a 1 percent budget, and then it provided the 

11    spin-up.  It did not change the governance of the 

12    East Ramapo School District.  So I just need to 

13    correct him there.  

14                 I certainly remember that time, and 

15    I also know the Comptroller's report, which said 

16    that there was an accounting issue, not a 

17    cash-flow issue, and that was instructive in 

18    subsequent conversations about East Ramapo.

19                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay.  

20                 Madam President, will the sponsor 

21    continue to yield?

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               2997

 1    sponsor yields.  

 2                 SENATOR WEBER:   But your bill did 

 3    say that if the voters in East Ramapo didn't 

 4    approve a 1 percent increase, then the Assembly 

 5    bill that Ken Zebrowski, former Assemblyman Ken 

 6    Zebrowski, had submitted that had a fiscal 

 7    takeover of the district, would kick in.

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President.  I don't believe that's correct.  

10    And by the way, my bill didn't go anywhere.  

11                 But I don't -- I believe you're 

12    mischaracterizing my bill.

13                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay.  

14                 Madam President, will the sponsor 

15    continue to yield?

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR WEBER:   I think -- we'll 

22    move on, but we'll come back to that because I'm 

23    fully aware of what I read, the language in that 

24    bill, and we can have that conversation another 

25    time.


                                                               2998

 1                 But so knowing that the fiscal 

 2    monitor essentially either misled or wasn't doing 

 3    his job last year -- because a difference of 

 4    $51 million between what we were told all of last 

 5    year and then what was actual in reality, based 

 6    on the audited financial statements that were 

 7    released in November, which was for the fiscal 

 8    year ending in June, why are we so much in 

 9    favor -- or why is the Majority pushing a 

10    two-year extension on the monitor?

11                 SENATOR MAYER:   Well, through you, 

12    Madam President.  First of all, the fiscal 

13    monitor for East Ramapo was replaced with a 

14    different person after that was determined.  And 

15    that was extremely unfortunate.  And all of us 

16    were very concerned about the students of the 

17    East Ramapo Public School District, at the risk 

18    of layoffs and inability to meet payroll.  So 

19    that was a motivating force for my bill.

20                 Why -- you were asking why does the 

21    Senate majority support a two-year extension of 

22    the monitors for East Ramapo?  Because we 

23    continue to be deeply concerned about the public 

24    school students of East Ramapo in a board that is 

25    largely controlled by parents who do not have 


                                                               2999

 1    children in the East Ramapo public schools.  

 2                 Because the results in East Ramapo 

 3    have been among the most challenging in New York 

 4    State in terms of graduation, dropout rate.  

 5    Because the needs of the East Ramapo public 

 6    school students are extraordinary and frankly 

 7    have been ignored, have been ignored for years 

 8    before the monitors were put in place.  And the 

 9    fact is that having an academic and a fiscal 

10    monitor is, in our opinion, absolutely the right 

11    thing for the East Ramapo Public School District.

12                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  And 

13    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

14    yield.

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR WEBER:   So, Senator Mayer, 

22    are you aware of the news report maybe a few 

23    weeks ago where the New Rochelle School District 

24    I think reported having a $30 million deficit?

25                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 


                                                               3000

 1    Madam President.  Yes, I am.  It is in my 

 2    district.  

 3                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  

 4                 And Madam President, will the 

 5    sponsor continue to yield.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR WEBER:   In the list of 

12    schools that you mentioned earlier that have 

13    fiscal monitors with veto power, how come the 

14    New Rochelle School District wasn't included in 

15    this bill?  

16                 SENATOR MAYER:   Well, through you, 

17    Madam President, New Rochelle School District did 

18    not request, did not pass any resolution 

19    requesting a monitor at this point.  

20                 And in fact we worked closely with 

21    the New Rochelle School District to be as helpful 

22    as possible to their challenges, which are quite 

23    different than East Ramapo.  And the school board 

24    is quite different than East Ramapo.  And we will 

25    continue to work with them as well as every 


                                                               3001

 1    school district.  But we have a grave concern 

 2    that we have expressed, and the State Education 

 3    Department has clearly verified, about the public 

 4    school students in East Ramapo.  And we continue 

 5    to be concerned because a significant portion of 

 6    the East Ramapo School District budget has been 

 7    allocated to transportation costs for nonpublic 

 8    school students, far in excess of what other 

 9    school districts that have nonpublic schools 

10    spend.

11                 SENATOR WEBER:   Madam President, 

12    will the sponsor continue to yield.  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    Senator yields.

18                 SENATOR WEBER:   Senator, are you 

19    aware that the school board last year, comprised 

20    of nonpublic and public members, unanimously 

21    voted to hire a superintendent?  You know, they 

22    don't probably agree on a lot of things, but they 

23    agreed upon that.  Are you aware that the 

24    monitors overrode that and wouldn't allow them to 

25    hire a superintendent and they don't have a 


                                                               3002

 1    permanent superintendent as of today, a year or 

 2    so later?  

 3                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you.  Yes, 

 4    I am aware of that.

 5                 SENATOR WEBER:   Great.  And through 

 6    you, Madam President, will the sponsor continue 

 7    to yield?  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR WEBER:   Do you think that 

14    that was an appropriate decision by them to do 

15    that?  And is that something that should be 

16    allowed, that -- a duly elected board to make 

17    decisions like that as to who's going to run the 

18    district?

19                 SENATOR MAYER:   Through you, 

20    Madam President.  Under the existing law I 

21    believe that created the monitors, as I recall -- 

22    since I was in the Assembly at that time -- the 

23    State Education Department has to approve the 

24    selection of a superintendent and the State 

25    Education Department, the commissioner did 


                                                               3003

 1    approve the selection of the current 

 2    superintendent.  Who, by the way, I would say, 

 3    having met with him and visited the school, is 

 4    truly making a difference in that school 

 5    district, and credit to him.

 6                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay.  Thank you.  

 7                 Madam President, on the bill.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   On the 

 9    bill.

10                 SENATOR WEBER:   Madam President, 

11    policy like the East Ramapo school board monitor 

12    extension should have been done during an open 

13    debate, with transparency and the full 

14    legislative process, and not during this budget 

15    cycle, a very big budget bill.  

16                 The families and the taxpayers of 

17    East Ramapo deserved fairness, not political 

18    targeting and not last-minute backroom deals 

19    buried in the budget deal.  And I will not stand 

20    by while this overreach is continued throughout 

21    the years.  

22                 The East Ramapo monitors, as I've 

23    laid out before, and that were approved by the 

24    former Senator and pushed in this chamber, voted 

25    on in this chamber, has been an abject failure, 


                                                               3004

 1    plain and simple.  This was misguided policy 

 2    pushed by Albany Democrats in both chambers and 

 3    signed off by the Democratic Governor.  And the 

 4    consequences speak for themselves.  

 5                 How do you miss a $30 million 

 6    surplus and say that it's a $20 million deficit 

 7    for months on end and not catch that, putting the 

 8    district at risk, putting the concerns of all of 

 9    our legislators here and families really 

10    concerned.  It's not just unacceptable, it's 

11    inexplicable.  

12                 And egregiously, even after learning 

13    of the error, when the error was pointed out, 

14    Commissioner Rosa didn't say, Well, we know that 

15    error was wrong and we are going to refund that 

16    egregious 4.38 percent tax increase that she 

17    directed on the board and said if you don't pass 

18    this 4.38 percent directive, I'm going to fire 

19    you from the board.  

20                 That's a duly elected, 

21    democratically elected board.  The taxpayers have 

22    a right to vote on their budget in New York 

23    State.  And to take away that power was not only 

24    unprecedented, it was unconscionable.  A 

25    compromise of two years in this final budget bill 


                                                               3005

 1    is better than five years.  But I think we need 

 2    to continue to work together to phase out the 

 3    failed monitors entirely.  

 4                 At the same time, as I said earlier, 

 5    this budget includes great money for the 

 6    districts in Rockland and about $20 million for 

 7    the East Ramapo School District, a number that 

 8    we've been saying for years -- a number that's 

 9    been shortchanged by this district, a district 

10    that always needs more and more money just like 

11    our other school districts.  

12                 So, Madam President, this deeply 

13    oversight measure is bad governance.  New Yorkers 

14    deserve better.  The residents of East Ramapo 

15    deserve better.  They deserve a lot better.  

16                 Thank you.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

18    you.

19                 Senator Helming on the bill.

20                 SENATOR HELMING:   Thank you, 

21    Madam President, on the education bill before us.  

22    On the electric school bus and electric capacity, 

23    the joint utilities of New York analyzed the 

24    current electrical capacity of every single 

25    school bus depot in the state, both public and 


                                                               3006

 1    private.  And let me tell you, the findings were 

 2    bleak.  Fifteen percent of districts currently do 

 3    not have the electrical capacity to support a 

 4    single, let alone a fleet, of zero-emission 

 5    school buses.  

 6                 Additionally, districts across the 

 7    state, as we've heard on this floor, have been 

 8    told that the infrastructure upgrades will lead 

 9    to significant costs.  For some districts those 

10    costs will be in the millions of dollars.  And 

11    this is all against the backdrop of the 

12    Independent System Operators Reliability Needs 

13    Assessment finding that the grid will not be able 

14    to handle demand without significant resources 

15    being developed.  

16                 Now, in my area we need housing 

17    much, much more than we need electric school 

18    buses.  And what's going to happen?  We're going 

19    to create competition, which will not be good.  

20                 In a recent report that the Empire 

21    Center put out, they note that the Office of 

22    Governmental Services, which negotiates the 

23    contracts that our school districts can piggyback 

24    on, they reached a five-year deal in December of 

25    2022 with just nine bus dealers.  And in the 


                                                               3007

 1    first year, the State Department of 

 2    Transportation approved just a small number of 

 3    bus models.  

 4                 And do you know what has happened 

 5    since that time?  Not the price decreases that 

 6    we've heard so much about.  We have seen price 

 7    hikes:  3.7 percent over the last 12 months.  

 8                 But you know what hasn't increased 

 9    by 3.7 percent in this budget that's before us?  

10    The funding for the majority of my school 

11    districts.  They have received the minimum amount 

12    of funding.  Between the state's underfunding and 

13    this massive electric school bus mandate, our 

14    taxpayers are going to be hit harder than ever 

15    before.  

16                 For this reason and so many others, 

17    I vote no.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

19    you, Senator.

20                 Senator Walczyk to close.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Madam President, 

22    on Part EE I've got a question.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator, 

24    do you yield.

25                 SENATOR SALAZAR:   Yes.


                                                               3008

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    Senator yields.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.  So Part EE addresses merit time 

 5    and also limited credit time, good behavior 

 6    allowances for those who have been convicted of 

 7    crimes and found themselves in prison in New York 

 8    State.  

 9                 I notice some change in language was 

10    approved in the budget proposal that's brought 

11    before us here today giving, in addition to the 

12    list already outlined in statute, a number of 

13    different things that inmates can use to earn 

14    these merit times or limited credit times, 

15    reducing their sentences.  Some additional 

16    authority has been given to the Department of 

17    Corrections commissioner in order to develop new 

18    programs.

19                 Why ignore the list that's already 

20    in statute or maybe propose an additional program 

21    in statute?  Why, instead, just defer and say the 

22    commissioner of the Department of Corrections, 

23    directly appointed by the Governor, can create 

24    programs in the future?  Why give that power to 

25    the Executive instead of pass a new law for a new 


                                                               3009

 1    program here in the Legislature?

 2                 SENATOR SALAZAR:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President.  So in Part EE it only adds 

 4    two lines to existing law and ensures that the 

 5    commissioner can designate additional programs.  

 6                 I don't know that there is a 

 7    meaningful distinction between creating specific 

 8    programs through law outside of the budget 

 9    process versus allowing the commissioner the 

10    discretion to designate additional programs that 

11    someone could participate in, in order to earn 

12    merit time or limited credit time allowance.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

14    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

15    yield?  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield? 

18                 SENATOR SALAZAR:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Actually in 

22    statute currently, in Section 803 and 803-b, 

23    which is what you're proposing to amend here in 

24    this budget bill, for nonviolent convicts 

25    obtaining a diploma, alcohol and substance abuse 


                                                               3010

 1    certificate, six months of job training, 18 

 2    college credits, 400 hours of community 

 3    service -- those are all prescribed in the 

 4    statute.  The change, the way that I read it, is 

 5    you're giving the DOCCS commissioner the 

 6    authority to develop new programs not outlined in 

 7    statute.  

 8                 My question was specifically, why 

 9    give that authority to the DOCCS commissioner?  

10    Why not prescribe it by proposing legislation 

11    that passes the Assembly, the Senate, and is 

12    ultimately signed by the Governor?  That's the 

13    legislative process here.

14                 SENATOR SALAZAR:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  I don't think that this change 

16    precludes the Legislature from passing 

17    legislation to add additional -- specific 

18    additional programs in statute that could make 

19    someone eligible for earned time.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

21    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

22    yield? 

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR SALAZAR:   Yes.


                                                               3011

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.  

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Yeah, but if 

 4    you've already given the authority for the DOCCS 

 5    commissioner to create whatever programs they 

 6    want to create in order to allow for merit time 

 7    and allow for limited credit time, and the way 

 8    that sentences are reduced or that credit time is 

 9    taken off of someone's sentence and they're early 

10    released from prison, the DOCCS commissioner 

11    already controls that entire process.  

12                 The tradition of this body, by all 

13    of the laws that have been laid out in these 

14    sections, in 803 and 803-b has been specifically 

15    to hear the voice of the people and decide what 

16    would merit that credit time.  

17                 So my question is the same.  Why 

18    give the DOCCS commissioner that authority?  Now 

19    the list of everything that we've put in statute 

20    is relatively moot if the DOCCS commissioner can 

21    create whatever program they'd like in the 

22    future.

23                 SENATOR SALAZAR:   Through you, 

24    Madam President.  I will just clarify that in 

25    this short change to the statute in Part EE, it 


                                                               3012

 1    also specifies that among the programs that the 

 2    DOCCS commissioner could designate that are not 

 3    explicitly outlined in statute right now, it 

 4    could include completing a program of no less 

 5    than 18 months, as established by the 

 6    commissioner.  

 7                 So I think I would say that that 

 8    does set some parameter to what additional 

 9    program the DOCCS commissioner can designate that 

10    someone could be eligible to earn time off of 

11    their sentence for.  It does not give discretion, 

12    for example, to the commissioner to designate a 

13    program that is very short, that's less than 

14    18 months, right, that would make someone 

15    eligible to earn time off of their sentence.  

16                 So I think it's a little bit more 

17    specific than that.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

19    you, Senator.

20                 The debate time has expired.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Saved by the 

22    bell.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

24    you.

25                 Senator Myrie on the bill.


                                                               3013

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Thank you, 

 2    Madam President.  

 3                 I just wanted to make some of our 

 4    legislative intent clear on Part LL of this bill.  

 5    As we know, we made changes to our discovery law 

 6    in 2019 to correct decades of an imbalance, where 

 7    defendants were making decisions not based on all 

 8    of the evidence being charged against them, but 

 9    oftentimes facing last-minute disclosures that 

10    prevented them from fully appreciating their 

11    constitutional due-process rights.  

12                 And while due process and public 

13    safety can sometimes have some tension, these 

14    things are not at odds.  And our intent with this 

15    change to our discovery laws is a continuation of 

16    our values that we can uphold due process while 

17    also keeping the public safe.

18                 It is why we have narrowed some of 

19    the scope required by prosecutors in their 

20    disclosure, changing it to related to the subject 

21    matter of the charge and not the case, but still 

22    requiring prosecutors to exercise due diligence 

23    and good faith as prescribed by the Court of 

24    Appeals.

25                 It is also why, in shortening the 


                                                               3014

 1    window for the defense to challenge a 

 2    certification of compliance, we also made clear 

 3    that a material change in circumstance or good 

 4    cause as granted by the court would allow for 

 5    them to have an extension.

 6                 No one wants to see cases dismissed 

 7    on inadvertent error or technicalities.  And we 

 8    heard the prosecution and heard concerns from 

 9    law enforcement to ensure that that would not 

10    happen and that the court would have the 

11    discretion to utilize a totality of the 

12    circumstances approach, looking at a number of 

13    factors up to and including whether or not the 

14    failure to disclose would prejudice the 

15    defendant's ability to mount a case.

16                 There is also an important provision 

17    that requires the prosecution to still fulfill 

18    their duties in disclosing constitutionally 

19    required evidence like Brady or Rosario, but also 

20    to give the court some discretion to determine 

21    whether or not the failure to disclose was done 

22    in bad faith.  

23                 So I think we have struck the 

24    balance with this reform, that we are protecting 

25    the due process of New Yorkers, while ensuring 


                                                               3015

 1    that victims and survivors do not have their 

 2    cases improperly dismissed in the discovery 

 3    process.

 4                 It is our hope that the courts and 

 5    the prosecution and the defense bar will take 

 6    into consideration the challenging balance that 

 7    our justice system has to maintain every single 

 8    day -- a constitutionally built, adversarial 

 9    system where both sides get to make a case and 

10    the public ultimately should remain safe.  

11                 For those reasons, I'll be voting in 

12    the affirmative.

13                 Thank you.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

15    you, Senator.

16                 Senator Mayer to explain her vote.  

17                 SENATOR MAYER:   On the bill.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   On the 

19    bill, sorry.  On the bill.

20                 SENATOR MAYER:   Yes.  Thank you, 

21    Madam President.  I rise to explain -- to speak 

22    briefly about the substantial equivalency 

23    provisions in this bill.  And while I do intend 

24    to vote for the bill, I rise to express my deep 

25    disappointment about the changes in this bill to 


                                                               3016

 1    the substantial equivalency provisions in the 

 2    law.  

 3                 As we know, Section 3204 of the 

 4    Education Law specifically says that instruction 

 5    given to a minor elsewhere than at a public 

 6    school shall be at least substantially equivalent 

 7    to the instruction given to minors of like age 

 8    and attainments at the public schools of the city 

 9    or district where the child resides.

10                 The State Education Department has 

11    undergone a thorough and inclusive process to 

12    determine how to ensure that nonpublic schools 

13    comply with this provision.  And even last week 

14    we heard, in addition to the support of the 

15    Catholic schools, the independent schools, and 

16    the work with the Amish schools, that the vast 

17    majority of nonpublic schools in New York, 

18    working with the State Education Department, have 

19    found a way, over a period of time, to comply 

20    with the provisions of the regulations they 

21    adopted.  

22                 And in fact these regulations have 

23    been upheld by the Appellate Division Third 

24    Department, which said recently:  "Our state most 

25    clearly supports the discretion of parents and 


                                                               3017

 1    guardians in choosing the most appropriate 

 2    educational setting for the children under their 

 3    care, including the incorporation of local 

 4    community values, culture and identity.

 5                 "The compulsory education 

 6    requirement neither circumvents nor thwarts that 

 7    discretion.  However, the Education Law does 

 8    balance this parental discretion with the child's 

 9    right to a sound, basic education, as necessary 

10    to ensure their ability to meaningfully 

11    participate in society and government, a goal 

12    that is of paramount state concern."

13                 And that case is going to the Court 

14    of Appeals in the next week, and we expect the 

15    regs to be upheld there.  

16                 However, the changes made in this 

17    law make profound changes in the ability of our 

18    students -- and that is our focus -- to achieve 

19    these opportunities.  For one, it provides a 

20    phase-in period for schools that use the testing 

21    pathway, testing pathway identified in the regs, 

22    that exempts any student currently in third grade 

23    or older in the '25-'26 school year from ever 

24    being covered by substantial equivalency 

25    requirements.  


                                                               3018

 1                 That is an entire generation of 

 2    young people, our sons and daughters, who will be 

 3    deprived of the opportunity to receive a sound, 

 4    basic education to be active participants in our 

 5    civil society as regulated by the State Education 

 6    Department that was charged with this.

 7                 Further, the language allows schools 

 8    to use tests not approved by SED or aligned with 

 9    New York State learning standards so long as 

10    they've been approved for use by at least three 

11    other states.  And it also allows schools to 

12    compare their results to similarly situated 

13    students either in their overlapping geographic 

14    district or statewide.  

15                 Unfortunately, this creates a 

16    perverse incentive for districts where the 

17    majority of school board members are made up of 

18    non-public school families, to invest even less 

19    in our public education system.

20                 We have a responsibility, a personal 

21    responsibility, to every child in this state to 

22    ensure they receive a sound, basic education and 

23    that they achieve substantial equivalency.  I am 

24    greatly distressed because I believe the 

25    provisions in this bill take us backwards and do 


                                                               3019

 1    not move us forward in the interest of ensuring 

 2    that these children graduate school fully capable 

 3    of engaging in our dynamic civic society.  

 4                 We owe these children this.  I hope 

 5    we can revisit this and make the changes 

 6    necessary to ensure that we have done our best by 

 7    every child, every child in this state.

 8                 I'll be voting yes with my grave 

 9    disappointment about this provision.

10                 Thank you.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

12    you, Senator.

13                 Senator Krueger to close.

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you, 

15    Madam President.  

16                 I appreciate enormously the work our 

17    great Education chair, Shelley Mayer, did during 

18    this whole debate, and the work she did trying to 

19    fight for the best possible outcomes she could 

20    get for public education throughout the budget 

21    process.  

22                 And to start, I will be voting for 

23    this bill, but I must also clearly state my 

24    objection to the substantial equivalency changes 

25    that Senator Mayer also just addressed.  


                                                               3020

 1                 And people stand on the floor of the 

 2    Senate for many reasons -- to debate, to clarify 

 3    their positions, to get in the press.  I'm here 

 4    for a very specific reason.  Courts use what is 

 5    said on the floor of the Senate when determining 

 6    their understanding of the debate or the leading 

 7    up to changes in law in court cases.  I very much 

 8    am hoping the courts challenge what we are doing 

 9    today, and so I want to go on record for some 

10    future court case.  

11                 The issue is not religious freedom.  

12    This issue is about a child's right to an 

13    education.  Beginning, end, period.  People are 

14    free to practice their religion in New York 

15    State.  They are not free to withhold an 

16    education from their children.  That is called 

17    educational neglect, and it is unconstitutional 

18    in our state, as has been proven in court.

19                 That is the issue, and that is where 

20    this bill language goes terribly wrong.  The 

21    Court of Appeals, New York's highest court, 

22    established in the Campaign for Fiscal Equity 

23    case that under New York's Constitution, all of 

24    its children have a positive right to a sound, 

25    basic education, and that New York has a duty to 


                                                               3021

 1    provide it to them.

 2                 All children in New York have the 

 3    right to a basic education that includes English, 

 4    math, science and history.  This legislation 

 5    undermines that constitutional guarantee, trading 

 6    away children's futures for political expediency.  

 7                 The court defined the constitutional 

 8    right in terms of civic education -- i.e., a 

 9    sound, basic education means the skills students 

10    need to function productively as civic 

11    participants capable of voting and serving on a 

12    jury.  Children deprived of a basic education 

13    cannot be expected to do that.  

14                 Existing Education Law balances that 

15    right with the right of parents to direct their 

16    children's education and the interests of all 

17    New Yorkers in ensuring our children are educated 

18    by requiring all private schools to provide an 

19    education that is at least substantially 

20    equivalent to that of our public schools.

21                 To abandon that balance in favor of 

22    appeasing extremists who fear teaching English, 

23    math and science or classifying doing so as 

24    "woke" is a direct assault on the futures of tens 

25    of thousands of children.


                                                               3022

 1                 This proposal would do away with 

 2    that balance by redefining substantial 

 3    equivalency.  It robs the Board of Regents and 

 4    the New York State Education Department of their 

 5    roles in enforcing the Education Law and creates 

 6    an education policy by substituting the judgment 

 7    of educators for that of politicians.

 8                 This represents a stain on our 

 9    state's longstanding commitment to equity and 

10    opportunity.

11                 Under this bill, schools deemed 

12    substantially equivalent may still not provide 

13    the sound, basic education that our children 

14    deserve, and the objection of complaining parents 

15    would fall on deaf ears as the New York Education 

16    Department would be precluded, precluded from 

17    enforcing the law and finding those schools to be 

18    nonequivalent.  The Legislature should not bind 

19    our education experts' hands in such a fashion.

20                 The proposed bill renders large 

21    parts of the existing Education Law moot.  Under 

22    current law, a school failing to teach civics, 

23    American and New York history, important 

24    foundation documents and critical points in 

25    history like the Holocaust would be deemed 


                                                               3023

 1    nonequivalent.  

 2                 Under the proposed bill a school may 

 3    evade that law in any number of ways, such as by 

 4    having as few as one-third of its students score 

 5    as proficient on tests the schools themselves get 

 6    to choose.

 7                 Society's interest in ensuring all 

 8    students are prepared to function as members of 

 9    civil society is at stake.  What the new bill, 

10    the new language in this bill does is define, as 

11    substantially equivalent, education that may not 

12    suffice as a sound, basic education as we know 

13    it, as exists in our law and has been established 

14    in our courts.  

15                 The bill is the result of intense 

16    lobbying of one specific interest group.  If 

17    adopted, it disadvantages a specific minority 

18    that cannot speak for itself -- students at a 

19    small number of New York's Haredi and Hasidic 

20    yeshivas.  It is their futures that members of 

21    the Legislature are keen on selling for political 

22    gain through a closed-door process that evades 

23    scrutiny by the people the Legislature 

24    represents.  

25                 I'm a Jew.  I'm the child of 


                                                               3024

 1    immigrants -- well, grandchild of immigrants.  

 2    They all came here for a better life.  They 

 3    focused on education.  Many of them did not get 

 4    an education, but they fought to make sure their 

 5    children and grandchildren did, as so many of us 

 6    did in our own history.  I want to point out that 

 7    they would have never accepted this for their own 

 8    children or grandchildren.  

 9                 I would like to point out that even 

10    some of the legislators who are supposedly 

11    supporting this -- but I don't think any of them 

12    want to identify -- would never send their own 

13    children to these schools, never send their own 

14    children to these schools, because they 

15    understand the importance of making sure that 

16    their children have a good, sound education.

17                 This bill is actually antisemitic 

18    because it's targeting a subuniverse of young 

19    Jewish children from getting their rightful 

20    education in New York State.  This will have a 

21    disparate impact on this insular minority and 

22    traditionally marginalized group.  

23                 It will also, because it extends the 

24    number of years before anyone is looking at all, 

25    for up to literally a decade -- it not just 


                                                               3025

 1    shortchanges these children, but it also has 

 2    devastating consequences in certain communities 

 3    such as East Ramapo, which has come up already 

 4    quite a bit.  It will have devastating 

 5    consequences for the Black and brown kids in 

 6    East Ramapo whose resources and funding have been 

 7    almost entirely cut off to fund these yeshivas 

 8    that often are not even meeting substantial 

 9    equivalency.  So they are now incentivized to 

10    continue their bad behavior and will be also 

11    incentivized to continue to starve the remainder 

12    of the school district from meeting its 

13    children's needs.  

14                 And so it's a circle that just keeps 

15    spreading its damage.  We should not be doing 

16    this.  It's particularly the wrong time, because 

17    we're the cusp of the U.S. Supreme Court making a 

18    decision about whether they are going to allow or 

19    require religious schools to become charter 

20    schools using government funds for their 

21    education.  

22                 With this change in law, we're 

23    actually saying:  Here in New York, if you define 

24    yourself as a religious school and you aren't 

25    meeting our most basic subminimal standards for 


                                                               3026

 1    actual education, come on down, because now 

 2    you'll sign up to be a charter and you'll use 

 3    radically more of our state education funding, 

 4    moving it out of public education into these 

 5    religious charters if apparently one more Supreme 

 6    Court judge decides to rule on this case in favor 

 7    of the religious charter schools.  

 8                 So we are opening up a Pandora's box 

 9    much, much larger than anyone seems to understand 

10    the implications of this today.  I tried to stop 

11    this from being in the budget.  I failed.  This 

12    is why I am trying to make clear that we are 

13    going to need the courts to overrule what we are 

14    doing today for the sake of not just the children 

15    who are now going to those schools, but for all 

16    our children.

17                 Thank you, Madam President.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

19    you, Senator.

20                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

21    to be heard?

22                 Seeing and hearing none, the debate 

23    is closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

24                 Read the last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 38.  This 


                                                               3027

 1    act shall take effect immediately.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

 3    roll.

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 6    Kavanagh to explain his vote.

 7                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Thank you, 

 8    Madam President.  

 9                 This bill contains a very wide range 

10    of provisions.  Some might call it some ugly -- 

11    an ugly bill because it's got so many.  But I -- 

12    and it contains a lot of things I'm very proud to 

13    support, including, as just one example, the 

14    universal school food program, which is part of 

15    our effort to access -- to make sure all 

16    New Yorkers have access to good, healthy and 

17    nutritious food.  

18                 But as chair of the Committee on 

19    Housing, Construction and Community Development, 

20    I want to highlight just a couple of items here 

21    that are -- that, you know, really constitute 

22    major housing initiatives that are in this bill.  

23                 Housing items today, 

24    Madam President, will be spread over several 

25    bills, and we'll be discussing some of those 


                                                               3028

 1    later today.  But just for context, as you 

 2    consider this bill, by my count the budget as a 

 3    whole includes about $3.6 billion of new capital 

 4    and operating subsidies for housing and community 

 5    development, including huge investments in 

 6    developing and preserving housing, protecting 

 7    tenants and homeowners from evictions and 

 8    foreclosures, fighting housing discrimination and 

 9    making sure our housing is affordable, safe, 

10    accessible and sustainable for all New Yorkers.

11                 One of the programs included in this 

12    bill represents a very long-fought victory, the 

13    Housing Access Voucher Program.  I first 

14    introduced this bill, Madam President, on 

15    February 3, 2020.  It was then and is now a 

16    critical step toward ensuring that we are 

17    committed to making sure that all New Yorkers can 

18    afford to live in our communities without having 

19    to make very tough choices between paying their 

20    rent and paying for other essential services.  

21                 Like the Section 8 program, the 

22    federal program on which it's modeled, this 

23    program will provide for residents to pay up to 

24    30 percent of their income toward their rent and 

25    the rest will be covered by the program.  


                                                               3029

 1                 As a state-funded program, it's more 

 2    flexible than the federal program.  For example, 

 3    if somebody is in an apartment and some rent 

 4    arrears are necessary to stabilize them, this 

 5    program will be able to pay up to five months of 

 6    arrears and keep somebody in their home and then, 

 7    again, stabilize them going forward.  

 8                 So it's a huge victory for tenants 

 9    but also for property owners in New York, who 

10    often get stuck with the bill when tenants are 

11    unable to pay.

12                 I do want to take a moment just to 

13    thank Housing Justice for All and the Legal Aid 

14    Society and Make the Road and VOCAL and 

15    Citizen Action, who were there five years ago 

16    when we were drafting this bill.  Many other 

17    organizations, including Enterprise and Women in 

18    Need and the Community Service Society and the 

19    Real Estate Board of New York, have been very 

20    involved since then.  

21                 And of course Andrea Stewart-Cousins 

22    and about three dozen sponsors in this house have 

23    played a big role in pushing this over the finish 

24    line, and I'm very pleased for their advocacy, 

25    especially the leader, who really went to bat for 


                                                               3030

 1    this budget.  

 2                 And of course Carl Heastie and the 

 3    Assembly sponsor, the Housing chair, 

 4    Linda Rosenthal, and Governor Hochul for 

 5    agreeing, after a very long, hard negotiation, to 

 6    enact this budget as part of -- this program as 

 7    part of this budget.

 8                 Just to quickly mention a few other 

 9    things.  This bill cuts taxes on Mitchell-Lama 

10    housing in half throughout New York City, and it 

11    invites local governments throughout the state to 

12    do the same, it authorizes them to do the same.  

13    In my district alone, that will save about 

14    $2 million in taxes on this critical housing.

15                 It also -- this bill also secures 

16    funding for our Neighborhood and Rural 

17    Preservation Programs, which are critical in all 

18    of our communities.  That's something that has 

19    been a big priority for this house and something 

20    that I'm very proud that we're taking a lead on 

21    once again.

22                 Lastly, this bill -- one 

23    disappointment is we are funding -- we are fully 

24    funding the Homeowner Protection Program.  That 

25    is a critical program to cover the costs of 


                                                               3031

 1    people who need protections when they're facing 

 2    foreclosures, homeowners, whether that be because 

 3    of mortgage arrears or taxes.  And yet once again 

 4    this bill does not -- the language that was 

 5    included in previous drafts of this bill to 

 6    codify that program has been removed.  

 7                 We did pass that bill as a 

 8    standalone last year.  It was vetoed.  And in the 

 9    meantime, we were told that that was a more 

10    appropriate subject for budget negotiations.  

11                 So although we're fully funding that 

12    program and it's a critical program, it's 

13    mystifying and sort of disappointing that we are 

14    not making that essential program part of our 

15    core housing laws today.

16                 Obviously a lot of other work has 

17    gone into this.  I want to thank the staffers.  I 

18    will name them individually in subsequent remarks 

19    on the other housing bills today, but I think my 

20    time is up.  

21                 So again, I appreciate your 

22    indulgence, and I vote aye.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

24    Kavanagh to be recorded in the affirmative.

25                 And I would like to remind all 


                                                               3032

 1    members you now have two minutes to explain your 

 2    vote, beginning with Senator Stavisky.

 3                 SENATOR STAVISKY:   Thank you, 

 4    Madam President.  

 5                 And mindful of the time, I want to 

 6    associate myself with the remarks made by 

 7    Senators Mayer and Krueger concerning substantial 

 8    equivalency.  

 9                 I too am very troubled by this 

10    decision because we have laws that we call 

11    compulsory education, and each child is entitled 

12    to a sound, basic education.  And I think the 

13    language that is proposed in this bill will make 

14    that very difficult.

15                 Secondly, many of our independent 

16    nonprofit colleges are facing unprecedented cuts 

17    coming from the federal government toward their 

18    research projects.  National Institutes of Health 

19    have eliminated funding, et cetera.  And the 

20    state's failure to restore some of the cuts that 

21    were made to the independent colleges I think is 

22    very troubling.

23                 There are other areas where the 

24    additional funding that we added to the 

25    Governor's Executive Budget may be less than we 


                                                               3033

 1    would have wanted.  But nevertheless, I think we 

 2    are trying our best to make sure that the 

 3    students of New York State receive the same kind 

 4    of opportunities that our predecessors have also 

 5    received.  

 6                 So in terms of my vote, 

 7    Madam President, I vote aye.  

 8                 Thank you.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

10    you.  

11                 Senator Stavisky to be recorded in 

12    the affirmative.

13                 Senator Borrello to explain his 

14    vote.

15                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

16    Madam President.  

17                 There's a saying that it's never too 

18    late to do the right thing.  Well, finally we are 

19    addressing the Unemployment Insurance deficit in 

20    this bill.  Thank goodness.  Of course it's been 

21    five years of us clamoring.  The interest 

22    payments and penalties that have harmed every 

23    single employer, every single employee are 

24    finally being addressed -- after about half of 

25    it's already been paid already by those 


                                                               3034

 1    hardworking businesses and families that support 

 2    the Unemployment Insurance Fund.  

 3                 It's not a government fund, it is a 

 4    fund that is supported by the businesses that pay 

 5    taxes, the employees that pay taxes.  I think 

 6    people have to understand that.  And it's been 

 7    under fire.  New York State was the only state 

 8    that took federal money and didn't use at least 

 9    some of it to plug that hole.  And every single 

10    business in New York State has paid the price for 

11    that.  

12                 I know this well, because every time 

13    we get that interest penalty bill in the mail, my 

14    wife brings it to me like it's my fault.  So I'm 

15    glad we're at least addressing that in this bill.  

16                 That being said, that $11 billion 

17    hole is also, coincidentally, the equivalent of 

18    what was the fraud experienced, according to the 

19    State Comptroller.  So essentially every business 

20    in New York State.  And now, in this budget, we 

21    are covering for the cost of unmitigated fraud 

22    that occurred during the pandemic in our 

23    unemployment insurance.  And I hope something is 

24    being done to correct that so it never happens 

25    again.


                                                               3035

 1                 The electric school bus mandate -- 

 2    again, not enough to get us across the line and 

 3    build confidence that we can do this safely.  

 4                 So for that reason and others, I'll 

 5    be voting no.

 6                 Thank you, Madam President.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 8    Borrello to be recorded in the negative.

 9                 Senator Gonzalez to explain her 

10    vote.

11                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Thank you, 

12    Madam President. 

13                 Our budget is a statement of values.  

14    It reflects what we prioritize as legislators, 

15    whose voices we're listening to, whose futures 

16    we're investing in.  And New Yorkers are looking 

17    to us to protect them through an uncertain time 

18    and political moment.  We must take bold action 

19    to protect our working-class families, our 

20    immigrant neighbors, and all of our constituents.  

21                 So I rise today because this budget 

22    could have been bolder.  Each week my office 

23    receives calls from constituents struggling with 

24    unemployment benefits.  Food pantries in my 

25    district are seeing lines down the block.  People 


                                                               3036

 1    are being priced out of their neighborhoods, and 

 2    families are deciding between paying their 

 3    medical bills, paying for childcare, and paying 

 4    for their rising utility bills.

 5                 This could have been the moment to 

 6    deliver on a bolder vision.  This could have been 

 7    the moment where we made universal childcare a 

 8    reality.  This could have been the moment we 

 9    invested in social housing and lowering our 

10    energy costs.  And this certainly should have 

11    been the moment that we tax the ultrawealthy to 

12    make this all possible.  

13                 Instead, we were pushed to respond 

14    to proposals including mask bans and discovery 

15    reform.  

16                 But we've worked hard to push past 

17    these proposals and to address New Yorkers' most 

18    pressing needs.  And in many ways we succeeded.  

19    That's a testament to the tireless work of our 

20    Legislature, our central staff, advocates and 

21    constituents who have made their voices heard.  

22                 The MTA's capital plan will be fully 

23    funded, receiving 68 billion to pay for 

24    much-needed upgrades.  The $180 million we've 

25    secured to fund psychiatric services at hospitals 


                                                               3037

 1    like Bellevue will make all of us safer.  And the 

 2    $50 million in this bill for the Housing Access 

 3    Voucher Program will help 2500 New Yorkers secure 

 4    housing.

 5                 All of these investments are 

 6    necessary as Trump and congressional Republicans 

 7    make cuts to vital programs for our constituents.  

 8                 I know our fight for affordability 

 9    will continue, and for that fight I vote aye.

10                 Thank you.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

12    Gonzalez to be recorded in the affirmative.

13                 Senator Salazar to explain her vote.

14                 SENATOR SALAZAR:   Thank you, 

15    Madam President.  

16                 There are policies in this budget 

17    bill that I enthusiastically support, such as the 

18    creation of the Housing Access Voucher Program, 

19    and others that I strongly oppose, such as the 

20    mask penalty enhancer in Part DD.  

21                 But I do believe that the proposal 

22    in Part EE to allow the commissioner to designate 

23    additional programs that would allow people to 

24    earn time off of their sentence is good, in that 

25    it is a -- it demonstrates a commitment from the 


                                                               3038

 1    Governor and the Legislature to allowing 

 2    incarcerated individuals to participate in 

 3    rehabilitative programming that is valuable to 

 4    the individuals themselves -- also to conditions 

 5    in our state prisons and to society when people 

 6    are ultimately released from incarceration.  

 7                 It cannot stop here.  While I laud 

 8    this step, this proposal in the budget, I think 

 9    that we need to do more beyond this budget vote 

10    in supporting Senator Cooney's Earned Time Act 

11    legislation that I'm proud to cosponsor, because 

12    we really should -- while this is not what this 

13    budget bill does, we should be expanding 

14    eligibility for earned time and limited credit 

15    time allowance and also increasing the impact for 

16    incarcerated individuals who participate in those 

17    programs, providing the opportunity for people to 

18    not only return to their communities and families 

19    sooner, but to do so equipped with the benefits 

20    that this programming can provide.

21                 And with that, I vote aye.  

22                 Thank you.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

24    Salazar to be recorded in the affirmative.

25                 Senator Jackson to explain his vote.


                                                               3039

 1                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Thank you, 

 2    Madam President.  

 3                 I rise today at the end of a long 

 4    and difficult road.  And after days of tense 

 5    negotiations, we are called to vote on a budget 

 6    that carries both progress and pain.  And I cast 

 7    my vote not with ease, but with conscience, 

 8    harboring significant concerns about this budget.  

 9                 And there are meaningful gains.  As 

10    chair of the Civil Service and Pensions 

11    Committee, I welcome increases to the BOCES 

12    salary cap and Special Services Aid that are 

13    steps forward, expanding access to high-quality 

14    careers and technical education that can alter 

15    the course of a young person's life.  

16                 And for the first time ever, this 

17    budget funds universal school meals, ensuring 

18    that every child from Buffalo to the Bronx to 

19    Long Island -- the entire state -- begin the 

20    school day nourished and ready to learn.  No 

21    student should have to learn on an empty stomach, 

22    and this is a quiet, powerful victory.  

23                 But even as we advance, we leave 

24    some behind.  Because when it comes to education 

25    funding, this budget falls short of the justice  


                                                               3040

 1    our children deserve.  

 2                 We commissioned a 300-page study to 

 3    modernize the Foundation Aid formula.  But 

 4    instead of embracing this full vision, the 

 5    Executive cherry-picked it to pieces.  

 6                 The Regional Cost Index was updated 

 7    but excluded New York City, leaving {inaudible} 

 8    to figure from 2006 in a city where costs have 

 9    soared and student needs have only grown.  The 

10    result, New York City schools will receive 

11    hundreds of millions of dollars less than they 

12    would have if the state had simply left the 

13    formula untouched.  

14                 And as to substantial equivalence, 

15    let's be clear.  This budget watered down the 

16    constitutional right of every child in New York 

17    to a sound, basic education.  

18                 This budget is a mixed ledger -- 

19    some gains, some grave omissions.  And I thank 

20    Majority Leader Stewart-Cousins and our 

21    deputy leader and our Finance chair for their 

22    stewardship.  And there are victories here, and I 

23    honor them.  But I vote today with a stone in my 

24    shoe and students on my mind.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   How do 


                                                               3041

 1    you vote, Senator?

 2                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Madam President, 

 3    I vote aye. 

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 5    Jackson to be recorded in the affirmative.  

 6                 Senator Chan to explain his vote.

 7                 SENATOR CHAN:   Thank you, 

 8    Madam President.  

 9                 Though I admire some of the aspects 

10    and ideas of this bill, but my colleagues also 

11    touched on a lot of components that I don't like.  

12                 The Governor, first of all, has 

13    proposed over $593.5 million for Foundation Aid 

14    to the City of New York.  The enacted amount 

15    ended up $54.7 million less, at $538.8 million.  

16    This is at a time when New York City has an 

17    unprecedented rise in English learners and 

18    underprivileged children, possibly due to the 

19    migrant crisis.

20                 Even if the enrollment falls in the 

21    City of New York, the price of education will not 

22    decline.  If a child moves away from his class, 

23    the cost of educating that class will still be 

24    the same.  Programs will have to be cut -- 

25    enriching programs such as art and music -- and 


                                                               3042

 1    our students will be deprived of a lot of 

 2    services.

 3                 I'm also not on board with the 

 4    100 percent mandate on electric school buses.  I 

 5    can see down the road having problems charging 

 6    these buses, the infrastructure.  I can see 

 7    stranded kids on out of state trips, overnight 

 8    trips.  And, I mean, that also happens with, you 

 9    know, gasoline-powered vehicles and 

10    diesel-powered vehicles.  But I can see some of 

11    the problems arising.  

12                 As a police officer of 27 years, 

13    this new discovery law and the mask ban does 

14    absolutely nothing to help our cops out there to 

15    prevent crime and to address our quality-of-life 

16    issues.

17                 So I agree with my colleagues in our 

18    conference that this bill doesn't resonate well, 

19    especially with the sentiments of my district of 

20    South Brooklyn.  And I vote always with my 

21    constituents in mind.  

22                 On behalf of the people of New York 

23    State Senate District 17 in South Brooklyn, I 

24    vote no.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 


                                                               3043

 1    Chan to be recorded in the negative.

 2                 Senator Walczyk to explain his vote.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

 4    Madam President.  

 5                 I believe if you do the crime, you 

 6    do the time, and so do many New Yorkers.  But we 

 7    do have laws on the books allowing convicts to 

 8    better themselves while they're incarcerated in 

 9    New York, prove that they're ready for release 

10    and actually reduce their sentence.  Throughout 

11    the budget conversations, some talked publicly.  

12    The Governor mentioned that there would be no 

13    early release for violent criminals who have been 

14    convicted.  

15                 However, this bill does the exact 

16    opposite of that, and snuck into this bill is an 

17    expansion of the power of the Corrections 

18    commissioner to take the laundry list of programs 

19    currently that are in state law that could prove 

20    that you are rehabilitating yourself, and instead 

21    give that authority to the DOCCS commissioner in 

22    order to create whatever program they'd like in 

23    order to reduce the population in their prison.

24                 And the reason is the Governor has 

25    completely broken our prison system, ignored 


                                                               3044

 1    calls for safety, and now doesn't have the staff 

 2    to operate.  So instead of addressing these 

 3    safety issues in our correctional facilities, 

 4    instead of rehiring the 2,000 corrections 

 5    officers she fired, she wants to shorten 

 6    sentences of felons and violent criminals, 

 7    releasing them back into the community.  

 8                 And I would say if the programs had 

 9    been running really well the way that they are 

10    right now, okay, maybe it will be all right and 

11    our communities won't be in danger.  But 

12    currently in the State of New York one in five 

13    released from prison will be back in prison 

14    within three years.  The overall recidivism for a 

15    crime in New York State is 66 percent.  

16                 This is not helping the incarcerated 

17    individuals become members of their community 

18    again, and it's certainly not making our 

19    communities safer.  

20                 You do the crime, you do the time.  

21    I vote no.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

23    Walczyk to be recorded in the negative.

24                 Senator Weik to explain her vote.

25                 SENATOR WEIK:   Thank you, 


                                                               3045

 1    Madam President.  

 2                 No state in the United States 

 3    currently operates exclusively with electric 

 4    buses.  Why?  Because it's just not yet possible.  

 5    And New York is no exception.  

 6                 With a lack of grid capacity and the 

 7    cost of creating a grid which is millions of 

 8    dollars per bus yard, the cost of electricity to 

 9    charge buses on a daily basis, storage for 

10    charging buses so that they can charge properly, 

11    fire safety and creating a reliable method of 

12    putting out fires when these buses catch on fire, 

13    and supply and demand -- when demand goes up, 

14    supply goes down and cost goes up.  

15                 And so we see a trend here which is 

16    unaffordable.  This mandate is unaffordable.  

17    This is an outrageously expensive mandate with no 

18    flexibility, and it's just not even possible.  

19    Even with the two extensions of time, it will 

20    require a huge layout of money.  

21                 And for that -- and just -- this 

22    mandate just cannot be met in this time frame.  

23                 And for that and many other reasons, 

24    Madam President, I vote no.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 


                                                               3046

 1    Weik to be recorded in the negative.

 2                 Senator Mayer to explain her vote.

 3                 SENATOR MAYER:   Thank you, 

 4    Madam President.  

 5                 As I've explained areas in which I 

 6    have concern, I do want to say that there are 

 7    many positive aspects of this bill with respect 

 8    to education, and they were hard-fought, 

 9    including not having any district suffer a loss 

10    from last year's money.  This is a testament to 

11    our Majority Leader and to our conference's 

12    commitment to education, both public and 

13    nonpublic.  

14                 I'm especially proud that we have 

15    won a long-overdue reinvestment in our CTE 

16    programs for both BOCES and the Big 5 school 

17    districts.  These are life-changing programs, and 

18    we needed to invest in them, and I'm proud that 

19    we have.

20                 We also are providing universal free 

21    school meals available to every student in our 

22    state, reasonable changes to give districts 

23    additional flexibilities as they implement the 

24    electric school bus transition, acknowledging 

25    districts that have charter oversaturation 


                                                               3047

 1    requiring additional help, and credit to the 

 2    Governor and the teachers union for investing in 

 3    our children's mental health and well-being by 

 4    banning cellphones in schools, with the assurance 

 5    that parents will be able to reach their child in 

 6    the event of an emergency.

 7                 So we have accomplished a great 

 8    deal.  While it is far from perfect and there are 

 9    things with which I disagree, on balance, we have 

10    much to be proud of, of our commitment to our 

11    children and to the state of education in 

12    New York.  

13                 I vote aye.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

15    Mayer to be recorded in the affirmative.

16                 Senator Bynoe to explain her vote.

17                 SENATOR BYNOE:   Thank you, 

18    Madam President.

19                 This budget has some challenges in 

20    it, but I'm heartened by some of the initiatives 

21    that have been included.  Specifically today I'd 

22    like to speak on the alternative funding to 

23    school districts that are facing saturation, high 

24    rates of saturation of charter schools.  

25                 In Senate District 6, we have a 


                                                               3048

 1    proliferation of charter schools.  Thirty-six 

 2    percent of Hempstead school communities go to 

 3    charter schools, taking over a hundred million 

 4    dollars with them.  

 5                 I'm heartened because this bill will 

 6    allow for Hempstead to receive funding that it so 

 7    desperately needs to avoid risk of laying off 

 8    teachers, closing schools, and reducing 

 9    programming.

10                 So today we will be able to ensure 

11    that Hempstead school communities will have the 

12    disparate impact that had been looming for years 

13    removed, and they will receive $24 million in 

14    funding.  And for that and for other reasons, I 

15    support this bill and I will be voting 

16    affirmatively.

17                 Thank.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

19    Bynoe to be recorded in the affirmative.

20                 Senator Bailey to explain his vote.

21                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Thank you, 

22    Madam President.  

23                 A lot of good things in this budget, 

24    a lot of tough things in this budget.  But I want 

25    to associate myself more with the educational 


                                                               3049

 1    portion of it.  

 2                 Malcolm X famously said that 

 3    education is our passport to the future, for 

 4    tomorrow belongs to people who prepare for it 

 5    today.  Not just as a legislator, but more 

 6    importantly my real job, dad.  

 7                 And so in Mount Vernon, the great 

 8    City of Mount Vernon, the jewel of Westchester, 

 9    we've had some challenges.  But I'm grateful that 

10    we have a monitor in place now in Mount Vernon.  

11    And sometimes, Why are you thinking for a 

12    monitor?  Because this was something that was 

13    universally agreed to by the district, the school 

14    board, the city.  Everybody is happy that we can 

15    put our kids on the right direction to prepare 

16    for the future.  

17                 And there's also a spin-up in that 

18    so that that district can remain ready and stay 

19    with the times, so I'm grateful for that.  

20                 I am grateful for the "Jalen Brunson 

21    of education," Chair Shelley Mayer, for helping 

22    us get some exceptions in the bell-to-bell 

23    conversation.  Because sometimes our children are 

24    facing real things.  Sometimes they are 

25    responsible for the care of others.  While this 


                                                               3050

 1    may take away from their educational experience, 

 2    sometimes there needs to be a reason why a child 

 3    may need to have access to a device or a way to 

 4    do it.  So I'm grateful to our leader and to 

 5    Senator Mayer for being able to carve that out.  

 6                 And what I would say is this.  None 

 7    of us would drive on an empty tank of gas.  We 

 8    can't.  So how could you expect a child to learn 

 9    on an empty stomach?  It simply doesn't happen.  

10    We get angry, some of us can't function without 

11    coffee.  So how the hell can we expect our kids 

12    to learn if they can't eat?  Universal school 

13    meals is going to be part of that passport to the 

14    future.  It may not seem like a huge thing now, 

15    but a kid getting something to eat where there 

16    may not be a meal elsewhere, that will change 

17    their life, Madam President.  

18                 And for those reasons and many more, 

19    I proudly vote in the affirmative.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

21    Bailey to be recorded in the affirmative.

22                 Senator Fahy to explain her vote.

23                 SENATOR FAHY:   Thank you, 

24    Madam President.  

25                 I too rise to vote up, vote yes on 


                                                               3051

 1    this budget bill.  But I also want to recognize 

 2    some of the tradeoffs in that vote.

 3                 First of all, on the positives, I 

 4    too want to emphasize a number of the education 

 5    pieces that are very positive in this bill, 

 6    including the universal free meals that I think 

 7    have been long in the making and will be 

 8    game-changers for many of our children.

 9                 I appreciate that we are giving some 

10    flexibility on the EV school buses, which is 

11    very, very needed, given the headwinds that we 

12    have run into with implementation on that.  

13                 Also very pleased that we are giving 

14    long-overdue increases on the salary cap with 

15    BOCES.  

16                 Thrilled to see the bell-to-bell 

17    cellphone plan, another overdue one, while giving 

18    the necessary flexibility with the implementation 

19    of that.

20                 And one of my favorite pieces, as 

21    the former Higher Ed chair in the Assembly, is 

22    the free targeted community colleges for 

23    nontraditional students, which I think will 

24    really be a game-changer in many of our areas.

25                 I also want to add and commend the 


                                                               3052

 1    chair of the Education Committee as well as the 

 2    chair of the Higher Education Committee for 

 3    raising their concerns in opposition to the 

 4    substantially equivalent pieces of the budget, 

 5    and I share their concerns and opposition.

 6                 With that, I want to note the 

 7    support for tightening up on the discovery 

 8    reforms, and hope that this will lead to not 

 9    dismissing, arbitrarily dismissing cases, 

10    including domestic violence.  

11                 Thrilled with the UI benefits 

12    that -- again, long-term advocacy.  And very 

13    pleased with the housing access vouchers.  

14                 With that, again, with all these 

15    tradeoffs noted on the good and the bad, I vote 

16    in the affirmative.

17                 Thank you, Madam President.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

19    Fahy to be recorded in the affirmative.

20                 Senator Hinchey to explain her vote.

21                 SENATOR HINCHEY:   Thank you, 

22    Madam President.  

23                 I rise today to thank the leader, 

24    Andrea Stewart-Cousins, and our entire conference 

25    and the Legislature for fighting tooth and nail 


                                                               3053

 1    for a budget that we could be proud of.  

 2                 This budget that we're voting on 

 3    yesterday and today does leave a lot to be 

 4    desired.  But there is one shining -- one shining 

 5    element in this budget today, and that is, as 

 6    we've heard from some of our colleagues, the 

 7    expansion of universal school meals.  

 8                 This is something that we in our 

 9    conference have fought for for the last five 

10    years.  We have worked on increased expansions 

11    year over year, providing universal meals, free 

12    breakfast and lunch to students across the state.  

13    But we've been unsuccessful in making sure that 

14    every student in New York had free breakfast and 

15    lunch.  

16                 This budget right now that we are 

17    voting on will ensure every student does not have 

18    to worry about where two meals a day during the 

19    school year are going to come from.  

20                 While we were not successful in 

21    changing and expanding the Farm-to-School program 

22    to include breakfast to make sure that we could 

23    expand markets for our farmers and ensure that 

24    the food that our kids are eating is healthy 

25    food, healthy and nutritious, locally sourced 


                                                               3054

 1    food, we are providing universal school meals, 

 2    and we will fight next year to ensure that we can 

 3    expand the 30 percent threshold.

 4                 I'm also incredibly proud of the 

 5    increase in BOCES salary reimbursement for the 

 6    first time in 30 years, and expanding the 

 7    eligible grade reimbursement for our career and 

 8    technical education for our students.  But we 

 9    have a lot more work to do.  

10                 I did want to take a moment to 

11    celebrate the full expansion and phase-in of 

12    universal school meals, and for that reason I'm 

13    proud to vote aye.

14                 Thank you.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

16    Hinchey to be recorded in the affirmative.

17                 Senator May to explain her vote.

18                 SENATOR MAY:   Thank you, 

19    Madam President.  

20                 I also rise to thank the 

21    Majority Leader and our incredible counsel and 

22    staff who negotiated so fiercely on behalf of the 

23    people of this state.  

24                 And I want to share my colleagues' 

25    frustration.  We've spent the last four months 


                                                               3055

 1    dealing with distractions like masks and 

 2    discovery when we should have been laser-focused 

 3    on protecting the people of this state from the 

 4    tsunami of terrible policies coming out of 

 5    Washington.  

 6                 There are a few things in this 

 7    budget that we are doing that really do push 

 8    back, and universal school meals is one of them, 

 9    at a time when the federal government is talking 

10    about defunding school lunches and SNAP and Meals 

11    on Wheels and all kinds of food-security items 

12    that they have carried for a very long time.  

13                 We also are helping our small 

14    businesses -- that are facing terrible pressures 

15    from tariffs and from raids on their 

16    workforces -- with the Unemployment Insurance 

17    funding.

18                 And we are putting money in for 

19    refugee resettlement that is badly needed when 

20    the federal government just abandoned the 

21    refugees who arrived here in the last year.  

22                 So I'm pleased that we're doing all 

23    of those things, but I hope now, once the budget 

24    is completely done, that we will be able to come 

25    together and really focus on addressing these 


                                                               3056

 1    terrible, damaging policies that are coming out 

 2    of Washington, and really making sure that our 

 3    state is a model for protecting its citizens in a 

 4    difficult time.

 5                 Thank you.  I vote aye.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 7    May to be recorded in the affirmative.

 8                 Senator Webb to explain her vote.

 9                 SENATOR WEBB:   Thank you, 

10    Madam President.  

11                 I rise just to highlight a couple of 

12    things on this particular bill, specifically the 

13    investments we're making in education.  

14                 I want to also thank the Majority 

15    Leader for her leadership during this budget 

16    process and her unwavering dedication to students 

17    and teachers.  

18                 As has been stated, over the course 

19    of this budget we have been having lengthy 

20    debates, negotiations, but one thing that has not 

21    changed, and that is our commitment to educating 

22    our students.  And as it has been stated, 

23    investments -- expanding investments in programs 

24    like universal school meals, which allow our 

25    students to be connected to resources that 


                                                               3057

 1    address some of their fundamental needs for food, 

 2    and especially during a time where we continue to 

 3    see devastating cuts to these type of programs at 

 4    the federal level.

 5                 The investments to expand BOCES, the 

 6    salary reimbursement, in 30 years cannot be 

 7    understated.  This has been a long, hard fight 

 8    and I'm appreciative that we were able to get 

 9    this in the budget.  

10                 And, of course, fully funding our 

11    schools with over $26 billion in Foundation Aid, 

12    continuing our commitment to this important 

13    issue.  

14                 In our Senate one-house, we pushed 

15    for more funding for schools, and we will 

16    continue to do that, as this is a priority, 

17    because we know that it is important to the 

18    future of our students.

19                 Also, the investments in housing, 

20    worker protections and many others -- all of this 

21    indicates our continued investment.  But we also 

22    know that there's more work to do.  

23                 So I want to thank my colleagues for 

24    the continued efforts we're making.  And also I 

25    want to say congratulations to my niece, who is 


                                                               3058

 1    being inducted into Honor Society.

 2                 (Laughter.)

 3                 SENATOR WEBB:   I vote aye.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 5    Webb to be recorded in the affirmative.

 6                 Senator Lanza to explain his vote.

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   Thank you, 

 8    Madam President.  

 9                 I don't believe public safety is a 

10    distraction.  If you're one of the tens of 

11    thousands of victims of crime in New York, that 

12    is not a distraction to you.

13                 Discovery.  We've listened to the 

14    public debate about it for 38 days.  In this 

15    legislation, nothing has been done to change it.  

16    Discovery reform, so-called, that was enacted a 

17    number of years ago is exactly the same and in 

18    the same form as it was then.  

19                 If you are a would-be criminal who 

20    wants to commit a crime and get away with it by 

21    putting a mask on your face, the law here says do 

22    it.  Because you will not suffer an additional 

23    second of penalty by doing it.

24                 New Yorkers watched over the last 

25    38 days the standoff between the Governor and the 


                                                               3059

 1    Legislature.  What we were told was the holdup 

 2    preventing an on-time budget was a few issues -- 

 3    namely, discovery and masks.  My colleagues 

 4    across the aisle said, We're not budging.  The 

 5    Governor said, I'm not signing a budget that 

 6    doesn't include those.

 7                 Well, my colleagues across the aisle 

 8    clearly won.  The Governor lost.  And sadly, 

 9    Madam President, I believe the people of New York 

10    lost as well.  

11                 And for those and other reasons, I 

12    vote no.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

14    Lanza to be recorded in the negative.

15                 Senator Krueger to explain her vote 

16    and to close.

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you, 

18    Madam President.  

19                 You know, this bill -- as I said, 

20    I'm voting for it despite concerns about certain 

21    sections -- has a lot of incredibly good things 

22    in it.  And so I just thought I'd point out this 

23    is education, labor, family assistance.  We've 

24    already heard about the importance of universal 

25    school meals, an issue I worked on before I was 


                                                               3060

 1    even a Senator, and so excited that we're finally 

 2    getting it over the finish line.  

 3                 Some truly desperately needed 

 4    assistance for vouchers for rent for the poorest 

 5    families in New York City.  

 6                 And so we had leadership from chairs 

 7    of so many committees that made a difference in 

 8    getting us to this bill.

 9                 And I must admit I was sort of 

10    fascinated that my colleagues who are voting no 

11    on this bill seem to have a little obsession 

12    against electric buses.  It's not really the 

13    biggest issue in education, labor and family 

14    assistance.  And actually all the research shows 

15    they're actually safer, they're cleaner, they 

16    don't pollute, they're quieter.  They are more 

17    expensive to start but have lower maintenance 

18    costs.  We've put money in, and the timeline for 

19    ever having to get there is extraordinarily long.  

20                 So I'm just not sure why everybody 

21    thinks this is what 19.5 million New Yorkers 

22    fixate on, but so be it.  

23                 I vote yes, Madam President.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

25    Krueger to be recorded in the affirmative.


                                                               3061

 1                 Announce the results.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 3    Calendar 973, voting in the negative are 

 4    Senators Borrello, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chan, 

 5    Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, Lanza, Martins, 

 6    Mattera, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, 

 7    Rhoads, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk and Weik.

 8                 Ayes, 44.  Nays, 18.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

10    is passed.

11                 Senator Serrano, a point of 

12    privilege, as people have been asking.  The 

13    question was asked, Will we have an enacted 

14    budget before we have a pope?  

15                 (Laughter.)

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   And the 

17    question has been answered.  We have the first 

18    American pope:  Leo XIV.

19                 (Standing ovation.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    Secretary will read.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

23    972, Senate Print 3004D, Budget Bill, an act 

24    making appropriations for the support of 

25    government.


                                                               3062

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Another 

 2    point of personal privilege.  The pope is a 

 3    Villanova graduate, so those of us who are Knicks 

 4    fans feel good about that.  

 5                 (Laughter.)

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 7    Martins, why do you rise? 

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   They've had a 

 9    great two games, Mr. President.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   We have.

11                 SENATOR MARTINS:   If the sponsor 

12    would yield for a couple of questions.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   

14    Certainly.  Will the sponsor yield?  

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Sure.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   What subsection?

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   What 

20    subsection, Senator Martins?  

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   (Sighing.)  Where 

22    to start.

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I'm still 

24    fixating on pope questions.  Sorry.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Well, why don't 


                                                               3063

 1    we start with transportation.

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   With education?

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Transportation.

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Transportation.  

 5    Not electric buses; I'm not answering any 

 6    questions on electric buses.

 7                 (Laughter.)

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I promise I won't 

 9    ask any this time, thank you.  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

11    Krueger yields on all questions not related to 

12    electric buses.

13                 Senator Martins.

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, indeed I 

15    will.  I will.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator, would 

17    you tell us, how much have we allocated in this 

18    budget for capital needs for transportation?  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President, if I can just clarify.  So this is 

21    anything in transportation, including the MTA 

22    capital plan that we discussed yesterday?  Or 

23    just the Department of Transportation?  

24                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I would limit it 

25    to the Department of Transportation -- roads, 


                                                               3064

 1    bridges.  Thank you.

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   $6.97 billion.

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And included in 

 4    that -- I'm sorry.  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 6    Martins.

 7                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Oh, of course.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Excuse me.  We're 

11    doing one of those sports substitutions.  So 

12    Senator Cooney would love to answer the 

13    questions, if that's okay.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   We will 

15    substitute in Senator Cooney.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

17    Mr. President.  

18                 If the sponsor would yield for 

19    another question.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

21    Cooney, do you yield?

22                 SENATOR COONEY:   I do.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So of the nearly 


                                                               3065

 1    $7 billion that's been allocated for I'm assuming 

 2    roads and bridges and the like, included in that 

 3    are expenses for CHIPS funding as well, isn't 

 4    that right, Senator?

 5                 SENATOR COONEY:   That's correct, 

 6    Senator.

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President, if the sponsor would continue to 

 9    yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

11    sponsor yield?

12                 SENATOR COONEY:   The sponsor 

13    yields.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Traditionally in 

17    this house and in these budgets, transportation 

18    funding is distributed by percentages or regional 

19    percentages.  Are you familiar with that, 

20    Senator?  

21                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President, if the sponsor would continue to 

24    yield?

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 


                                                               3066

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Can you tell us 

 6    how the regional shares are distributed or 

 7    allocated?  

 8                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President.  The CHIPS formula is actually 

10    determined by lane highway miles, which I'm sure 

11    you're familiar with, as well as the number of 

12    registered drivers in those various regions 

13    across the DOT state.

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

15    Mr. President.  If the sponsor would continue to 

16    yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR COONEY:   The sponsor 

20    yields.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So aside from 

24    CHIPS funding, which is about a hundred million 

25    dollars out of that nearly $7 billion we 


                                                               3067

 1    discussed, how is transportation funding and 

 2    capital funding allocated regionally?  Is it 

 3    still allocated by that same metric, registered 

 4    vehicles and lane miles?

 5                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes, it is.  It's 

 6    come up with a statewide CHIPS formula using 

 7    those exact same factors and variables.  Then we 

 8    then fund that formula and it's distributed as 

 9    such to each DOT region.

10                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, if the sponsor would continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So how many 

19    regions are there in the state that receive an 

20    allocation?

21                 SENATOR COONEY:   There are 11 -- 

22    through you, Mr. President, there are 11 DOT 

23    regions.

24                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And I guess, 

25    Mr. President --


                                                               3068

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.

 7                 Regions like Long Island, Western 

 8    New York, Northern New York, New York City, there 

 9    are different regions for different areas 

10    geographically, correct?  

11                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

12    Mr. President, that's correct.  So your region 

13    would be Region 10 for DOT.

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

15                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

16    sponsor would continue to yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    sponsor yields.  

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Can you tell me 

23    what the percentage of allocation is for 

24    Region 10?

25                 SENATOR COONEY:   (Conferring.)  


                                                               3069

 1    Through you, Mr. President.  We don't have that 

 2    specific number lined out for Region 10.  But we 

 3    can follow up and provide that to you, 

 4    Senator Martins.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

 6                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

 7    sponsor would continue to yield.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I was curious if 

14    the sponsor knew which counties in New York State 

15    had both the greatest lane miles and the greatest 

16    number of registered vehicles, the two metrics we 

17    talked about in discussing allocation of funding 

18    for transportation capital.

19                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President.  To clarify, you're asking which 

21    specific DOT regions have the highest number for 

22    those variables, to see that they would have the 

23    largest percentage increase in the CHIPS formula?  

24    Is that the question you're trying to -- 

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Correct, yes.


                                                               3070

 1                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

 2    Mr. President.  Region 8, the Hudson Valley, 

 3    would be number one.  And number two we believe 

 4    would be your region, Region 10, Long Island.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President, if the sponsor would continue to 

 7    yield.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Because it's my 

14    understanding that both Nassau County and -- 

15    actually, Suffolk County first, and 

16    Nassau County, have the most registered vehicles 

17    by county of any county in the state, one and 

18    two.  And both Nassau and Suffolk County have the 

19    most lane miles of any county in the state, both 

20    one and two.

21                 So understanding that those two 

22    counties themselves have the greatest number, do 

23    you know what the allocation is for Region 10, 

24    which comprises Nassau and Suffolk County?  

25                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 


                                                               3071

 1    Mr. President.  We don't have the specific 

 2    allocation for Region 10 available to us right 

 3    now, but we can look into the CHIPS formula and 

 4    break that out for you.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And so -- 

 6    Mr. President, through you, if the sponsor would 

 7    continue to yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So let's say it's 

14    17 percent, just for the sake of using a 

15    random and maybe not so random number.  What and 

16    how much of the funding here would be allocated 

17    for construction projects in Region 10?

18                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President.  I'm not quite sure I understand 

20    the question.  If we're using the hypothetical of 

21    17 percent, are you saying -- is the Senator 

22    saying that 17 percent increase in CHIPS for that 

23    specific region?

24                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I'll rephrase, 

25    Mr. President.  


                                                               3072

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Please 

 2    rephrase, Senator Martins.

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Is it 17 percent 

 4    of the $7 billion that was allocated in 

 5    transportation funding?  Would that go to 

 6    Region 10 if they were 17 percent over the 

 7    overall lane miles and registered vehicles?

 8                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President, I understand the question better 

10    now.

11                 If that 17 percent was their 

12    proportional share of the DOT's CHIPS formula, 

13    yes, those funds would be directed to that region 

14    for the municipalities to spend that, whether on 

15    capital projects that they have already 

16    determined or whether they have needs that they 

17    have to have their municipalities seek for 

18    additional dollars.

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.

20                 Mr. President, I have questions now 

21    with regard to economic development funding.  I'm 

22    not sure if Senator Cooney would still be the 

23    sponsor, but I have a question specifically with 

24    regard to an allocation for the Fordham Landing 

25    South project.


                                                               3073

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Fordham 

 2    Landing South project.

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Would that 

 4    perhaps be Senator Krueger?

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   I believe 

 6    it might be.  If you can just give us one second, 

 7    Senator Martins.

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   (Inaudible.)

 9                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Not at all.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

11    Krueger, do you yield?  

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Of course I 

13    yield.  But I need to hear the question again.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Of 

15    course.  Senator Martins, please -- 

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I haven't asked 

17    it yet.  

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   -- didn't hear 

19    the question, thank you.

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   But it is 

21    specifically with regard to an item that is 

22    listed under economic development, for which 

23    there is a $55 million allocation and it's called 

24    Fordham Landing South.  Can you tell us what that 

25    project is and why we would be allocating 


                                                               3074

 1    $55 million of state capital for such a -- what I 

 2    believe is a private project?  

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   (Conferring.)  I 

 4    have to learn myself.  

 5                 So apparently it is a Governor's 

 6    project.  It is a -- it's in the Bronx.  It's a 

 7    mixed-housing project with a significant 

 8    affordable component.  I don't have the 

 9    percentage or numbers right now.  And that's 

10    actually what I know.  

11                 But we will try to get you a better 

12    answer, because staff is going to find me better 

13    answers and I can get back to you with more 

14    later.

15                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

16                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

17    sponsor would continue to yield.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

22    sponsor yields.  

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator, I also 

24    looked it up.  I did a quick search on my phone 

25    and I did find it to be a private development.  


                                                               3075

 1    But I find it again unusual.  And the reason for 

 2    my question is allocating $55 million for a 

 3    private development that is not publicly operated 

 4    seems extraordinary to me, and so I'll await your 

 5    response.

 6                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President.  Most of our affordable housing 

 8    funds that go through a variety of different 

 9    programs end up being for private developers 

10    building that housing.  We have almost done no 

11    building of public housing in a very, very long 

12    time.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

14    Mr. President, if the sponsor would continue to 

15    yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Absolutely.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   No, I understand 

22    that there sometimes are opportunities through 

23    IDAs and the like to provide either tax benefits 

24    or PILOTS and some sort of incentives.  There 

25    have been 421-a programs, for example, in the 


                                                               3076

 1    past.  

 2                 But would you agree that it is 

 3    unusual for there to be a specific allocation of 

 4    $55 million for a project not facilitating 

 5    bonding and borrowing, not giving them some sort 

 6    of tax incentives or a PILOT program, for 

 7    example.  But actually allocating $55 million 

 8    towards a private development project at the 

 9    Governor's request should be reviewed.  And so 

10    I'll await your response as well.

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

12    Mr. President.  I don't actually disagree.  I'd 

13    be surprised if when we learn more information 

14    this doesn't also include tax credits, other 

15    categories of funding.  Because I've never seen 

16    any affordable housing project in the State of 

17    New York that didn't involve a combination of 

18    different funding streams.  

19                 So I'm going to ask staff to try to 

20    get a full analysis of what the story is here, 

21    because it's a perfectly reasonable question 

22    about this.  Thank you.

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

24    Senator.  

25                 Mr. President, through you, if the 


                                                               3077

 1    sponsor would continue to yield.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I have a few 

 8    questions regarding housing, but I'll ask the 

 9    sponsor to yield shortly.  

10                 But since we're chatting, I'll ask 

11    you, there is an allocation in this budget for 

12    $385 million.  It's -- I guess it's not very 

13    specific.  It speaks to it being pursuant to plan 

14    agreed to by the Director of the Budget, the 

15    Speaker of the Assembly, and the President 

16    Pro Tem of the Senate.  

17                 Are you familiar with that 

18    allocation?  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, sir.  I 

20    believe that is a continuation of a program we 

21    have been calling CREST, which is a discretionary 

22    capital fund divided three ways:  Senate, 

23    Assembly, Governor.  And if you give me a second, 

24    I'll tell you what C-R-E-S-T stands for.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I think it's 


                                                               3078

 1    right here.  Community Resiliency, Economic 

 2    Sustainability and Technology.

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Great when one of 

 4    us knows the answers, yes.  Thank you.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.

 6                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

 7    sponsor would continue to yield.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?  Are you asking Senator Krueger to 

10    yield or Senator Kavanagh or --

11                 (Overtalk.)

12                 SENATOR MARTINS:   No, no.  

13    Senator Krueger.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

15    Krueger, do you yield?  

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   We're on a roll 

17    here, yes, sir.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   All 

19    right, the sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

21    Mr. President.

22                 So how is the $385 million allocated 

23    between the Senate, the Assembly, and the 

24    Governor?

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   It's split three 


                                                               3079

 1    ways.  So a third goes to the Governor's 

 2    discretion, a third to the Assembly discretion, 

 3    and a third to the Senate discretion.  And at 

 4    least here in the Senate, that goes through our 

 5    leader, Andrea Stewart-Cousins.

 6                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President, if the sponsor will continue to 

 8    yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.  

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So roughly, if my 

15    math is right, $130 million per -- for each of 

16    the Governor, the Assembly and the Senate.

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   That's 

18    approximately right.

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

20                 Through you, Mr. President, if the 

21    sponsor will continue to yield.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 


                                                               3080

 1    sponsor yields.  

 2                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And so is the 

 3    $130 million allocated to the Senate, is that 

 4    solely at the discretion of the President Pro 

 5    Tem?  Is it allocated per Senate district, per 

 6    Senator?  Is it allocated at the -- a person's 

 7    sole discretion?  Is there a committee?  

 8                 Let me ask this differently.  How is 

 9    it allocated in the Senate?  

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   It is at the 

11    discretion of the Majority Leader of the New York 

12    State Senate.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

14    Mr. President, if the sponsor would continue to 

15    yield.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Are there any -- 

22    to your knowledge, are there any conditions or 

23    terms by which this money is distributed?  

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President.  I do believe that there are 


                                                               3081

 1    specific standards of what kind of projects are 

 2    eligible, what kinds of -- whether it's 

 3    government-affiliated or not-for-profits.

 4                 (Conferring.)  Usually in most 

 5    circumstances the project needs to be somehow 

 6    government-affiliated.  There are maximums and 

 7    minimums and requirements for documentation of 

 8    how you would complete your project, because the 

 9    assumption is you would rarely be getting a full 

10    amount from the state.

11                 So there are standards.  There's 

12    actually paperwork you have to fill out.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

14                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

15    sponsor would continue to yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.  

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So there are 

22    63 Senate districts in New York State, each one 

23    roughly having 330,000 or so residents.  Is there 

24    a -- any allocation, by Senate district or 

25    otherwise, so that that money is distributed 


                                                               3082

 1    throughout the State of New York?

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I'm not privy to 

 3    a breakdown of that money in any given year.  

 4                 Sorry, I don't know.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President, if the sponsor would continue to 

 7    yield.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.  

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Last year, last 

14    year I believe there was a similar $385 million 

15    allocated.  Would you be able to tell us how that 

16    $385 million was allocated with regard to 

17    specifically to the New York State Senate's 

18    one-third portion?  As chair of Finance I would 

19    assume you'd have some knowledge as to how 

20    $130 million was allocated by this chamber, and 

21    maybe you can share that with us.

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President, I do not have actually that 

24    breakdown.  I can request it.  It's not something 

25    that actually does go through the Finance 


                                                               3083

 1    Committee per se, or me as Finance chair, because 

 2    it is funding through the discretion of the 

 3    leader.  So I don't -- and my staff here don't 

 4    seem to know that information either.

 5                 Sometimes as I don't think will 

 6    surprise any of us, when you do capital awards it 

 7    can be years before the actual capital money goes 

 8    out the door.  So even the question is reasonably 

 9    on last year's budget, it's quite conceivable 

10    that only a small percentage of that capital 

11    money has actually gone out to recipients yet 

12    because of the -- all the requirements before you 

13    get the money.

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

15    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

16    yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Oh.  Oh, I'm 

20    sorry, I just learned we post awards on the 

21    website.  So apparently we can all take a look.  

22    Once they get approved?  Oh, when they're 

23    awarded.  So we can all take a look.

24                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

25                 Mr. President, if the sponsor would  


                                                               3084

 1    continue to yield.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Of course.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So to your 

 8    knowledge, Senator, have allocations been made to 

 9    members of the Senate for their districts?

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   In past years?

11                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Yes.

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Have allocations 

13    been made to members of --

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Of the Senate for 

15    allocation in their district.

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

18    Mr. President, if the sponsor would continue to 

19    yield.  

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Not this year 

21    yet.  We haven't finished this year.  Last year's 

22    money.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   On the 

24    answer.  Now, Senator Krueger, will you yield?  

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.


                                                               3085

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.  

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And so to your 

 4    knowledge, were those $130 million allocated to 

 5    any Senators that represent districts in New York 

 6    State who were elected as members of the 

 7    Republican Party?  

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Again, I think we 

 9    need to take a look at the website.  But I 

10    believe that Senator Stewart-Cousins has said 

11    that there is an allocation that goes to the 

12    leader of the Republicans in the Senate and that 

13    then he makes those discretionary decisions on 

14    behalf of your districts.

15                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

16    through you, if the sponsor could continue to 

17    yield.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

19    sponsor yield? 

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Do you, Senator, 

24    know how much is allocated to the leader of -- or 

25    the Minority Leader of the State Senate?  


                                                               3086

 1                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 2    Mr. President, I do not.  Maybe Senator Martins 

 3    can ask his leader.

 4                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

 5    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

 6    yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield? 

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So it's 

13    $385 million, it's $130 million in this chamber.  

14    As chair of the Finance Committee, it's a lot of 

15    money and it's a great responsibility to 

16    understand how monies are spent in New York 

17    State.  And certainly, Senator, I know how 

18    intelligent and thoughtful you are when it comes 

19    to your responsibilities.  

20                 Are you saying you don't know how 

21    much money is actually allocated to the Minority 

22    in the State Senate from last year's $385 million 

23    allocation?

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, that is correct.  


                                                               3087

 1                 And also just to clarify.  So the 

 2    money can be recommended by each leader.  It then 

 3    goes through a formal process outside of the 

 4    hands of the Legislature.  Again, as I described, 

 5    there's an application process.  You have to meet 

 6    certain standards.  The entity applying has to 

 7    meet certain standards.  The agencies -- and 

 8    often, because this is capital, it goes through 

 9    DASNY, although it could go through other 

10    agencies as well.  It has to meet that agency's 

11    standards -- again, I'm using the example of 

12    DASNY -- and ultimately be signed off by the 

13    Comptroller.  

14                 So there are many different 

15    government entities with their hands, so to 

16    speak, in this process.  

17                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

18                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

19    sponsor would continue to yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

21    sponsor yield? 

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, of course.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So, Senator, the 


                                                               3088

 1    allocation is pursuant to a plan by the Speaker 

 2    of the Assembly, the Division of Budget -- which 

 3    effectively is the Governor -- and the President 

 4    Pro Tem of the Senate.  And all three of them 

 5    have to sign off on this plan in order for the 

 6    money to actually be allocated.  

 7                 And I'm going to go out on a limb 

 8    and I'm going to ask you to go out there with me, 

 9    because I think we'll both be safe in saying that 

10    all three of them know full well how it's going 

11    to be allocated because they require all three of 

12    them to sign off in order to disburse the money.  

13                 Would you agree?

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   All three of them 

15    would need to sign off on the disbursal of the 

16    money.

17                 SENATOR MARTINS:   On a plan, as 

18    it's referenced in the legislation.  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I actually don't 

20    know whether this is some kind of three-way MOU 

21    or this is literally -- remember the word MOU?  

22    We used to use it all the time here, memorandum 

23    of understanding?  I don't know whether it's an 

24    MOU or it's just -- it's in the budget so then 

25    the Governor's people know that they have X 


                                                               3089

 1    amount of the pot, the Assembly knows they have Y 

 2    amount of the pot, and the Senate knows they have 

 3    Z.  And I'm not actually sure if we each sign off 

 4    on it as a group or it's just sort of one-off by 

 5    each of those three entities.  I just don't know.

 6                 (Conferring.)  So no, I'm told it is 

 7    more of a one-off.  It's not that all three 

 8    entities have to agree on each piece of spending.

 9                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

10                 Mr. President, if the sponsor would 

11    yield for one more question.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Last question.  

18    Is it the Secretary of the Finance, you know, in 

19    the Majority's -- I guess in the Majority 

20    Leader's inner circle?  Is that person the person 

21    who signs off on these allocations?

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President.  Again, I believe it is the 

24    Majority Leader who signs off.  It is staff 

25    within the Secretary of Finance who makes sure 


                                                               3090

 1    that paperwork is distributed, collected, 

 2    directed and, very often, years later, trying to 

 3    resolve issues within DASNY or the Comptroller's 

 4    office or some other place.  So they end up 

 5    having the administrative functions to follow the 

 6    path.

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, I 

 8    apologize, I said last question.  But this is my 

 9    last question.  One more, Senator, if you'll 

10    indulge me.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

12    Krueger, do you yield?  

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Absolutely.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So $130 million 

17    is a lot of money.  Is it your expectation that 

18    that money will be used throughout the state, 

19    regardless of partisan affiliation of 

20    representatives of this chamber, for the best 

21    interests of the districts they represent and the 

22    people they represent?  Is that your 

23    understanding as well, Senator?

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I hope that is 

25    the goal of this chamber.  I actually know that I 


                                                               3091

 1    have, quote, unquote, gone to bat to follow 

 2    through on money for a number of my Republican 

 3    colleagues for money in their own districts, 

 4    including recently $5 million for a project in 

 5    your district, Senator Martins, that I was able 

 6    to help one of your towns get completed.

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Much appreciated, 

 8    Senator, thank you.

 9                 Mr. President, how much time do I 

10    have left? 

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

12    Martins, you roughly have five to six minutes 

13    left.  We give you a little extra time because of 

14    the substitution.

15                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I thank you very 

16    much.  

17                 And with that, I will ask my 

18    colleague on some housing issues if he will yield 

19    to a few questions.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   

21    Certainly.  Senator Kavanagh, do you yield?  

22                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Happily, 

23    Mr. President.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    Senator yields.  


                                                               3092

 1                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.

 2                 You know, I see that there's about a 

 3    billion dollars that's allocated for the City of 

 4    Yes out of the State Budget.  Is that correct?

 5                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   It's -- there's 

 6    about 1.025 billion that was allocated and was 

 7    announced in connection with the City of Yes 

 8    program.  

 9                 It doesn't -- there's nothing in the 

10    budget that kind of makes it directly related to 

11    implementing the items that were part of the land 

12    use and zoning reforms in New York that were 

13    called City of Yes.  But it was announced in the 

14    fall as part of that, and it was proposed in the 

15    Executive Budget as part of that, as in 

16    connection with that.

17                 So yes, of the -- by my count 

18    there's about $2.6 billion of capital for housing 

19    and community development in this program, and 

20    about 1 billion of it was initially designated as 

21    related to, in support of City of Yes.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Since I only have 

23    about five or six minutes, I'm just going to ask 

24    a few quick questions.

25                 Mr. President, through you, if the 


                                                               3093

 1    sponsor would continue to yield.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

 5    Mr. President.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.  

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So the money 

 9    we're investing, the billion dollars we're 

10    investing in New York City for housing, which is, 

11    from what I can tell, significantly more than we 

12    were spending for the rest of the state combined, 

13    that billion dollars, is it subject to a project 

14    labor agreement?  And will that work be 

15    conditionally done with local labor?

16                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

17    Mr. President.  I know my colleague has limited 

18    time.  But it is not significantly more than is 

19    being spent in the rest of the state.  

20                 There's $2.6 billion of capital for 

21    housing and community development in the state.  

22    Some of that non-City of Yes money will be spent 

23    in New York.  But by my count the City of Yes 

24    money is 39 percent of the capital being spent 

25    statewide on housing and community development in 


                                                               3094

 1    this budget.  

 2                 I don't think we have time for the 

 3    rest of the nuances, at least in this particular 

 4    colleague's time.  But just to say we are -- 

 5    we've made a great effort to make sure that we're 

 6    spending money on critical capital needs 

 7    throughout the state, including in New York City 

 8    and rural areas in upstate programs.

 9                 This money will be divided into a 

10    wide range of programs in New York, including 

11    capital for public housing, capital for 

12    Mitchell-Lama.  Those monies will be spent kind 

13    of in the normal way those are spent, to support 

14    that housing.  

15                 There's also a half a billion 

16    dollars for new construction in New York, and 

17    there's very little detail in this budget about 

18    what those programs will look like or what the 

19    labor standards or anything else will be.

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

21    through you, if the sponsor would yield --

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   -- towards the 


                                                               3095

 1    same question, which is are there PLAs tied to 

 2    the work, and will this work be done with project 

 3    labor agreements to ensure that it's done with 

 4    union labor and local labor?

 5                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President.  Again, we're talking about 12 or 

 7    14 different kinds of funding.  I mentioned half 

 8    of that is in a program that has been designated 

 9    for construction of new housing without any 

10    detail whatsoever.  So there's certainly no 

11    detail about the labor standards that that will 

12    be spent -- although I suppose that will be 

13    developed as programs are developed.  

14                 Generally speaking, work in public 

15    housing is done with unionized labor.  Generally 

16    speaking, some of the Mitchell-Lama -- I'd say 

17    the Mitchell-Lama money varies, which is a 

18    significant chunk of this.  But I think it's 

19    going to vary depending on the program into which 

20    this money is being inserted, most of which are 

21    existing programs.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

23    Senator.

24                 Mr. President, on the bill.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 


                                                               3096

 1    Martins on the bill.

 2                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Briefly.  I would 

 3    just ask that whether it's the City of Yes, 

 4    whether it's housing programs, whether it's the 

 5    Sustainable Futures Program where there is, 

 6    again, another billion dollars that is being 

 7    spent, if we're going to make billions of dollars 

 8    of infrastructure investment in New York City and 

 9    in New York State, that we prioritize doing so 

10    pursuant to PLAs to ensure that not only is it 

11    done for a fair wage, but that it's being done by 

12    local New York residents who are going to then 

13    spend those monies in our communities and 

14    supporting our local economies.  

15                 Thank you, Mr. President.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

17    you, Senator Martins.

18                 Next up, Senator Mattera.  Why do 

19    you rise?

20                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Thank you so 

21    much, Mr. President.  And I would like to have, 

22    please, the sponsor for the Sustainable Futures 

23    Program.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    Sustainable Futures program.  I believe that's 


                                                               3097

 1    going to be Senator Harckham.  

 2                 Senator Harckham, do you yield?

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   I absolutely do.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    Senator yields.

 6                 SENATOR MATTERA:   How are you, 

 7    Senator?

 8                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Good to see you, 

 9    Senator.

10                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Good to see you 

11    also too.

12                 The Legislature modifies the 

13    Executive All Funds recommendation of a billion 

14    dollars by suballocating funds in the following 

15    manner:  450 million for building 

16    decarbonization; 50 million for EmPower+; 

17    50 million for Clean Green Schools; 200 million 

18    for thermal energy networks, public and 

19    state-owned buildings; 40 million for municipal 

20    thermal energy networks; 250 million for 

21    zero-emissions transportation, including 

22    100 million for school buses and charging; 

23    50 million for fast charging; 50 million for 

24    Charge Ready; 200 million for renewable energy 

25    projects.  


                                                               3098

 1                 Is there any language, PLA language 

 2    to protect organized labor, union construction 

 3    workers with the building trades, with all of 

 4    these projects?

 5                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President.  Number one, in the CLCPA there is 

 7    union protection language.  When this body 

 8    drafted two years ago in the budget and passed 

 9    the Climate Action Fund, we worked very closely 

10    with the AFL-CIO and the building trades, put in 

11    apprenticeship language, PLA language, local 

12    hiring language.  

13                 The whole purpose of the CLCPA was 

14    to lift all boats and include organized labor.  

15    And a lot of this is public spending, so it will 

16    be prevailing wage and union.  

17                 So for instance, the thermal energy 

18    projects are shovel-ready projects SUNY and CUNY 

19    -- actually, a lot of your members will benefit 

20    from that work.  That will be pipe trades and 

21    plumbers and steamfitters, electricians.  

22                 The installing the fast charging, 

23    again, those are public contracts either through 

24    NYSERDA or NYPA or through local municipalities.  

25    So really, with the exception of the purchase of 


                                                               3099

 1    the school buses that has been discussed during 

 2    the education session.  And those, we don't 

 3    control the labor on those.  Although I do have a 

 4    bill on that as well, to your point, for the 

 5    future we can discuss.

 6                 But basically all of this, with the 

 7    exception of the purchase of the school buses, is 

 8    for organized labor, PLA and the such.

 9                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President -- thank you for that.  

11                 Through you, Mr. President, would 

12    the sponsor continue to yield, please.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR MATTERA:   So --

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Wait one 

17    second, Senator.  

18                 Just -- I know it's rather 

19    perfunctory, but Senator Harckham, do you yield?  

20                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   I do yield.  And 

21    I'm sorry I missed your question.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR MATTERA:   No, no, no. 

25                 And one question I'm going to be 


                                                               3100

 1    asking you is obviously our good friend 

 2    Senator Krueger, you know, with the EV school 

 3    buses and everything like that, when we're 

 4    talking about the charging stations, a tune of up 

 5    to $100 million.  How much of the total funding 

 6    in this budget will assist every school district 

 7    in our state to comply with the dates of the 

 8    EV bus mandates?  

 9                 For example, my school district, 

10    Kings Park, they own 68 school buses, Senator, 

11    68.  Very frightened right now.  Each bus, 

12    $450,000 per bus.  They now have to have charging 

13    stations, special charging stations that we need 

14    to build.  You understand that.  Long Island 

15    right now, just to give you a heads up, our whole 

16    grid is antiquated.  

17                 But how is this money -- is it first 

18    come, first served?  

19                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President.  Number one, your school district 

21    who you referenced by the time we finish voting 

22    this, will have an opportunity for 100 million 

23    more than they did this morning.  And all our 

24    school districts will.  

25                 This is through application to 


                                                               3101

 1    NYSERDA.  And we recall last year, through the 

 2    good work of Senator Mayer, we set up in the 

 3    budget, in the office of NYSERDA, an office for 

 4    this school district transition to help with the 

 5    transition, to point out sources of money.  

 6                 So we had, as discussed before, 

 7    500 million in the Bond Act, a hundred million 

 8    now.  There are tens of millions in federal money 

 9    that's already come to New York and is in school 

10    districts.  So some of my school districts have 

11    gotten federal money.  Some of the bus companies 

12    have gotten money for buses to distribute to 

13    districts.  Let's hope the federal government 

14    does not cancel that program.

15                 So no, there is not enough money 

16    today for every school district to completely 

17    comply with this demand.  But as Senator Mayer 

18    mentioned, we've now put in four years' worth of 

19    waivers to get us there.  

20                 And we fully recognize that this is 

21    a process.  There are going to be ups, there are 

22    going to be downs.  You know, the goal is not to 

23    penalize our school districts.  I hear the same 

24    thing from my school districts as well.  We have 

25    an antiquated grid.  You know, if we weren't 


                                                               3102

 1    doing anything with clean energy -- through you, 

 2    Mr. President -- we would still have to upgrade 

 3    our grid because our grid is so antiquated in all 

 4    of our districts.

 5                 So, you know, we are in the process 

 6    of creating a new economy.  We are trying to do 

 7    things that much of the rest of the country and 

 8    much of the rest of the world have a year head 

 9    start on all of us.  But we will get there, and 

10    we will continue to collaborate with our 

11    districts to get there.

12                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Okay, thank you.  

13                 And through you, Mr. President, 

14    would the sponsor continue to yield, please.  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely, yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR MATTERA:   So on the 200 -- 

21    and thank you so much, Senator.  On the 

22    $200 million for renewable energy projects in 

23    this section, what projects are being targeted in 

24    this?  Because I sit -- we have very, very 

25    interesting Energy Committee meetings.  I don't 


                                                               3103

 1    know if pretty much everybody loves to go to them 

 2    lately, because they're very interesting.  

 3                 So what projects are being targeted 

 4    with this $200 million?

 5                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President.  And it's everything, right?  

 7    Yeah.  It's anything.  So I know you are a 

 8    proponent of hydrogen.  We may differ on that.  

 9    But if there is an appropriate hydrogen-related 

10    project on your district, they can apply to 

11    NYSERDA for this.  It could be solar.  It could 

12    be wind.  It could be geothermal.  Anything that 

13    really qualifies as a renewable energy project 

14    can apply to NYSERDA for this money.

15                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Okay, thank you 

16    so much.  

17                 And through you, Mr. President, 

18    would the sponsor continue to yield, please.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes, 

22    Mr. President.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    sponsor yields.  

25                 SENATOR MATTERA:   You know, we're 


                                                               3104

 1    having a huge, huge problem with our utility 

 2    bills that are skyrocketing.  Is there any 

 3    language in this budget that shows to the public 

 4    what the costs will be on these renewable energy 

 5    projects?  And how much will it cost the 

 6    ratepayers?  

 7                 So right now -- right now in certain 

 8    areas -- we have LIPA in Long Island.  National 

 9    Grid, Senator Oberacker's district, just for 

10    example, the bills have gone up 50 percent, just 

11    so you know that, 50 percent more since the 

12    inception of the CLCPA.  

13                 NYSEG, Senator O'Mara's area, 

14    Finger Lakes, over a hundred percent it has gone 

15    up with the utility bills.  

16                 If you look at the line items, is 

17    there anything in this bill that is going to 

18    offset it so it's not going to be costing the 

19    ratepayers for all that is happening here with 

20    New York State with renewable energy?

21                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President, yes, there are several answers.  

23                 Number one, this money is flowing in 

24    the same mechanism that the cap-and-invest funds 

25    should have.  And I should have started with that 


                                                               3105

 1    in the beginning, that this billion dollars is 

 2    replacing the revenue that we would have gotten 

 3    through cap-and-invest that we passed into law 

 4    two years ago that the Governor postponed.  That 

 5    would have been anywhere from 3 to 10 billion 

 6    dollars a year.

 7                 Within that is an analysis that said 

 8    the impact to New York's gross domestic product 

 9    because of cap-and-invest would be 0.02 of 

10    1 percent on gross domestic product.

11                 Number two, there is money that will 

12    go for home efficiency for moderate and 

13    low-income households to reduce their energy 

14    bills.  

15                 And number three -- and this is 

16    something that I've said before in this 

17    chamber -- that a kilowatt of clean energy is 

18    less expensive than a kilowatt of fossil fuel 

19    energy.  

20                 And the upgrades to the grid we 

21    would need to make if we weren't adding a single 

22    solar panel in the State of New York, much of 

23    that is going to maintain an antiquated natural 

24    gas network.  So just yesterday, the IEA 

25    announced a report now that 34 percent of the 


                                                               3106

 1    world's energy comes from renewables, 34 percent.  

 2    If you look at the State of Texas, the State of 

 3    Texas has no formal policy to address climate 

 4    change.  We know it's a conservative state, none 

 5    of the Governor, the Attorney General and the 

 6    Legislature, they don't talk about the need to 

 7    address climate change.  They are leading the 

 8    country in renewables because they know it's the 

 9    quickest way to scale up and it's the least 

10    expensive.

11                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

12    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

13    yield.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR MATTERA:   So, you know, 

20    we've been talking about different renewable 

21    energies, and I hope you're open-minded to 

22    retooling our existing power plants -- obviously 

23    we have this money that's allocated -- to retool 

24    our existing power plants with carbon capture.  I 

25    don't know if you realize -- and all New York 


                                                               3107

 1    State realizes right now -- we care about clean 

 2    energy, we care about our environment.  

 3                 Do you realize that in other words 

 4    right now we have frozen natural gas running up 

 5    and down with trucks that are polluting our 

 6    atmosphere right now as we speak, on our 

 7    roadways, and the energy that's needed to liquify 

 8    it to get pumped into the system because we have 

 9    a capacity shortage.  How do you feel about the 

10    Constitution Pipeline and about the NESE pipeline 

11    coming back in to, guess what, to restore, guess 

12    what, our natural gas?  

13                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Well, through 

14    you, Mr. President.  Natural gas pipelines are 

15    not contemplated.  This is renewable energy.  And 

16    so natural gas pipelines are not contemplated in 

17    this legislation.

18                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Well, through 

19    you, Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

20    yield.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    sponsor yields.  


                                                               3108

 1                 SENATOR MATTERA:   So what we're 

 2    talking about is retooling our existing power 

 3    plants, which is very -- the most economical way 

 4    and the most efficient way to move forward.  We 

 5    could talk about this all day long.  Proven.  

 6                 So my question is, that would be our 

 7    very clean-burning natural gas.  So that is 

 8    renewable energy that I'm talking about.  But do 

 9    you realize that right now we have trucks that 

10    are coming out of Chester, New York, 250 trucks 

11    that right now are being fueled up, put natural 

12    gas from Pennsylvania, and running all of our 

13    roadways, we see them all the time running up and 

14    down the Thruway.  But again, nobody is even 

15    talking about this, but this is something so 

16    important.  Are we -- could we look into this, 

17    please?  I would appreciate that.

18                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President.  

20                 Number one, I agree with the Senator 

21    that we should not be -- we want to reduce truck 

22    traffic.  You know, we have an asthma problem in 

23    this state.  We have a respiratory illness 

24    problem in this state.  You know, one of the 

25    goals of the CPA -- take away climate -- is 


                                                               3109

 1    public health.  And yesterday we had a lengthy 

 2    debate on the health budget.  That by cleaning 

 3    our air, by 2030 we can save over $7 billion in 

 4    healthcare costs -- asthma, emergency room 

 5    visits, excess heat.  Wouldn't that be great if 

 6    we could plug that money back into some of the 

 7    programs that we were talking about yesterday?  

 8                 But through you, Mr. President, I 

 9    don't accept the statement on fact that natural 

10    gas is the best way to go to retool our power 

11    plants, because it's not as cost-effective as 

12    renewables.  A kilowatt of renewable energy is 

13    less expensive.  And what is driving the cost of 

14    our utilities is our antiquated gas network.  And 

15    what's happening is we're spending our -- forcing 

16    our ratepayers to pay billions of dollars a year 

17    just to maintain this antiquated distribution 

18    system with gas when it is much cheaper to 

19    electrify and use renewables, as we are seeing in 

20    places like Texas, which is in the heart of the 

21    fossil fuel industry, and they're now leading the 

22    nation in renewables.

23                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

24    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

25    yield.  


                                                               3110

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.  

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR MATTERA:   So, you know, 

 7    it's amazing that you're saying that Texas -- 

 8    that we don't have that kind of environment here 

 9    in New York State.  But, you know, to go and sit 

10    there and say that we don't have transmission 

11    lines that are coming from other states -- that I 

12    hope that, in other words, with this money that 

13    we're looking at we have transmission lines 

14    coming from Jersey, Connecticut, right, 

15    Pennsylvania.  And no one even talks about that.  

16                 So do we have anything in this that 

17    we're going to be self-sufficient and 

18    self-reliant for the future, that we don't have 

19    to rely on other states that are ran on fossil 

20    fuels?

21                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President.  The more renewables we build in 

23    New York, the more self-sufficient we will be.  

24    We currently in New York receive a significant 

25    amount of our power from Canada, which given the 


                                                               3111

 1    trade war that's going on, will drive up rates 

 2    for New Yorkers.  

 3                 There was a threat of retaliation to 

 4    cut off power from Canada, which means we would 

 5    then need to be going to Pennsylvania and 

 6    New Jersey and other states in the compact to be 

 7    buying power on the spot market at even higher 

 8    level.

 9                 So the more renewables we have here 

10    in New York -- and believe me, I hear colleagues 

11    loudly and clearly when they say we don't want to 

12    build on our farmland, it should not be all 

13    upstate.  I agree, we need to do more with our 

14    renewables near where our power centers are.  I 

15    carry a number of bills on that.  

16                 But it's much more efficient to 

17    generate renewables where the power is needed 

18    close to the population centers.  So the more 

19    power we can generate in New York, to your point, 

20    sir, the more self-sufficient we will be.

21                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Okay.  And I 

22    thank you so much.  And through you, 

23    Mr. President.  Thank you so much, Senator, you 

24    answered my questions.

25                 Please, may I have the sponsor for 


                                                               3112

 1    the housing and community renewal, please.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   

 3    Certainly, Senator Mattera.  Senator Kavanagh I 

 4    believe would be the person to answer that.  I 

 5    guess depending on what part.  Do you know what 

 6    part it is?

 7                 SENATOR MATTERA:   What part.  This 

 8    is actually -- Senator Martins was actually 

 9    speaking a little bit on this.  So this is 

10    actually -- 

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   

12    Certainly.  Senator Kavanagh, do you yield?  

13                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    Senator yields.

16                 SENATOR MATTERA:   And I thank you.  

17    Thank you, Mr. President.

18                 And through you, Mr. President.  You 

19    know, Senator Martins just asked a quick question 

20    about the project labor agreements for -- we have 

21    $500 million proposed for capital subsidies to 

22    fund the New York construction of affordable 

23    housing of the City of New York, excuse me.  And 

24    200 million for the purposes of capital projects 

25    and other improvements at the housing 


                                                               3113

 1    developments owned and operated by the New York 

 2    City Housing Authority.

 3                 My question is, I didn't hear -- the 

 4    project labor agreements, this is obviously, you 

 5    know, taxpayers' monies.  You know, how will we 

 6    guarantee with the trades that they will be 

 7    working?  Because construction is the backbone of 

 8    the economy.  And I didn't really hear your 

 9    answer, if it was correctly, that these projects 

10    will be done with the trades, with the building 

11    trades of New York City.

12                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

13    Mr. President.

14                 Again, this budget contains about 

15    $2.65 billion in capital spending on housing and 

16    community development.  My colleague is talking 

17    about, you know, about 20 percent of that.  

18                 This budget bill does not provide 

19    the specifics as to the largest item my colleague 

20    mentioned, the half a billion dollars for new 

21    construction in New York City, how that will be 

22    spent, what those programs are, what kinds of 

23    housing will be built, what scale.  And without 

24    that detail, there is also very little detail as 

25    to what the labor standards will be in those 


                                                               3114

 1    programs.  

 2                 Notwithstanding that, large-scale 

 3    construction in New York, particularly 

 4    large-scale construction of residential 

 5    buildings -- and one assumes that if you're 

 6    spending half a billion dollars to produce 

 7    housing, you'll probably be producing some large 

 8    buildings.  In most circumstances that is done 

 9    with union-related -- union contractors with 

10    union work associated with those projects.

11                 But the decision about how that 

12    money will be spent will be made going forward.  

13    Today, we allocate it.  People are going to 

14    figure out how to divide that into actual 

15    programs through RFPs and other items that can 

16    make sure that housing gets produced.  And those 

17    documents will specify the terms.  

18                 I, as I think my colleague knows, 

19    have always been a very strong supporter of our 

20    organized labor.  And I will just note that, 

21    again, there are $2.65 billion of capital 

22    spending in this.  There are not provisions 

23    related to the labor requirements of any of those 

24    programs in the budget bill that is before us.  

25    But that does not mean that there's not a lot of 


                                                               3115

 1    union labor going into those projects.  It's just 

 2    not something that's provided for in the budget 

 3    today.

 4                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

10    Mr. President.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.  

13                 SENATOR MATTERA:   So pretty much 

14    out of the answer I'm getting no, there is not a 

15    project labor agreement.

16                 So I have something here called a 

17    peace agreement that is actually in the draft 

18    bill.  Can you explain what that is?  What is a 

19    peace agreement?  

20                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

21    Mr. President.  I couldn't hear too well there.  

22    I'm not sure -- can my colleague repeat what he's 

23    referring to and where it is?  

24                 SENATOR MATTERA:   There is actually 

25    in the bill draft, it says a peace agreement.  So 


                                                               3116

 1    is that -- so through you, Mr. President.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Pardon 

 3    me.  So the sponsor will clarify I guess the 

 4    question.

 5                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   But 

 7    actually, Senator Mattera, do you have a 

 8    question, another question?  

 9                 SENATOR MATTERA:   He didn't hear me 

10    say peace agreement.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Okay.  So 

12    Senator Mattera --

13                 SENATOR MATTERA:   I'm sorry, the 

14    Senator.  Not you.  The Senator didn't hear.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   No, all 

16    good.  By all means rephrase, Senator Kavanagh.

17                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Mr. President, 

18    is my colleague referring to a specific provision 

19    of this bill?  

20                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Yes.  So in the 

21    bill it shows that there's like a peace 

22    agreement, because obviously there's not a 

23    project labor agreement.  So if there is some 

24    kind of a picket line, a job issue with the 

25    trades outside, picketing, about the project 


                                                               3117

 1    because we don't have a local workforce and we 

 2    have -- through you, Mr. President -- and we have 

 3    out-of-state workers that are taking our jobs 

 4    away, especially with taxpayers' monies, who do 

 5    we go to?

 6                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President --

 8                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Who do the 

 9    trades -- excuse me, the union trades go to?  

10                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President.  I can think of a lot of things a 

12    peace agreement might mean.  You know, there's 

13    lots of strife in the world, and sometimes peace 

14    agreements are done.  I've heard of sometimes 

15    this concept of a labor peace agreement in the 

16    context of public spending in a lot of areas.  

17                 But I ask again, is my colleague 

18    referring to a specific provision of the bill 

19    before us, or are we just generally speculating 

20    about how one might do labor relations?  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

22    Mattera, could you clarify for Senator Kavanagh?

23                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Yes.  And I do 

24    have -- I do have that in the bill draft.  And I 

25    will -- as we're going along, I will get that to 


                                                               3118

 1    you.  Because it is in the bill draft, by the 

 2    way.  So I don't know if they can't find that.

 3                 Through you, Mr. President.  Would 

 4    the sponsor continue to yield?

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 6    sponsor yield?  

 7                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President, yes.  But just again stipulating 

 9    that it's not clear what provisions of this bill 

10    my colleague is referring to, but I'm happy to 

11    try to address his questions nonetheless.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.  

14                 SENATOR MATTERA:   So in other 

15    words, if there is any kind of a job stoppage, my 

16    question again to you, Senator, is there any -- 

17    like, okay, the building trades, Gary LaBarbera, 

18    President Gary LaBarbera gets involved, who would 

19    he go to, especially if it's something like this, 

20    to come up with, you know, something to make sure 

21    that we get the workers on these projects, the 

22    union workers on this project -- on these 

23    projects with this money?  

24                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President.  The gentleman that my colleague 


                                                               3119

 1    refers to certainly has my phone number and 

 2    probably many of our phone numbers.  

 3                 But the question of how these 

 4    capital projects are going to be developed is 

 5    going to be subject to subsequent decisions about 

 6    the terms of particular programs.  There are many 

 7    provisions of state law that have labor standards 

 8    in them.  And if this money goes to a program 

 9    that has existing labor standards, then those 

10    standards will apply.  

11                 If the city or the state put out an 

12    RFP with some of this money, perhaps those will 

13    have labor standards.  But until that happens, 

14    it's hard to say how the particular needs of 

15    workers will be covered by this provision.  Any 

16    more than it is unclear, for example, whether 

17    these will be very-low-income developments or 

18    middle-income developments, where they'll be 

19    located, how tall they'll be.  

20                 There are lots of details to be 

21    worked out, particularly about the half a billion 

22    dollars that my colleague referenced earlier.  It 

23    is an important step forward to make half a 

24    billion dollars available for this construction, 

25    along with the other $2.15 billion that we're 


                                                               3120

 1    making available in this budget.  

 2                 But I do not believe that there are 

 3    provisions in this bill that relate one way or 

 4    the other to the important question of how we'll 

 5    make sure that the workers are properly treated 

 6    in these projects.

 7                 SENATOR MATTERA:   And I thank you 

 8    so much.  

 9                 And through you, Mr. President, 

10    would the sponsor just continue to yield for just 

11    one more question.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

15    Mr. President.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR MATTERA:   And there's 

19    actually -- it's actually in Section 5, it says 

20    the labor peace agreement.  It says "For the 

21    purposes of this section, labor peace agreement 

22    means an agreement between the owner and the 

23    developer and labor organizations.

24                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, it's a little hard -- what part?  


                                                               3121

 1                 Through you, Mr. President.  This 

 2    bill has, you know, page numbers, line numbers -- 

 3    I want to be as helpful as possible here.  It's 

 4    hard, without knowing what text we're referring 

 5    to, to address the question.

 6                 SENATOR MATTERA:   All right.  

 7    Through you, Mr. President, just one more 

 8    question, would the sponsor continue to yield, 

 9    please.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

11    sponsor yield?

12                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

13    Mr. President.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR MATTERA:   So again, so this 

17    way all of the building trades understand that 

18    there is no language at all for them to go by to 

19    make sure that they're going to be on these job 

20    sites.  I know I'm being redundant.  But again, 

21    we don't have any language for all these millions 

22    of dollars that are going to protect the local 

23    workforce, local jobs for local people that work 

24    so hard, that are trained properly with 

25    apprenticeship programs.  And we have no idea 


                                                               3122

 1    who's going to be on these job sites.

 2                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 3    Mr. President.  The -- from my experience, people 

 4    in the building trades appreciate when we 

 5    allocate $2.65 billion for new construction, and 

 6    also certainly will appreciate all of our efforts 

 7    to make sure that good union-scale jobs come out 

 8    of those projects.  

 9                 This bill, which is putting forth 

10    half a billion dollars for new construction in 

11    New York, as well $2.15 billion for other capital 

12    projects in the state, as of today -- this money 

13    did not exist as of yesterday.  But if we vote 

14    for it today, there will be half a billion 

15    dollars to build lots of new housing.  And I 

16    think that is an opportunity for our building 

17    trades that they will appreciate.  And I 

18    certainly will support that the -- any efforts to 

19    make sure there are good union contractors and 

20    good union jobs, as has been the case with a lot 

21    of large-scale construction in New York.  

22                 But as of today I also have not 

23    gotten any -- I did not have this -- even though 

24    I am very frequently in touch with the building 

25    trades, I have not heard any concern that this 


                                                               3123

 1    language in this capital budget bill does not 

 2    contain specific labor provisions for these 

 3    projects, which have yet to be worked out, as do 

 4    basically all the other elements of these 

 5    projects -- of these programs.

 6                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Thank you so 

 7    much.  Thank you, Mr. President.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

 9    you, Senator Mattera.

10                 Senator Walczyk, why do you rise?

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

12    Mr. President.  Two different topics.  And 

13    whoever is available could go first.  Sustainable 

14    Futures Program and highway funding.  Sustainable 

15    Futures --

16                 (Overtalk.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   

18    Sustainable Futures is Senator Harckham.  

19                 Senator Harckham, do you yield?

20                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes, I do.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

24    Mr. President.  So NYSERDA is still collecting a 

25    systems benefit charge on every electric bill in 


                                                               3124

 1    the State of New York, right?  We're not changing 

 2    that in this budget at all?  

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   No.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 5    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    sponsor yields.  

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   But we're 

13    allocating an additional -- on top of the fee 

14    that they already extract from every New Yorker 

15    on their energy bill, we're allocating another 

16    $25.8 million in tax money to NYSERDA for their 

17    operations in this capital bill as well?

18                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President.  I think you are -- the Senator is 

20    referring to NYSERDA's special assessment, which 

21    the Governor tried to increase and we 

22    successfully rejected the increase of that 

23    special assessment.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

25    Madam -- or through you, Mr. President, if the 


                                                               3125

 1    sponsor will continue to yield.

 2                 (Laughter.)

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes, 

 6    Madam President.  

 7                 (Laughter.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I'm reading the 

11    Legislature concurs with the Executive on All 

12    Funds recommendation of $25.8 million for 

13    NYSERDA.

14                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

15    Mr. President, I believe what the Senator is 

16    referring to is the state's share of a federal 

17    program for Western New York that is not part of 

18    the Sustainable Futures capital.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

21    yield.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield? 

24                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 


                                                               3126

 1    sponsor yields.  

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I'll pivot off of 

 3    NYSERDA, at least in part, for a moment and try 

 4    to stick to specifically the Sustainable Futures 

 5    Program.

 6                 So this is a $1 billion program, is 

 7    that correct?

 8                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   That is correct.  

 9    Through you, Mr. President.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

11    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

12    yield?  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   How much was 

19    allocated in last year's budget of taxpayer 

20    dollars for the Sustainable Futures Program?  

21                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President, there was no Sustainable Futures 

23    Program last year.  

24                 The Governor created the Sustainable 

25    Futures Program as a substitute for the revenue 


                                                               3127

 1    that would have come had she implemented the 

 2    cap-and-invest as the law had dictated.  

 3                 So obviously there are some in the 

 4    environmental community who are very disappointed 

 5    that the Governor didn't move forward with 

 6    cap-and-invest.  Obviously there's some on your 

 7    side of the aisle who are probably relieved she 

 8    didn't move forward with cap-and-invest.  

 9                 But the money that was going to be 

10    generated through that was going to be allocated 

11    to these types of projects anyhow.

12                 So for the period that DEC and 

13    NYSERDA were, quote, unquote, collecting data -- 

14    which is why she said there was a need for the 

15    pause -- this will continue to build some of 

16    those community-centered projects that were 

17    contemplated in cap-and-invest and the 

18    Community Action Fund.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

21    yield? 

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield? 

24                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 


                                                               3128

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So why was 

 3    cap-and-invest delayed?  

 4                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President.  I think you would really need to 

 6    get that from the Governor.

 7                 We were all aware that DEC and 

 8    NYSERDA last year had issued preliminary findings 

 9    on three different levels of another program -- 

10    you know, high, medium and low.  It was -- it was 

11    sort of common knowledge in the environmental 

12    community that the regs were ready to go.  So 

13    this was a decision the Governor made.  Publicly 

14    they have said that they want to do two things, 

15    they want to collect emissions data so they know 

16    how to better administer the program.  And two, 

17    they want to spend time educating the public as 

18    to what is going -- the program is going to 

19    entail.  And so that was the reason the second 

20    floor publicly gave.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

23    yield.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               3129

 1                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So if we're 

 5    implementing the program using instead taxpayer 

 6    money for this $1 billion program to do what 

 7    cap-and-invest would have done, the investment 

 8    portion now shifting onto the taxpayers, is 

 9    cap-and-invest gone?  Is it unnecessary at this 

10    point?  

11                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

12    Mr. President, no.  Number one, cap-and-invest is 

13    still the law.  And the Governor and the state 

14    are being sued by a number of environmental 

15    groups for the second floor not implementing.

16                 Number two, this is a one-time 

17    $1 billion.  Cap-and-invest was -- at the low 

18    level would bring in 3 billion a year; at the 

19    high end, could bring in as much as 10 billion a 

20    year.  

21                 And so all of the kind of energy 

22    efficiency things we talk about, the grid 

23    upgrades we talk about, you know, more clean 

24    energy, buying heat pumps for folks who can't 

25    afford them -- all these kind of things were 


                                                               3130

 1    supposed to come out of this money.  

 2                 So this is just a one-time -- dare I 

 3    say a tide-us-over until we really get to 

 4    implementing that program where we really begin 

 5    to, in a formal and programmatic way, transition 

 6    our economy.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

 9    yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

11    sponsor yield?

12                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I'll save the 

16    follow-up question on the "one-time" for next 

17    year's budget.  We have a history of creating 

18    programs that we say are going to be one-time and 

19    then reallocating monies and taking additional 

20    taxpayer monies.  But I'll save that follow-up 

21    for next year.

22                 How will this $1 billion investment 

23    of taxpayer money lower energy costs for 

24    New Yorkers?  

25                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 


                                                               3131

 1    Mr. President, there are a couple of ways.  

 2                 Number one, there is money in here 

 3    for energy efficiency for low- and 

 4    moderate-income homeowners.  That will save them 

 5    money.  There's money in here for community 

 6    solar, which will save them money.  There's money 

 7    in here for the Clean Green Schools program, 

 8    which will make heating and cooling of schools 

 9    more efficient and therefore more affordable and 

10    help on the tax side there.  So there are a 

11    number of initiatives in here that will help.

12                 And then getting back to 

13    Senator Mattera's point when he asked the 

14    question -- through you, Mr. President -- about 

15    will the clean energy generation impact 

16    ratepayers, when we deregulated the grid, we 

17    separated generation from transmission.  And so 

18    the utilities cannot generate and will not be 

19    able to increase for transition there.

20                 So -- and as we said in the last 

21    debate, a kilowatt of clean energy, less 

22    expensive than a kilowatt of fossil fuel energy.  

23    So in the macro sense, you know, ultimately costs 

24    come down.  But there are some micro things -- 

25    there are many micro things in here that will 


                                                               3132

 1    help.  

 2                 And as we said, this money will be 

 3    invested back into communities.  These jobs will 

 4    be given to our local trades folks.  The 

 5    companies will be local companies.  So this -- 

 6    yes, it's a lot of money.  But when we look at 

 7    capital investment, it's just that this is 

 8    investment back into our communities, back into 

 9    jobs, back into families, and back to all the 

10    supporting entities.

11                 So there are other benefits.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

13    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

14    yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

16    sponsor yield? 

17                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I know sometimes 

21    in the parlance of government here when we say 

22    invest and we're talking about taxpayer money 

23    and, you know, we're going to save this group or 

24    that group a little bit of money, part of my 

25    question is really when I'm asking this a year 


                                                               3133

 1    from now, how much should energy bills in 

 2    New York State be reduced by shifting the burden 

 3    of a billion dollars onto taxpayers for this 

 4    Sustainable Futures Program?  How much can every 

 5    resident in the State of New York expect their 

 6    energy bill to drop over the next year?

 7                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   I -- through 

 8    you, Mr. President, I don't think it's realistic 

 9    that this $1 billion investment will drive 

10    everyone's energy bills down, especially given so 

11    many utilities have rate cases before the PSC, or 

12    will be announcing them very soon.  

13                 And as we just mentioned, generation 

14    is decoupled from utility pricing.  But these are 

15    investments that we need to begin to make in 

16    terms of changing our economy.  So for instance, 

17    we have heard -- and I'm sure you have heard -- 

18    concerns from folks who own trucking fleets with 

19    the truck mandate, about the lack of heavy-duty 

20    charging infrastructure for trucks in New York 

21    State.  We have allocated a hundred million 

22    dollars for that purpose, to begin to build out 

23    that infrastructure to show industry that we have 

24    skin in the game.  

25                 So by making these investments we 


                                                               3134

 1    are starting down a path that ultimately will 

 2    transform our economy in the process.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 4    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 5    yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I'll bite.  I'll 

12    go down that path with you.

13                 So if we're talking about fast 

14    chargers, you've got allocated out here within 

15    the Sustainable Futures Program of a billion 

16    dollars of taxpayer money, $100 million, 50 

17    million for fast charging and 50 million for 

18    Charge Ready.  How many fast chargers and 

19    chargers will that equate to?  How much can the 

20    taxpayers expect to see as far as charging 

21    stations go, for $100 million?

22                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   We can get you 

23    that.  I mean, obviously the heavy-duty chargers 

24    are more expensive than the fast chargers.  But 

25    we will get a calculation.  Unfortunately, I 


                                                               3135

 1    don't think we can get it to you for this debate, 

 2    but we'll get you the calculation.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 4    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

 5    yield?  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yeah, and if you 

 9    can -- hold on one sec.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   (Conferring.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

14    Walczyk, he's looking for further clarification 

15    to your question.

16                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Just trying to 

17    get a clarification.  

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Standing by.

19                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Just getting a 

20    number for you, sir.

21                 All right, so we don't take up any 

22    more time, they're working on some very rough 

23    calculations, but I don't want to hold up your 

24    questioning and your time.  So please go ahead, 

25    and when we get the numbers we'll get them to 


                                                               3136

 1    you.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 3    Harckham yields to your next question, Senator 

 4    Walczyk.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Excellent.  I'll 

 6    move on to the next portion that I wanted to chat 

 7    with you about, because I was listening to your 

 8    debate with my colleague earlier talking about 

 9    the $200 million that is broken out from this 

10    $1 billion taxpayer fund for NYSERDA called the 

11    Sustainable Futures Program.  And I was really 

12    curious to see how the $200 million of renewable 

13    energy projects would be defined.

14                 So if you could provide some clarity 

15    for me there, that -- I would love that.  Would 

16    this include biomass projects as renewable?

17                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

18    Mr. President.  Through the CLCPA definition of 

19    renewable energy, biomass is not considered 

20    renewable energy in the CLCPA.  But I think it 

21    has a very broad definition of many different 

22    types of projects.  We're talking about hydrogen, 

23    solar, geothermal, agrivoltaics, photovoltaics.  

24    A fairly broad -- broad array.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 


                                                               3137

 1    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

 2    yield?

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.  

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 5    sponsor yield?  The sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So you mentioned 

 7    hydrogen as being renewable.  Would that be 

 8    hydrogen manufactured through steam methane 

 9    reforming, which is the common way to manufacture 

10    hydrogen?  

11                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

12    Mr. President.  Hydrogen would qualify if it's 

13    green hydrogen -- i.e., produced with renewable 

14    energy.  As opposed to -- as we know, hydrogen is 

15    an energy-intensive process and there are a 

16    number of different processes.  Some have 

17    successfully used excess solar capacity to 

18    generate hydrogen.  That's considered green 

19    hydrogen.  Or wind.  That would count.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

21    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

22    yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.


                                                               3138

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.  

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   The Governor 

 4    proposed in her initial budget a plan for 

 5    nuclear, an overall plan for nuclear power in the 

 6    State of New York.

 7                 Would that -- would that be eligible 

 8    for the renewable energy projects here in the 

 9    Sustainable Futures Program?

10                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   So in the 

11    special assessment that we discussed earlier, 

12    there's an allocation of roughly $7 million to 

13    study nuclear in New York.  Particularly the 

14    newer smaller systems, the modular systems, some 

15    people call them.  The Governor has taken an 

16    interest in this technology.  And so the 

17    Legislature agreed to that, but we wanted to 

18    ensure that in addition to just testing the 

19    technology -- or not testing but analyzing the 

20    technology, they were also sufficiently analyzing 

21    environmental protection, public safety and cost.  

22                 Because the reason nuclear had been 

23    successful for years past was the vast amounts  

24    of government subsidies that they received.  So 

25    these systems are still very, very expensive.  


                                                               3139

 1    And you talk about, rightly, taxpayer money when 

 2    we make these kinds of investments, so we wanted 

 3    that included in the study as well.

 4                 (Pause.)

 5                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President, never mind.  The study was 

 7    dropped.  I'm sorry, we thought the study was in.  

 8    The study is out.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

11    yield.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

13    sponsor yield? 

14                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Okay, so no 

18    nuclear master plan in this budget, then.

19                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   No.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

21    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

22    yield.  

23                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   If I may --

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

25    Harckham.


                                                               3140

 1                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   -- through you, 

 2    Mr. President, to answer your question, that 

 3    would not preclude the Executive from just doing 

 4    that analysis now.  NYSERDA could do that, NYPA 

 5    could do that in the course of their normal 

 6    operations, so ...

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Would you 

 8    continue to yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

10    sponsor continue to yield? 

11                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   These projects, 

15    the $200 million renewable energy project -- and 

16    actually, all of the funding under the 

17    Sustainable Futures Program billion dollars -- 

18    would those be subject to Buy American provisions 

19    under law currently?  

20                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

21    Mr. President.  Everything in this provision is 

22    subject to Buy American.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

24    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

25    yield.  


                                                               3141

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 2    sponsor yield? 

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.  

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Can you guess 

 7    which country makes 85 percent of the world's 

 8    solar panels?  

 9                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   I would tell 

10    you, Mr. President, that that is China.  

11                 And through you, Mr. President, I 

12    would also say that is a reason for us to 

13    continue to invest here in New York and bring 

14    these technologies and these companies here to 

15    New York.  The more we spend, whether it be on 

16    heat pumps, solar panels or the like, we're then 

17    creating jobs here in New York and we're not 

18    reliant on the international trade pipeline.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

20    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

21    yield.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.  

25                 SENATOR O'MARA:   The sponsor 


                                                               3142

 1    yields.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I know you've 

 3    mentioned heat pump technology a couple of times.  

 4    Is there something for homeowners in this 

 5    $1 billion investment of taxpayer money?  Because 

 6    I know that's something people are concerned 

 7    about with the electrification of the State of 

 8    New York, whether they'll be able to even convert 

 9    their home to electric, if they even have the 

10    capacity.  

11                 Is there something here specifically 

12    for homeowners?  Because you keep mentioning heat 

13    pumps.

14                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

15    Mr. President, there is.  There's $50 million for 

16    home efficiency.  And also electrification that 

17    is in here.  And this is on top of additional 

18    home energy efficiency programs and incentives 

19    that NYSERDA and local utilities currently have.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

21    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

22    yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.


                                                               3143

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So with a 

 4    $200 million renewable energy project allocation 

 5    here, you know, we saw the Empire Wind project 

 6    just get on pause, maybe canceled.  That was a 

 7    $5 billion project.  How many megawatts could the 

 8    ratepayers -- could we expect to see from 

 9    New York State with a $200 million investment?  

10                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, that's a good question.  I don't 

12    know if we have that calculation, because it 

13    could be for different types of renewable energy.

14                 (Conferring.)  So through you, 

15    Mr. President.  There's an allocation for 

16    New York Power Authority for Build Public 

17    Renewables.  That's 3 gigs.  But again, for 

18    200 million, it's a small -- it's a small figure.  

19    You know, NYPA and NYSERDA are doing much larger 

20    projects.  But this is more for some of the local 

21    projects that are not as competitive, 

22    necessarily, as some of the larger projects.  

23                 But again, this is 200 million of a 

24    one-shot of a billion, when what we really should 

25    be doing, according to the law, is 


                                                               3144

 1    cap-and-invest, which would be a minimum of 

 2    3 billion a year, could be as much as 10 billion, 

 3    depending on how they tailor the auction market.

 4                 So that's really where we're going 

 5    to get the efficiency.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you.  

 7                 Mr. President, on the bill.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 9    Walczyk on the bill.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So I just -- I 

11    want to button up that portion before I move on 

12    to highway funding and some of the observations 

13    that I just made from this debate.

14                 One key highlight, we're taking an 

15    extra billion dollars of taxpayer money -- and by 

16    admission of the sponsor, people should not 

17    expect that investment, investment of taking that 

18    taxpayer money to reduce their energy bill at 

19    all.

20                 In addition, part of that is going 

21    to $200 million in new renewable energy projects.  

22    But we don't even know how many megawatts of 

23    energy that's going to put into our system.  

24                 This is a billion dollars that is 

25    actually going to increase the cost of production 


                                                               3145

 1    of energy in the State of New York and make your 

 2    bill go up even more.  

 3                 And with that, Mr. President, I 

 4    would ask someone to yield on highway funding.  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   

 6    Certainly.  Senator Walczyk, as a courtesy, you 

 7    have approximately seven and a half minutes 

 8    remaining.

 9                 Senator Cooney, do you yield?  

10    Senator Cooney, do you yield?  

11                 SENATOR COONEY:   I do yield.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Extreme Winter 

15    Recovery, flat the last two years.  Did it 

16    increase this year?  

17                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

18    Mr. President, it did not increase.  We put all 

19    of the funds that we could into the CHIPS bucket 

20    that I spoke to with Senator Martins.  

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

22    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

23    yield?

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               3146

 1                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   State Touring 

 5    Route program, flat the last two years.  Did it 

 6    increase this year?  

 7                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President, same answer.  All priority was 

 9    given towards the CHIPS.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

11    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

12    yield?  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   PAVE NY program, 

19    flat the last two years.  Did it increase this 

20    year?

21                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President, same answer.  All allocations were 

23    given towards the CHIPS program.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 


                                                               3147

 1    yield? 

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   the 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   The Governor's 

 8    own created Pave Our Potholes program, been flat 

 9    the last two years.  Did it increase this year?  

10                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, same answer.  All allocations were 

12    given towards the CHIPS program.  

13                 Although I will note that CHIPS can 

14    be used to do pavement and pothole refilling.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

16    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

17    yield?

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   BRIDGE NY program 

24    has been flat the last two years.  Did it 

25    increase in the budget bill before us this year?  


                                                               3148

 1                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

 2    Mr. President, all funds were allocated towards 

 3    the CHIPS program as a priority.  

 4                 But as you noted before, CHIPS can 

 5    also include work to bridges and as well as some 

 6    culverts as well.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 8    Mr. President, we'll let the CHIPS fall.  CHIPS, 

 9    they were flat --

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Are you 

11    asking the sponsor to yield?

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Oh, would he 

13    yield.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

18    sponsor yields.  

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   CHIPS, did they 

20    increase this year?  

21                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President, yes.  All allocations were given 

23    towards the CHIPS program.  We were able to get 

24    an increase in the CHIPS program.  I'm very proud 

25    to have worked to seek a $50 million increase 


                                                               3149

 1    over last year for this fiscal year, and a 

 2    commitment for next year for an additional 

 3    $50 million.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   When the orange 

13    shirts came down to the Capitol, the county 

14    highways, town highway supers came down here, 

15    they asked for us to consolidate CHIPS, Extreme 

16    Winter Recovery, and touring roads into one line 

17    of funding -- it can be a little confusing for 

18    them sometimes -- and also asked for an increase.  

19    Did we consolidate those funding streams?

20                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

21    Mr. President.  Those conversations were had and 

22    we're still open to having those conversations 

23    around collapsing some of those different funding 

24    buckets.  Understanding from those highway 

25    superintendents and a lot of the stakeholders 


                                                               3150

 1    that CHIPS is the most easily allocatable funding 

 2    source for municipalities and for counties.  But 

 3    in terms of which buckets were combined, that was 

 4    not held in the budget process.  But open to that 

 5    conversation as we go outside the budget.  

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 7    Mr. President, if the sponsor will continue to 

 8    yield.  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.  

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   They had the same 

15    request on PAVE NY and POP.  Can I assume the 

16    same answer?  

17                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

18    Mr. President, yes.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

20    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

21    yield?  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR COONEY:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 


                                                               3151

 1    sponsor yields.  

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Those orange 

 3    shirts, not just a great lobby effort and come 

 4    down here once a year, but they also do the very 

 5    important work of maintaining the safety of our 

 6    roads and highways across New York State.  

 7                 After years of being flat and 

 8    dramatic costs of business increasing, they asked 

 9    for what I thought was a pretty moderate ask for 

10    $250 million in the CHIPS program.  Why just 50 

11    and not the 250 that they were asking for?  

12                 SENATOR COONEY:   Through you, 

13    Mr. President.  We very much agree with the need 

14    for more funding for our roads and bridges.  I 

15    stood with those highway superintendents along 

16    with yourself to allocate as many dollars as 

17    possible to this program.  

18                 You'll remember that in the Senate 

19    one-house budget we were pleased to deliver 

20    125 million towards the CHIPS program.  And we 

21    weren't able to get that across the finish line 

22    in terms of the final three-way agreement.  We 

23    pushed as hard as we can because we do believe 

24    that by doing the investments in terms of 

25    structural repairs, we can make more of our roads 


                                                               3152

 1    and bridges from fair and poor condition to 

 2    excellent condition.  And we know we have to do 

 3    more, and we're going to continue to do more next 

 4    year.  

 5                 Which is why we got that two-year 

 6    commitment for not only 50 million in this year's 

 7    budget, but for next year to start 50 million 

 8    higher, so that we can continue to get that 

 9    number up closer to where our highway 

10    superintendents need us to be.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Mr. President, 

12    how am I doing on time?  How much time?

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Three 

14    minutes.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I'll go on the 

16    bill.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

18    Walczyk on the bill.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   State DOT, we 

20    gave them an additional $800 million to support 

21    their capital plan -- $800 million for the state 

22    roads.  And the state, they're buying new trucks, 

23    they're doing pretty well with their capital 

24    plan.  But we've largely ignored our local 

25    municipalities who do all of the hard work across 


                                                               3153

 1    the way.  

 2                 Local highway superintendents are 

 3    responsible for over 100,000 center lane miles 

 4    across the State of New York.  How can they 

 5    afford to maintain 8600 bridges if we can't even 

 6    increase them what they've asked year over year?  

 7    Flat after a number of years.  And $50 million is 

 8    a lot of money, but when you're throwing $20 

 9    million at a World Cup that's not even coming to 

10    the State of New York and $20 million at a 

11    hip-hop museum that nobody asked for, I think you 

12    could probably afford $50 million for the roads 

13    and the bridges that make sure that our State 

14    Police and our EMS get where they need to go, get 

15    the products to your homes and your grocery 

16    stores that you depend on in your lives every 

17    day.

18                 In fact, this costs New York State a 

19    lot more in the long run, our municipalities and 

20    the state, if we're not able to maintain our 

21    roads and our bridges with some simple 

22    maintenance and paving some more miles each year.  

23    As your roads degrade, they only get more 

24    expensive to rebuild in the long run.  

25                 So in addition to that, you've 


                                                               3154

 1    certainly shown what your priorities are in this 

 2    capital budget bill.  We've got a bailout for 

 3    Buffalo's Parking Authority, but nothing for the 

 4    City of Little Falls; we've got a billion dollars 

 5    for NYSERDA, but nothing that is going to reduce 

 6    the costs of energy for New York State's 

 7    ratepayers.  We've got $3 billion for New York's 

 8    MTA and little but peanuts for our local roads 

 9    and bridges.  And we've got $335 million for the 

10    City of Albany's Rescue Plan, when what the City 

11    of Albany, this capital, really needs is respect 

12    for their police department and support of 

13    policing.

14                 Thank you, Mr. President.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

16    you, Senator Walczyk.  

17                 I would note that the hip-hop museum 

18    has affordable housing, and hip-hop is New York's 

19    home-grown art form.  

20                 Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick on the 

21    resolution -- excuse me.  Senator 

22    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, why do you rise?  Who are 

23    you asking to yield?

24                 (Laughter.)

25                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   


                                                               3155

 1    Thank you, Mr. President.  

 2                 I would like to ask some questions 

 3    on the Sustainable Futures Program.  So I believe 

 4    that's Senator Harckham.  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   

 6    Certainly.  Senator Harckham, do you yield?  

 7                 Senator Walczyk got me worked up 

 8    saying nobody asked for the hip-hop museum. 

 9                 (Laughter.)

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   You know, 

11    because if wasn't for the Bronx.

12                 (Laughter.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

14    Walczyk -- excuse me.  Senator Harckham.

15                 (Laughter.)

16                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Whoever I am.  

17    I've been called much worse.

18                 Yes, Mr. President.

19                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK: 

20    Through you, Mr. President.  We're all a little 

21    tired.  

22                 But through you, Mr. President.  I'd 

23    like to ask a few questions specifically 

24    regarding the $200 million for renewable energy 

25    projects.  I'd like to know if it's been 


                                                               3156

 1    determined how that money will be spent.  I 

 2    believe there was some discussion before about 

 3    it -- sort of a first-come, first-served process.  

 4    But I'd like to know how it will be determined 

 5    where this money is spent throughout the state.

 6                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President.  Good question.  

 8                 The money from this, because it's a 

 9    replacement for the cap-and-invest money, must be 

10    spent in the same manner as called for in the 

11    Climate Action Fund.  So 35 percent goes to 

12    either disadvantaged or environmental justice 

13    communities, all of the labor protections that we 

14    talked about in our conversation with 

15    Senator Mattera.  

16                 And then I believe -- and then it 

17    would be a competitive process, through most 

18    likely NYSERDA, who does most of this work, that 

19    the projects will be decided upon.

20                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK: 

21    Through you, Mr. President, will the sponsor 

22    continue to yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.


                                                               3157

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

 4    through you, Mr. President.  My question is, how 

 5    did we arrive at the number of $200 million?  Is 

 6    there an expectation of certain projects that 

 7    have priority?

 8                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President.  I do not believe so.  There 

10    was -- when we talked about the 450 million for 

11    building green homes, the 200 million thermal 

12    energy projects for CUNY and SUNY -- there are a 

13    number of shovel-ready projects for CUNY and SUNY 

14    that have been identified.  So that's more of a 

15    hard number.  

16                 And I think the other renewable 

17    energy project number, that $200 million, was 

18    more of a percentage of the funding as opposed 

19    to, you know, either the Legislature or the 

20    Governor has 13, 14, 20 projects in mind.

21                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK: 

22    Through you, Mr. President, will the sponsor 

23    continue to yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               3158

 1                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.  

 4                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

 5    through you, Mr. President, I'd like to know -- I 

 6    believe it says renewable energy generating 

 7    projects.  My question is, can this be used for 

 8    offshore wind?  Can it be used for solar panels?  

 9    But could it also be used for battery storage?

10                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, it theoretically could be used for 

12    battery storage.

13                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

14    Through you, Mr. President, will the sponsor 

15    continue to yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

22    if we look at this with -- in combination with 

23    the RAPID Act, which was previously passed 

24    through the budget process, my question is, what 

25    input will local communities have regarding 


                                                               3159

 1    whether or not these projects are sited in their 

 2    communities?

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 4    Mr. President.  The whole point of the Climate 

 5    Action Fund is these are community-centered 

 6    projects.  They need to be coming out of the 

 7    community for the benefit of the community.  And 

 8    that's what -- the language in the law we wrote 

 9    to create the Climate Action Fund.

10                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

11    Through you, Mr. President, will the sponsor 

12    continue to yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?  Senator Harckham, do you yield?  

15                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   I do.  

16                 But the other thing I would like to 

17    add is that, Senator, you mentioned the RAPID 

18    Act.  Battery storage is not in the RAPID Act.  

19    So any electrical battery storage project in 

20    New York must get complete local zoning and 

21    planning approval.  The state has no say in that.

22                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

23    Through you, Mr. President, will the sponsor 

24    continue to yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Since the 


                                                               3160

 1    Senator's already yielded, you may proceed with 

 2    your question.

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes, I yield.

 4                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 5    Thank you.  

 6                 So if I understand what you were 

 7    saying, we can use this funding for solar panels, 

 8    for offshore wind, for battery storage, but that 

 9    the RAPID Act would potentially impact the solar 

10    and the offshore wind piece that we could 

11    override local control, but that the battery 

12    storage location would not be subject to the 

13    RAPID Act.

14                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Theoretically, 

15    yes.  

16                 What we're talking about, though, 

17    here are smaller projects.  As Senator Walczyk 

18    mentioned in his questioning, you know, when 

19    we're talking about wind, we're talking about 

20    billions of dollars or hundreds of millions of 

21    dollars.  If we're talking about, you know, a 

22    battery storage complex of utility scale, that's 

23    hundreds of millions of dollars.  

24                 This total pot is only $200 million.  

25    So I think what was really envisioned here -- 


                                                               3161

 1    yes, by statute it could go to those things, but 

 2    I think really more for things like community 

 3    solar, those types of projects that are 

 4    community-centered and for the benefit of the 

 5    communities in which they sit.

 6                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 7    Through you, Mr. President, will the sponsor 

 8    continue to yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.  

14                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

15    thank you for that clarification.

16                 Now, looking at the language of the 

17    bill, it makes reference to Section 163 and 112 

18    of the law, saying that a hundred million 

19    potentially will not be subject to approval by 

20    the Comptroller.  And I'm wondering if you have a 

21    comment if that -- if my read of this is correct.

22                 And I apologize, I was referencing 

23    the State Finance Law.

24                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   (Conferring.)  

25    Through you, Mr. President.  Thank you for the 


                                                               3162

 1    question, Senator.

 2                 Nine hundred million {sic} of the 

 3    100 million is -- RFP is competitive.  The 

 4    hundred million that you referenced is not 

 5    competitive; therefore, not subject to RFP, not 

 6    subject to Comptroller review.  

 7                 So that would be -- and this 

 8    language is similar in the Bond Act as well.  

 9    There's a certain amount of money that is not 

10    required for RFP, so that if things come up in 

11    the course of agency operations, the Governor has 

12    some flexibility to plug money into those 

13    projects.

14                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

15    Through you, Mr. President, will the sponsor 

16    continue to yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    sponsor yields.  

22                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

23    Senator, just to clarify -- through you, 

24    Mr. President -- that the $100 million that is 

25    carved out, there is no oversight by the 


                                                               3163

 1    Comptroller, that this is sort of money that is 

 2    not necessarily going through the same hoops as 

 3    the first hundred million.  Is that correct?  

 4                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Well, the other 

 5    900 million.

 6                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 7    Nine hundred million, I'm sorry.

 8                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes and no.  

 9    This is the same -- there's precedent for this.  

10    This is the same language that we have in the 

11    Bond Act, the same percentage that we have in the 

12    $4.2 billion Environmental Green Jobs, Green 

13    Communities Bond Act that the voters passed.  

14                 And again, there will be oversight 

15    in the fact that this stays on-book.  This is not 

16    like NYSERDA money that's not -- that is 

17    off-book, like through the RGGI charges.  So we 

18    will be able to track this money through our 

19    normal oversight activities of the agencies.

20                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

21    Through you, Mr. President, will the sponsor 

22    continue to yield.

23                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   -- add to that?  

24    All right.  And the Governor on these projects 

25    also needs to submit an annual report and the 


                                                               3164

 1    plans to the Finance Director as well.  So there 

 2    will be that level of oversight.  

 3                 I'm sorry.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 5    Harckham, do you yield?  

 6                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   I do.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.  

 9                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

10    Thank you, Mr. President.  Through you.  

11                 I just wanted to ask, why would the 

12    Legislature consider $100 million an amount that 

13    they were comfortable with not having Comptroller 

14    oversight?

15                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

16    Mr. President.  There's precedent in law for this 

17    already.  It's the same precedent in the 

18    Bond Act.  

19                 And this is to give the agencies who 

20    are doing this work flexibility in a volatile -- 

21    as was mentioned in the debate before, the 

22    volatility of costs that we're experiencing right 

23    now in the energy markets, whether they be carbon 

24    or renewable energy.  And this will give them the 

25    flexibility to plug in various projects that may 


                                                               3165

 1    need assistance.

 2                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 3    Mr. President, on the bill.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 5    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick on the bill.

 6                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 7    Thank you, Senator Harckham, for answering my 

 8    questions.

 9                 I have a difficult time when this 

10    chamber continues to put forth legislation of 

11    funding money that we're not getting the proper 

12    oversight and the proper local input with regards 

13    to these renewable energy projects.

14                 As I stated, combined with the 

15    RAPID Act, we have a substantial investment 

16    without local input.  And I pause whenever that 

17    happens, because our communities deserve to have 

18    input into what is going to be in their backyard.

19                 You know, we've seen what happens 

20    when the state lacks appropriate oversight by the 

21    Comptroller.  We had the Buffalo Billion scandal 

22    under the former governor.  We've had reports of 

23    hundreds of millions of dollars in state payments 

24    for COVID tests allegedly steered to a donor of 

25    the current Governor.  And this body needs to do 


                                                               3166

 1    more to make sure that we have appropriate 

 2    oversight of taxpayer dollars.

 3                 Mr. President, I'd like to ask a few 

 4    questions about the funding for NUMC, which I 

 5    believe is $50 million.  I'm not sure who I'd ask 

 6    that to.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 8    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, she's asking about the 

 9    funding for NUMC.  The Nassau County medical -- 

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Oh, that was 

11    yesterday.  Sure.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

13    Krueger, would you yield for that question?  

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.  I'm having 

15    déjà vu.  Absolutely.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Déjà vu 

17    all over again.  The sponsor yields.  

18                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

19    Thank you, Mr. President.  Through you.  

20                 Yesterday Senator Krueger was 

21    reading from an article that was an opinion 

22    article, an editorial from Newsday that was dated 

23    May 6th, the day before we actually were 

24    presented with the bill.  

25                 So I was wondering how it is that 


                                                               3167

 1    Newsday knew about it before the members of this 

 2    chamber.  But my question to Senator Krueger is 

 3    the fact that $50 million we discussed yesterday 

 4    for a distressed hospital, yet it's going to be 

 5    capital money, not money that they can use for 

 6    their operating expenses.  And I'm wondering why 

 7    that money was allocated in that way.

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President.  The $50 million is capital money.  

10    So we haven't gotten to that bill yet, and it 

11    will be lined out in that bill.  So that's why it 

12    was being budgeted that way.  It's for capital 

13    costs, not operating costs.

14                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

15    Through you, Mr. President --

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   And I actually 

17    don't remember whether the editorial was May 6th 

18    or a little earlier, because that folder's in my 

19    office.  Because I didn't know we were doing that 

20    discussion again today.

21                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

22    Okay.  Through you, Mr. President, will the 

23    sponsor continue to yield?  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               3168

 1                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I will.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.  

 4                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So, 

 5    Mr. President, I believe we are talking about the 

 6    capital projects bill, which is why I asked the 

 7    question.  

 8                 And I know that we've been at this a 

 9    long time, so it's easy to get confused, 

10    Senator Krueger.  

11                 My question, though, following up on 

12    this $50 million, is why would we give money to a 

13    distressed hospital for a capital investment when 

14    typically a capital investment is going to create 

15    more operating expenses?  And you indicated that 

16    this hospital is in such trouble and is having 

17    such a difficult time, why would we further 

18    burden the operating expenses of a distressed 

19    hospital by requiring them to improve their 

20    capital and their structure?

21                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President.  My understanding from the 

23    Governor's people and from various articles, 

24    including the editorial referenced yesterday, is 

25    that they have a very serious structural problem 


                                                               3169

 1    with the hospital that needs to be addressed with 

 2    capital money almost immediately.  

 3                 So you can have distressed hospitals 

 4    with operating, you know, deficits, which it does 

 5    have.  But you also can't have a hospital that 

 6    continues to function if it's structurally 

 7    unsafe.

 8                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 9    Thank you, Mr. President.  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

11    you, Senator.

12                 Senator Rhoads, why do you rise?

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I just wanted to 

14    ask --

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Can we 

16    have some order in the chamber, please?  Excuse 

17    me.  May we have some order in the chamber.  

18    Thank you.

19                 Senator Rhoads.

20                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Mr. President, I 

21    was hoping that Senator Krueger might yield to a 

22    few more questions on NUMC.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

24    Senator yield?

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Absolutely.


                                                               3170

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 2    Senator yields.

 3                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you.  

 4    Through you, Mr. President.  

 5                 Senator Krueger, would you mind 

 6    elaborating on what this urgent structural repair 

 7    is that has to be made to NUMC?  Because this is 

 8    the first I'm hearing about it.

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President.  We believe that actually one of 

11    the other Long Island members referenced the need 

12    for it yesterday, I'm just not sure which one.  

13                 So we would have to send somebody 

14    hunting for the answer to that.

15                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And will the 

16    Senator continue to yield?

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

18    Senator yield?  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    Senator yields.

22                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President.  And this $50 million in capital 

24    funding, since it is to address an urgent 

25    structural capital need at NUMC, apparently, when 


                                                               3171

 1    can we expect from today's date that money to 

 2    actually appear in the account of NUMC?

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 4    Mr. President.  My understanding is that, again, 

 5    in this budget document, even though it's 

 6    separated into several different sections of the 

 7    budget, first there would be the changes in the 

 8    leadership -- who is the board, who's running the 

 9    hospital.  Then they would submit their plan for 

10    how they would use that money to Division of 

11    Budget.  Then Division of Budget would approve 

12    that money to be spent as specifically itemized 

13    and requested by the new board leadership of the 

14    hospital corporation.  

15                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Would the sponsor 

16    continue to yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    sponsor yields.  

22                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you.  

23    Through you, Mr. President.  

24                 So my understanding is that this 

25    urgent, pressing structural need that has to be 


                                                               3172

 1    addressed at the hospital will first have to wait 

 2    until the new board is appointed.  Then that new 

 3    board will have to figure out what the urgent 

 4    structural need is, how to fix it, develop a plan 

 5    on how to fix it, then submit that plan to the 

 6    state.  Then the state has to review the plan, 

 7    approve the plan, and then issue the money.

 8                 Am I correct in my understanding?

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   That is how money 

10    is spent at the state level pretty much on every 

11    item.  

12                 And I will just point out again, 

13    because maybe people forgot my points from 

14    yesterday, the reason this entire plan is going 

15    forward is because this is a distressed hospital 

16    in enormous debt, debt growing every month.  

17    People panicked about whether they will be able 

18    to continue to function as an important hospital, 

19    particularly in the poor communities of 

20    Nassau County.  

21                 So this 50 million is part of an 

22    overall effort to restructure, help this hospital 

23    stabilize, and move forward.

24                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

25    continue to yield.


                                                               3173

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

 7    Senator Krueger.  

 8                 Through you, Mr. President.  Can any 

 9    of this $50 million be used to pay down debt?

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President.  It is conceivable that the board 

12    and the Governor's Division of Budget would agree 

13    to do something like that.  I don't know.

14                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And will the 

15    sponsor continue to yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield? 

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR RHOADS:   So can any of 

22    this -- through you, Mr. President, can any of 

23    this capital money be used to help with the 

24    hospital's operating expenses?

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 


                                                               3174

 1    Mr. President.  It's my understanding that as 

 2    capital money, that would not be a recognized use 

 3    of the money.  

 4                 But of course there's another 

 5    section of the state budget that has significant 

 6    new monies for distressed hospitals for operating 

 7    costs.  And I don't believe there is anything 

 8    within that language that would prevent NUMC from 

 9    applying for some of those funds as well.

10                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

11    continue to yield.

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?  The sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

16    Senator Krueger.  

17                 Through you, Mr. President.  Is 

18    there any other money in the budget that would be 

19    used, for example, to enable NUMC to meet its 

20    operating expenses?

21                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I believe that's 

22    the question I just answered.  There is money in 

23    the budget for distressed hospitals.  We believe 

24    NUMC definitely meets the definition of a 

25    distressed hospital, and so it could be eligible 


                                                               3175

 1    to apply for some of the distressed hospital 

 2    funding for operating costs, yes.

 3                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 4    continue to yield.

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield?  The sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

 9    Senator Krueger.  

10                 I'm a little bit confused by your 

11    answer, only because Nassau University Medical 

12    Center has been a distressed hospital for the 

13    last several years, has applied for distressed 

14    hospital funding certainly over the course of the 

15    last two years, and at the discretion of the 

16    Governor and the Department of Health has 

17    received a grand total of zero distressed 

18    hospital funds.  

19                 So while you're saying they may 

20    eligible to apply for those funds, is there any 

21    commitment that you're aware of from the Governor 

22    or from the Department of Health to provide any 

23    distressed hospital funds in any amount to NUMC?

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President.  It's our understanding that NUMC 


                                                               3176

 1    was refusing to provide documentation to the 

 2    Governor's office and the Department of Health to 

 3    complete their application for distressed 

 4    hospital funding, which is why they did not get 

 5    approved for any, and I believe correlates to 

 6    another article I referenced yesterday that the 

 7    then-head of the board had an interesting robbery 

 8    in his house where the only documents stolen were 

 9    those documents that were not being provided to 

10    the State Department of Health to answer those 

11    kinds of questions.

12                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

13    continue to yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

15    sponsor yield? 

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Senator Krueger -- 

20    through you, Mr. President -- you referenced that 

21    people were panicked and begging for help.  The 

22    county executive didn't ask for help.  The 

23    chairman of the board of NUMC didn't ask for 

24    help.  The CEO of the hospital didn't ask for 

25    help.  


                                                               3177

 1                 Can you illuminate us as to who it 

 2    was exactly that was panicked and asking for 

 3    help?  

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President.  I think they all did ask for 

 6    help.  They just didn't submit the documentation 

 7    or answer the questions.  

 8                 In fact, after we got off the floor 

 9    yesterday, because several had asked me the 

10    question has anybody been talking about this with 

11    County Executive Blakeman, the response -- 

12    actually, I didn't ask for it, I got volunteered 

13    it -- was that the Governor's office has been 

14    trying to have a discussion with county executive 

15    Blakeman about exactly this issue for quite a 

16    while, and he's refused to talk to them.  

17                 So I think people were saying they 

18    had a problem.  They were saying they were 

19    distressed, they were saying they were in need of 

20    help.  And they weren't getting money because 

21    they weren't actually providing the legal 

22    documentation that would be needed to approve 

23    what they asked for.  And that's why the state 

24    took a fairly dramatic approach to trying to 

25    insert itself into redesign of the board and 


                                                               3178

 1    redirection for leadership, to make sure it 

 2    actually went forward correctly now.

 3                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 4    continue to yield.  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Sure.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

11    Senator Krueger.  Through you, Mr. President.  

12                 Do we know if any of the $50 million 

13    in capital funding that's being provided will be 

14    utilized for the construction of any housing?

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I don't know.  

16    But I guess I could ask, if you don't mind, the 

17    questioner:  Does that hospital have housing now?

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

19    Rhoads, will you yield to -- will you yield, 

20    Senator Rhoads?  

21                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I will yield to a 

22    question.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

24    Rhoads yields.

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.  


                                                               3179

 1                 Is there housing connected to the 

 2    hospital or the corporation now?  

 3                 SENATOR RHOADS:   There is.

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Then I think I 

 5    suspect that the answer is no.

 6                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And will the 

 7    Senator continue to yield.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    Senator yield?

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

12    Krueger yields.

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Do we know -- 

14    through you, Mr. President -- whether any of the 

15    capital money will be utilized for the expansion 

16    of any psychiatric services that are provided at 

17    the hospital?  

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President.  I believe that those kinds of 

20    decisions about what services hospitals offer -- 

21    need to expand, need to improve their space 

22    for -- are in fact the responsibility of the 

23    board of the hospital.  

24                 So I certainly would not be in a 

25    place to know that.


                                                               3180

 1                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 2    continue to yield?

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

 9    Senator Krueger.  

10                 Through you, Mr. President.  You've 

11    indicated that it would be the board that's in 

12    the position to know.  Do you mean the board that 

13    the Governor is removing?

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, 

15    Mr. President, I believe that this money that 

16    we're talking about how it's spent is contingent 

17    upon the creation of a new board of directors -- 

18    that might include some of the existing board of 

19    directors, I don't know -- and new leadership for 

20    the hospital and chairmanship of the board.  

21                 And so only once those are in place 

22    would there be discussions about how they wish to 

23    use money, and an application.  And only then 

24    would we know what they're asking for and what 

25    money's approved, both capital and operating.


                                                               3181

 1                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 2    continue to yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 4    sponsor yield? 

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

 9    Senator Krueger.  

10                 Perhaps -- perhaps you misunderstood 

11    my question.  Perhaps -- perhaps it's not clear.  

12                 I thought in your answer to the 

13    previous question you had indicated that it would 

14    be the board of the hospital that would know 

15    whether this money was going to be spent for the 

16    expansion of psychiatric services.  

17                 I'm a little confused by the answer 

18    only because this $50 million is being provided 

19    for capital expenses presumably for a reason, yet 

20    there's been no communication with the existing 

21    board and the Governor's office, there's been no 

22    communication with the county executive and the 

23    Governor's office, there's been no communication 

24    with the CEO of the hospital and the Governor's 

25    office.  Nor has there been communication with 


                                                               3182

 1    the Health Department, as reported by the CEO, 

 2    for almost 18 months.  

 3                 Who is it that's actually developing 

 4    this plan?  Who decided that it would be 

 5    $50 million?  And -- or are we to believe that 

 6    this $50 million is being given to the hospital 

 7    with no plan to actually spend it?

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President.  I actually think I was quite 

10    clear.  I do not believe the Governor intends to 

11    distribute any new monies, capital or operating, 

12    to this hospital until such time as a new board 

13    has been established and new leadership has been 

14    established and then a normal process for a 

15    hospital institution to request funds from the 

16    state to have documentation of why they need that 

17    money and how they'll use it, is gone through and 

18    then the state approves.

19                 It's not the opposite way.  It's 

20    never the opposite way.  It's first you have a 

21    board who submits what they are asking for and 

22    proves the justification and need for it, and 

23    then the state moves money -- not the reverse.

24                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

25    continue to yield.  


                                                               3183

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 2    Rhoads, I just want to advise you that in the 

 3    aggregate debate time, you have approximately 

 4    five minutes remaining.

 5                 Senator Krueger, do you yield?  

 6                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Of course I do.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.  

 9                 SENATOR RHOADS:   My understanding 

10    of how this process is supposed to work is that 

11    usually there's a request for capital money for a 

12    designated purpose.  That request is then 

13    considered, and then funds are allocated to 

14    actually fill that request.  

15                 Am I correct in that understanding?  

16    Or is this process working in reverse, where 

17    we've determined an amount without knowing what 

18    it's for?

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President.  No, I think we both agree that's 

21    the process.  The dilemma is I believe the state 

22    doesn't believe it has a partner working in good 

23    faith at this time to get us the information to 

24    document what they're asking for and how it would 

25    be used.  


                                                               3184

 1                 And the reference was made that 

 2    there's been no discussion with various parties 

 3    between the Governor's office and those parties 

 4    for 18 months.  I've been informed that those 

 5    parties have not wished to answer the questions 

 6    of the Governor's office or discuss it.  That is 

 7    why we are in the place we are in.  

 8                 On the underlying story here, this 

 9    is a hospital that needs assistance to go forward 

10    because it does not apparently have responsible 

11    leadership either from the board or the executive 

12    or even perhaps the county exec.  That is why the 

13    Governor is recommending this change and the 

14    Legislature, within this budget set of bills, has 

15    agreed that that is the right answer.  

16                 Newsday has agreed that is the right 

17    answer.  My colleague from Long Island who 

18    represents not the hospital but, as she explained 

19    yesterday very articulately, most of the people 

20    who go to the hospital, agrees.  

21                 And as to whether the exact number 

22    is 50 million or 49.5 or 150 million, I don't 

23    know.  It's a beginning, the fact that the 

24    Governor has put aside 50 million for capital 

25    purposes for this facility.  


                                                               3185

 1                 And again, they will be eligible to 

 2    apply for distressed hospital operating funds.  

 3    Which I also don't think we will know any details 

 4    about until a newly reestablished board does 

 5    their own evaluation, then comes forward and 

 6    submits requests to -- I think it goes through 

 7    the Department of Health.

 8                 SENATOR RHOADS:   How much time 

 9    remaining, Mr. President?  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Two 

11    minutes.  Two minutes remaining.

12                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you very 

13    much.  Thank you, Senator Krueger.  

14                 I'll go on the bill.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

16    Rhoads on the bill.

17                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Yeah, I'm 

18    certainly happy that NUMC is receiving 

19    $50 million in capital funds.  But I think what's 

20    concerning to me is that this is the sort of 

21    latest salvo in what appears to be the Governor's 

22    NUMC scam that's going on here.  

23                 The whole reason for taking over 

24    NUMC that's been articulated on this floor and 

25    articulated by the Governor is that it is a 


                                                               3186

 1    financially stressed hospital.  Right?  That 

 2    people are panicked that it's not going to be 

 3    able to continue its services, that people are 

 4    panicked that it's not going to be able to meet 

 5    its bills.  That it's saddled with debt.  

 6                 And so what does the Governor decide 

 7    that she wants to do?  She wants to provide 

 8    $24 million in funding to the Hempstead School 

 9    District, but she provides zero in funding to 

10    actually help with any of the operating expenses 

11    of Nassau University Medical Center.  

12                 The problems with that hospital 

13    actually have little to do with operating.  It's 

14    projected that the hospital will actually make a 

15    small surplus, despite a billion and a half 

16    dollars having been taken from that hospital over 

17    the course of the last two years.  

18                 This was all about and continues to 

19    be about nothing more than control.  What the 

20    county executive refused to do, what the board 

21    refused to do was to vote itself out of existence 

22    and give the Governor the power to control the 

23    board while county taxpayers are on the hook.  

24    That's why the Governor snuck this into the 

25    budget instead of going through the normal 


                                                               3187

 1    legislative process.  And unfortunately, this 

 2    Senate and the Assembly across the hall are 

 3    co-conspirators in that plan.

 4                 So thank you, Mr. President.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

 6    you, Senator Rhoads.

 7                 Debate time has elapsed.  Debate is 

 8    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

 9                 Read the last section.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

11    act shall take effect immediately.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

13    roll.

14                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

16    Krueger to explain her vote.  Senator Krueger not 

17    to explain her vote.  

18                 Senator May to explain her vote.

19                 SENATOR MAY:   Thank you, 

20    Mr. President.

21                 I rise to crow about a wonderful win 

22    for a big area of New York State in this capital 

23    budget.  Upstate University Hospital has the 

24    emergency department that serves 14 counties as 

25    the Level I trauma center, 37 counties as the 


                                                               3188

 1    burn center, and all of New York State north of 

 2    Westchester as the poison center.

 3                 But this emergency department, the 

 4    people who work there are incredibly skilled, 

 5    they do a great job, but they work in the most 

 6    cramped and difficult conditions you can imagine.  

 7    And this money will build a new emergency 

 8    department for Upstate.  And it will make a 

 9    difference for people all over upstate.

10                 I also want to crow about one other 

11    thing in -- one other capital victory.  This is 

12    an update on a capital project that we funded 

13    several years ago when the state put $72 million 

14    into renovating Central Tech High School in 

15    Syracuse into a countywide STEAM school.  

16                 That STEAM school is going to open 

17    in September with its first class of 

18    ninth-graders.  And because of the -- of what we 

19    got in the budget to make sure that BOCES funding 

20    for CTE can go to teaching ninth-graders in CTE 

21    programs, that school is going to get the funding 

22    it needs to really be a success from the outset.  

23                 So capital funding we put in years 

24    ago, that's going to really be used well because 

25    we're doing good policy to shore it up.  So I 


                                                               3189

 1    proudly vote aye on both those cases.  

 2                 Thank you.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 4    May to be recorded in the affirmative.

 5                 Senator Bynoe to explain her vote.

 6                 SENATOR BYNOE:   Thank you, 

 7    Mr. President.  

 8                 I will be voting affirmatively on 

 9    this bill, particularly because it's going to 

10    make a $50 million investment into 

11    Nassau University Medical Center.

12                 So Nassau University Medical Center 

13    has really been highly, highly overlooked in any 

14    investments over the years, insomuch that the 

15    facade in front of the building is crumbling.  

16    The HVAC system is in such bad shape that they 

17    have to bring in fans to the patients' rooms to 

18    provide some level of ventilation.  Additionally, 

19    the elevators, a large number of them need to be 

20    replaced.  

21                 Nassau University Medical Center has 

22    been highly neglected by the Nassau County 

23    administration and the Nassau University Medical 

24    board, insomuch that $1.5 billion that they could 

25    have accessed year after year for distressed 


                                                               3190

 1    hospital funding to offset their deficit and pay 

 2    down their debts was prohibited because they were 

 3    not in compliance with the Department of Health.

 4                 So I think that this is a great step 

 5    forward.  We're going to be able to invest in the 

 6    infrastructure, and we'll be able to hopefully, 

 7    hopefully be able to do routine maintenance that 

 8    has been neglected over the years by accessing 

 9    the $1.5 billion in distressed hospital funding.

10                 I want to thank leadership yet again 

11    because it was the fifty -- sorry, $500 million 

12    of a state one-house budget request that 

13    bolstered that $1 billion commitment from the 

14    Governor, to make it 1.5.  

15                 So I say again this is unfortunate 

16    that we're in this space, but I'm happy, happy to 

17    see that Nassau County and the communities that 

18    rely on that hospital and the staff that work 

19    there will finally, finally will get the relief 

20    and we'll turn the corner on the neglectful 

21    practices under Nassau County administration.

22                 Thank you.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

24    Bynoe to be recorded in the affirmative.

25                 Senator Myrie to explain his vote.


                                                               3191

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Thank you, 

 2    Mr. President.  

 3                 I will be voting in the affirmative 

 4    for this, in large part to be in solidarity with 

 5    SUNY Upstate, who has been fighting for this 

 6    capital investment for quite some time.

 7                 But I want to express my 

 8    disappointment and concern that there is no new 

 9    money for Downstate, particularly after this 

10    Governor came to the first advisory board meeting 

11    for the future of Downstate and promised 

12    $450 million in additional funding.  The SUNY 

13    chancellor subsequently made a similar promise 

14    that there would be additional funding separate 

15    from the $750 million tied to the outcome of the 

16    advisory board.  

17                 And I want to make clear that when 

18    we passed legislation last year to determine the 

19    future of Downstate --

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

21    Myrie, one second, please.  

22                 Can we -- please, gentlemen, ladies, 

23    we need some order in the house while people are 

24    explaining their vote.  Thank you.  

25                 Senator Myrie, continue, please.  


                                                               3192

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   When we passed 

 2    legislation last year to determine the future of 

 3    Downstate, subject to community involvement that 

 4    would require transparency and would require real 

 5    integration of the stakeholders, we did not 

 6    anticipate that the Governor would come and 

 7    promise more capital funding and pass a budget 

 8    with zero capital funding.

 9                 So make no mistake, that we will not 

10    take this lightly.  And we are hoping to avoid a 

11    similar situation that we faced last year.  But 

12    the community will have the last word on what 

13    happens at Downstate.

14                 Thank you.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

16    Myrie to be recorded in the affirmative.

17                 Senator Cooney to explain his vote.

18                 SENATOR COONEY:   Well, thank you, 

19    Mr. President.  This budget is a forward thinking 

20    about the future of infrastructure in New York.  

21    And as the chair of Transportation, I'm so proud 

22    that we are investing the resources that we can 

23    in the CHIPS program, which of course improves 

24    our local roads and bridges.  A $50 million 

25    increase this year, 50 million committed for next 


                                                               3193

 1    year's increase as well, giving New Yorkers the 

 2    kind of safe and efficient system that they 

 3    deserve for transportation.  

 4                 We're also making lasting 

 5    investments in the DOT capital plan, including an 

 6    additional 800 million to fund projects across 

 7    the state.  These are the core road projects that 

 8    our constituents consistently talk to us about.  

 9    From Hempstead to Yonkers to Cornwall to Buffalo 

10    to Rochester, we're making sure that all of our 

11    districts are taken care of by making these 

12    critical road improvements.  

13                 But it's not just transportation.  

14    We're investing in large-scale infrastructure 

15    projects.  We are building again in New York, 

16    including a $59 million investment for the 

17    modernization of the Joseph A. Floreano Rochester 

18    Riverside Convention Center in downtown 

19    Rochester, in my district.  This large investment 

20    by the Legislature has devoted to the convention 

21    center for growth in our community, and I'm just 

22    so grateful for the support of Governor Hochul as 

23    well as the entire Rochester delegation, who 

24    worked so hard to bring this around.  

25                 Capital projects mean construction 


                                                               3194

 1    jobs.  They lead to improved infrastructure, but 

 2    they also create opportunities for work, for 

 3    apprenticeship programs.  And these projects lead 

 4    to growth in our communities, both upstate and 

 5    downstate.  

 6                 I'm proud of the investments that we 

 7    continue to make here in the Senate on behalf of 

 8    all New Yorkers.  And, Mr. President, I am proud 

 9    to vote aye.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

11    Cooney to be recorded in the affirmative.  

12                 Senator Kavanagh to explain his 

13    vote.

14                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Thank you, 

15    Mr. President.

16                 Again we are, spread across a few 

17    bills, really continuing our efforts to use all 

18    tools at our disposal to address the housing 

19    crisis and the affordability crisis that we have 

20    throughout the state.  This bill of course is a 

21    key part of that.  As I mentioned before, there 

22    is $2.65 billion of funds in this budget for 

23    housing and community development.  That includes 

24    $306 million for public housing -- which is a 

25    relative high, relative to other years we've done 


                                                               3195

 1    recently -- $160 million for Mitchell-Lama 

 2    developments, $600 million for new housing and 

 3    community development right here in the capital, 

 4    including some sites very nearby here that are 

 5    expected to be redeveloped.  

 6                 And we're refunding a few programs 

 7    that the Senate successfully advocated for last 

 8    year, including the Vacant Rental Improvement 

 9    Program which renovates one- and two-family homes 

10    throughout the state, upstate and basically all 

11    of the localities outside of New York City, and 

12    an additional $30 million for Block by Block, 

13    which builds one- and two-family homes, to infill 

14    neighborhoods that have lost housing over time.  

15    Both of those were included last year, 

16    particularly through the advocacy of 

17    Senator Sean Ryan.

18                 We are also adding something that 

19    has been very important to me, which is a few 

20    years back we had a hearing on lead poisoning.  

21    It is still a scourge throughout our state.  

22    Every year we've been doing $20 million outside 

23    New York City as a result of that hearing.  But 

24    we are adding this year $20 million for lead 

25    abatement in New York City.  Abatement is the 


                                                               3196

 1    thing that is really necessary in that 

 2    circumstance.  

 3                 We also have about $70 million for 

 4    small towns and villages in rural areas in 

 5    various programs, including the Small Rental 

 6    Housing Development Initiative, which again was 

 7    funded through the advocacy of Senator Hinchey 

 8    and others in this chamber.  

 9                 And so, all told, this is a budget 

10    that really is intended to address housing needs 

11    throughout the state in a very substantial way.  

12    And I'm very proud to vote aye.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

14    Kavanagh to be recorded in the affirmative.

15                 Senator Serrano to close.

16                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Thank you very 

17    much, Mr. President.  

18                 As chair of the committee that 

19    oversees parks, I am very proud to vote aye on 

20    this bill, as it has a good amount of capital for 

21    our beautiful park system throughout the State of 

22    New York.  

23                 We have I believe the best park 

24    system anywhere in the nation.  We have some of 

25    the best hiking trails, camping facilities, you 


                                                               3197

 1    name it.  Connecting to the great outdoors is 

 2    something that is really important here in the 

 3    State of New York.  And the pandemic taught all 

 4    of us how important our green spaces are.  We 

 5    flocked to them as a safe way to all congregate 

 6    and be out together and be in nature.  It was 

 7    important for our mental health as well as our 

 8    physical health.

 9                 But our park system is an aging one 

10    and needs constant repair and upgrades and 

11    infrastructure.  And I'm very happy to see that 

12    the capital funds in this budget will go to 

13    enhancing our park system in ways that allow us 

14    to connect even more New Yorkers to our beloved 

15    parks.

16                 I proudly vote aye.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

18    Serrano to be recorded in the affirmative.

19                 Announce the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

21    Calendar 972, those Senators voting in the 

22    negative are Senators Borrello, 

23    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, 

24    Helming, Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Murray, 

25    Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk 


                                                               3198

 1    and Weik.  

 2                 Ayes, 45.  Nays, 17.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 4    is passed.

 5                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

 6    reading of the controversial calendar.

 7                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, I 

 8    have a couple of motions here.  

 9                 On behalf of Senator May, I offer 

10    the following amendments to Calendar Number 941, 

11    Senate Print 1541, and ask that said bill retain 

12    its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    amendments are received, and the bill shall 

15    retain its place on Third Reading Calendar.  

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   On behalf of 

17    Senator Fahy, I offer the following amendments to 

18    Calendar 944, Senate Print 4879, and ask that 

19    said bill retain its place on the Third Reading 

20    Calendar.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

22    amendments are received, and the bill will retain 

23    its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please call on 

25    Senator Lanza.


                                                               3199

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 2    Lanza.

 3                 SENATOR LANZA:   Thank you, 

 4    Senator Gianaris.  

 5                 There will be an immediate meeting 

 6    of the Republican Conference in Room 315.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   An 

 8    immediate meeting of the Republican Conference in 

 9    Room 315.

10                 Senator Gianaris.  

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   And, 

12    Mr. President, an immediate meeting of the 

13    Democratic Conference in Room 332.  

14                 And we will stand at ease until 

15    6 o'clock, at which time we will come back and 

16    take up the remaining budget bills.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

18    Senate will stand at ease until 6:00 p.m. 

19                 The Democratic Conference will meet 

20    in Room 332.

21                 The Senate will stand at ease.

22                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

23    at 4:04 p.m.)

24                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

25    6:08 p.m.)


                                                               3200

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The Senate 

 2    will return to order.

 3                 Senator Gianaris.

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

 5    we are going to call an immediate meeting of the 

 6    Committee on Rules, followed by a meeting of the 

 7    Committee on Finance, both in Room 332.  

 8                 So I would ask members of those 

 9    committees all to head there at the same time, 

10    because Rules will be very brief.

11                 SENATOR MURRAY:   There will be an 

12    immediate meeting of the Finance Committee, 

13    followed by an immediate meeting of the 

14    Rules Committee in Room 332.

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   The other way 

16    around, Madam President.  Rules first.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Oh, excuse 

18    me.  Immediate meeting of the Rules Committee, 

19    followed by an immediate meeting of the 

20    Finance Committee in Room 332.

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Thank you, 

22    Madam President.  

23                 The Senate will stand at ease.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The Senate 

25    will stand at ease.


                                                               3201

 1                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

 2    at 6:08 p.m.)

 3                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

 4    6:38 p.m.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The Senate 

 6    will return to order.  

 7                 Senator Gianaris.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

 9    I believe there's a report of the Rules Committee 

10    at the desk.  Please take that up.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    Secretary will read.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator 

14    Stewart-Cousins, from the Committee on Rules, 

15    reports the following bills:

16                 Senate Print 7797, by 

17    Senator Krueger, an act making appropriations for 

18    the support of government.  

19                 The bill reports direct to third 

20    reading.

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

22    the report of the Rules Committee.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   All those 

24    in favor of accepting the report of the 

25    Rules Committee please signify by saying aye.


                                                               3202

 1                 (Response of "Aye.")

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Opposed, 

 3    nay.

 4                 (No response.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The report 

 6    of the Rules Committee is accepted.  

 7                 Senator Gianaris.  

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please take up 

 9    the report of the meeting of the 

10    Finance Committee.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    Secretary will read.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Krueger, 

14    from the Committee on Finance, reports the 

15    following bills:

16                 Senate Print 3000D, Budget Bill, an 

17    act making appropriations for the support of 

18    government, State Operations Budget; 

19                 Senate Print 3001A, Budget Bill, an 

20    act making appropriations for the support of 

21    government, Legislature and Judiciary Budget; 

22                 Senate Print 3003D, Budget Bill, an 

23    act making appropriations for the support of 

24    government, Aid to Localities Budget; 

25                 Senate Print 3009C, an act to amend 


                                                               3203

 1    the Tax Law; 

 2                 Senate Print 7798, an act to amend a 

 3    chapter of the Laws of 2025.

 4                 All bills reported direct to third 

 5    reading.

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

 7    the report of the Finance Committee.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   All those 

 9    in favor of accepting the report of the 

10    Finance Committee please signify by saying aye.

11                 (Response of "Aye.")

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Opposed, 

13    nay.

14                 (No response.)

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The report 

16    of the Finance Committee is accepted.

17                 Senator Gianaris.

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Let's take up 

19    Supplemental Calendar 49B, please.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    Secretary will read.  

22                 There's a substitution at the desk.  

23                 The Secretary will read.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Krueger 

25    moves to discharge, from the Committee on 


                                                               3204

 1    Finance, Assembly Bill Number 3009C and 

 2    substitute it for the identical Senate Bill 

 3    3009C, Third Reading Calendar 974.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   There is a 

 5    message of necessity at the desk -- no.

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

 7    I think we're awaiting the reading of the 

 8    supplemental calendar first.

 9                 (Pause.)

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

11    Secretary will read.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

13    969, Senate Print 3000D, Budget Bill, an act 

14    making appropriations for the support of 

15    government.

16                 Calendar Number 970, Senate Print 

17    3001A, an act making --

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

19    969, let's lay that aside temporarily, as we are 

20    awaiting a message from the Governor on that 

21    bill.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

23    is laid aside temporarily.  

24                 The Secretary will read.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 


                                                               3205

 1    970, Senate Print 3001A, Budget Bill, an act 

 2    making appropriations for the support of 

 3    government.

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

 5    message of necessity at the desk?

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   There is a 

 7    message of necessity at the desk.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

 9    the message.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   All those 

11    in favor of accepting the message please signify 

12    by saying aye.  

13                 (Response of "Aye.")

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Opposed, 

15    nay.

16                 (Response of "Nay.")

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

19    house.

20                 The Secretary will read.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

22    971, Senate -- 

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

24    please call the vote on 970.  That was not laid 

25    aside.


                                                               3206

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Read the 

 2    last section.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 4    act shall take effect immediately.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

 6    roll.

 7                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Announce 

 9    the results.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

11    Calendar 970, those Senators voting in the 

12    negative are Senators Borrello, Chan, Griffo, 

13    Helming, Lanza, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 

14    O'Mara, Ortt, Rhoads, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk and 

15    Weik.  Also Senator Gallivan.

16                 Ayes, 46.  Nays, 16.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

18    is passed.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

20    971, Senate Print 3003D, an act making 

21    appropriations for the support of government.

22                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

23    message of necessity at the desk?

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   There is a 

25    message of necessity at the desk.


                                                               3207

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

 2    the message.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   All those 

 4    in favor of accepting the message please signify 

 5    by saying aye.

 6                 (Response of "Aye.")

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Opposed, 

 8    nay.

 9                 (Response of "Nay.")

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

11    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

12    house.

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

15    is laid aside.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

17    974, Senate Print 3009C, an act to amend the 

18    Tax Law.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

20    message of necessity at the desk?  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   There is a 

22    message of necessity at the desk.  

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

24    the message.  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   All those 


                                                               3208

 1    in favor of accepting the message please signify 

 2    by saying aye.

 3                 (Response of "Aye.")

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Opposed, 

 5    nay.

 6                 (Response of "Nay.")

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 8    message is accepted.  

 9                 (Laughter.)

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   And the 

11    bill is still before the house.  

12                 (Laughter.)

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

15    is laid aside.

16                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

17    reading of today's calendar.

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Can we now move 

19    on to the controversial calendar, beginning with 

20    Calendar Number 974.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

22    Secretary will ring the bell.  

23                 The Secretary will read.  

24                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

25    974, Assembly Bill Number 3009C, Budget Bill, an 


                                                               3209

 1    act to amend the Tax Law.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 3    Murray, why do you rise?

 4                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

 5    Madam President.  Would the sponsor yield for 

 6    some questions on Section Part VV, as in Victor, 

 7    Victor.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 9    Krueger, do you yield?  

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    Senator yields.  

13                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

14    Madam President.  

15                 Let's start with how much do you 

16    anticipate that this new MTA payroll tax increase 

17    will raise per year?  Do we have an estimate?  

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   The estimate is 

19    $1.4 billion per year.

20                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Very good.  Would 

21    the sponsor continue to yield, Madam President.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

23    continue to yield?  

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 


                                                               3210

 1    Senator yields.

 2                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you.

 3                 I understand that some folks that 

 4    are paying it now have been taken off.  Local 

 5    governments I believe is taken off.  Community 

 6    colleges have also been removed.  

 7                 But how about hospitals.  Are 

 8    hospitals going to still be paying?  

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Local governments 

10    outside of New York City have been removed, not 

11    the City of New York.  And hospitals have not 

12    been removed.

13                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Have not been 

14    removed.  

15                 Through you, Madam President, would 

16    the sponsor continue to yield.  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

18    continue to yield?  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    Senator yields.

22                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you.  

23                 How about multiple -- companies with 

24    multiple locations?  So you have a -- maybe a 

25    Walgreens or a Rite Aid that has multiple 


                                                               3211

 1    locations throughout maybe multiple zones -- some 

 2    in Nassau, some in Suffolk -- those would both be 

 3    Zone 2 -- and maybe even some in the city.  How 

 4    are they handled?  

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Each location's 

 6    employees would be counted, and it would be 

 7    calculated that way.

 8                 So it's only for the operation of 

 9    businesses with employees within the 12 counties.  

10    So if you're a national chain or a statewide 

11    chain, let's say pharmacies, it's only your 

12    pharmacies within the MTA region and the 

13    employees therein.

14                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Madam President, 

15    through you, would the sponsor continue to yield.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

17    continue to yield?  

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

20    sponsor yields.  

21                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you.  

22                 So just for clarification so I have 

23    it right, I'm going to take Zone 2 and take 

24    Long Island, for example.  So we have CVS 

25    pharmacies, and let's pretend they were nowhere 


                                                               3212

 1    else, but there were 10 in Suffolk County and 10 

 2    in Nassau County.  All 20 of those stores would 

 3    be taken as one.

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Both of those 

 5    counties are MTA-region counties.  They would be 

 6    at the same rate.  

 7                 So I actually don't know how 

 8    everybody pays their taxes, whether they do it 

 9    as -- by county or by total number of businesses 

10    they operate in the State of New York.  I assume 

11    that's a standard situation for any of these 

12    businesses.  

13                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

14    Madam President.  Through you, would the sponsor 

15    continue to yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

17    continue to yield?

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I do.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

20    sponsor yields.  

21                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you.

22                 There's a section here -- and I just 

23    want, for clarification purposes -- I'm reading 

24    about the lockboxes.  And we're talking about -- 

25    it says the account for the 2020-2024 capital 


                                                               3213

 1    plan will receive revenues from congestion 

 2    pricing.  That will be set I believe in one box.  

 3    And then the account for the 2025 through 2029 

 4    capital plan will receive revenues from the 

 5    increased payroll mobility tax by amending the 

 6    Public Authorities Law to direct 28.5 percent of 

 7    all revenue collected from the payroll mobility 

 8    tax into the lockbox.  

 9                 Can you explain that a little bit, 

10    why that's being done, how that's being done?  

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   So the first 

12    lockbox, as you pointed out, is specific to the 

13    congestion pricing money that continues to come 

14    in to pay for the bonds that are used for the 

15    five-year capital plan that is now basically 

16    over.  So you want to make sure you're holding 

17    that money and tracking that separately.  Right?  

18    Different time frame, different capital plan, 

19    different revenue stream.

20                 On the PMT, walking into the '25-'29 

21    capital plan, it's also defined as a lockbox 

22    separate from your first lockbox.  And the 

23    continuation of your question was you mentioned 

24    28 percent -- he's going to help me understand.  

25                 (Conferring.)  Okay.  So we already 


                                                               3214

 1    have a PMT that we've put into effect, and that 

 2    is for operations.  And that will continue to be 

 3    for operations.  That was a previous two years 

 4    ago's decision.  

 5                 But we are increasing the PMT for 

 6    this new capital plan.  Therefore, 28 percent of 

 7    the total PMT -- quote, the new amount -- will go 

 8    specifically into a lockbox for capital.

 9                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you.  

10    Through you, Madam President -- 

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   We just want to 

12    be able to separate out which part of the tax is 

13    for operations versus for capital.

14                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Through you, 

15    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

16    yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

18    continue to yield?  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR MURRAY:   And I do think I 

23    understood that.  I think.  So the 1.4 billion 

24    we're talking from the new increase of the 

25    payroll tax.  That will go into the second 


                                                               3215

 1    lockbox.  And that is for the capital plan, while 

 2    the other portion of the payroll tax is currently 

 3    funding operational.

 4                 Is that correct?  

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.  We can both 

 6    work for the MTA, yes.

 7                 SENATOR MURRAY:   No, please.  No.

 8                 (Laughter.)

 9                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

10    Senator Krueger.

11                 Madam President, I'd like to go on 

12    the bill, if you please.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

14    Murray on the bill.

15                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you.  

16                 So thank you, Senator Krueger, 

17    appreciate that.  

18                 But here we go -- man, the MTA 

19    payroll tax again.  This was so very popular when 

20    it got put in place in the first place.

21                 So the problem here is the Governor 

22    has been out there pushing this like we're doing 

23    some sort of favors for smaller businesses.  So 

24    let's be clear and clear up a couple of 

25    misconceptions.  


                                                               3216

 1                 First off, some of the smaller 

 2    businesses with a payroll -- now, it's broken 

 3    down per quarter.  So what I'm going to do is I'm 

 4    going kind of roll it into annual to be easier.  

 5    And I'm going to estimate on some job numbers.  

 6    But just for the purpose of keeping it as simple 

 7    as possible, although nothing is simple with the 

 8    MTA.  

 9                 So what they've done is actually 

10    added a category for the MTA payroll tax in the 

11    outside zones outside of the city, while raising 

12    the payroll tax within the city as well.

13                 Now, what they've done is they've 

14    taken -- it used to, and follow me here, a 

15    company with a payroll of about 1.25 million or 

16    more was paying at a rate of -- I believe it was 

17    0.11 percent.  Then when you went a little 

18    higher, it would increase to 0.23 percent, and 

19    then the top rate was .34 percent.  

20                 What they've done is they've taken 

21    that first category, the 0.11, they cut it in 

22    half.  So you're not getting away, you're just -- 

23    it's a little bit lower.  But understand, we're 

24    talking about companies -- what I did was I took 

25    the average salary on Long Island.  An average 


                                                               3217

 1    salary in Nassau County is 74,000 and change.  In 

 2    Suffolk County it's 72,000 and change.  So you 

 3    know where I went:  73 and change.  

 4                 So taking 73,000 and change, to fit 

 5    into the first category you're looking at 

 6    companies with about 17 or 18 employees.  We're 

 7    not talking about massive companies.  Seventeen 

 8    or 18 employees on average.  They're still going 

 9    to be paying, they're just going to be lowered a 

10    little bit.  They weren't paying that much to 

11    begin with.  It was more than they should be, but 

12    they're going to be lowered a little bit.

13                 Then the next category, that's 

14    Category 2.  That was the category that was 0.23.  

15    That also has been cut in half, to 0.115.  That 

16    would be about 18 to 23 employees.  Still not a 

17    massive company here but more like a 

18    mom-and-pop-type operation.  They're still going 

19    to be paying, and now at 0.115 percent.  

20                 We get up to about 24-plus -- and I 

21    say "plus" because it's not quite 24 and then 

22    forever, it's 24 to about 135 employees.  Now, 

23    they're going to be at what was the top rate, 

24    0.34 percent.  Then we're going to add another 

25    category at 0.635 percent, so almost double what 


                                                               3218

 1    the highest rate was.  And basically anybody over 

 2    135 or so employees is going to be paying that.

 3                 It is a job killer.  If you're a 

 4    business owner and you're starting to succeed, 

 5    what's the first thing you want to do?  You want 

 6    to grow and keep succeeding.  You want to add 

 7    jobs.  Now, somebody said to me earlier, Well, 

 8    we're just worried -- you should be worried about 

 9    Zone 2, right?  That's where you live.  Don't 

10    worry about Zone 1.  That's the city.  Who cares?  

11                 Well, no, well -- as was pointed out 

12    before, the LIRR is the highest subsidized 

13    transportation portion of the MTA.  Why?  Why 

14    would that be the highest subsidized?  Well, let 

15    me tell you something.  People aren't jumping on 

16    the train out in Suffolk County just to ride and 

17    hop off somewhere else on Long Island.  They're 

18    going into the city.  And when they go into the 

19    city, they're either going in there to work or 

20    they're going in there to spend money.  And if 

21    they are going into work, they're still spending 

22    money.  They're buying lunch, they're buying 

23    dinner, going to entertainment, things like this.  

24                 Why is the LIRR the 

25    highest-subsidized?  It's a business decision.  


                                                               3219

 1    You want to invest in there because you want to 

 2    bring these people in so they bring their wallets 

 3    and they spend their money.  I'm not saying it's 

 4    a dumb decision, it's smart.  It's a business 

 5    decision.  But please don't act like you're doing 

 6    Long Island a favor.  You're not.  Long Island 

 7    businesses, the employees are not riding the 

 8    railroad to go to work if you work in 

 9    Suffolk County.  That's just not happening.  

10    Unless you work in the city.  So we're not doing 

11    any favors to Long Island by investing in this.  

12    Let's not kid ourselves there.

13                 What we're doing, though, is we are 

14    hurting Long Island's businesses, and those 

15    businesses in Suffolk County.  But we're also 

16    hurting the employees.  Because as I said, these 

17    are the employees that are going into the city to 

18    go to work.  

19                 Well, in the city, when we talk 

20    about the Zone 1, boy, they really hammered 

21    Zone 1.  Two years ago, for those that are in the 

22    city, two years ago this body voted to increase 

23    the highest rate in Zone 1.  And here we are two 

24    years later, back again to hammer them again.  

25    You really must not like business in New York 


                                                               3220

 1    City, I've got to tell you, because that rate, 

 2    the top rate now is going to be 0.895 percent.  

 3    So those big employers are getting hammered.  

 4                 And I asked earlier -- one of the 

 5    reasons I asked was I asked specifically about 

 6    hospitals.  What's one of the biggest expenses we 

 7    have?  What's one of our biggest fears?  Getting 

 8    sick and having medical bills.  Right?  

 9    Healthcare is expensive.  So what are we doing?  

10    We're hammering hospitals.  We have a nursing 

11    shortage.  What a great incentive to hire more 

12    nurses.  

13                 The more you hire, the more taxes 

14    you're going to pay.  And you're going to pay it 

15    at a massive rate.  I've talked to some of the 

16    hospitals in my district, and what they were 

17    paying at what was the highest rate, hundreds of 

18    thousands of dollars that could easily jump up to 

19    over a million, easy.

20                 And of course every time a business 

21    gets hit with these expenses, who feels it?  

22    Every one of us, the consumers.  Because the only 

23    way they can make it back is to raise prices.

24                 I go back to that person that asked, 

25    Why should we worry about the city and them 


                                                               3221

 1    raising it?  Because it's going to get to a point 

 2    where the city businesses are going to say it's 

 3    just not worth it, and they're going to leave.  

 4    And those employees that were riding the train 

 5    in, they're now collecting unemployment.  That's 

 6    not smart.  

 7                 Finally, while I was calculating 

 8    these up and I was running the numbers on the 

 9    figures, I said, Well, I started at 73,000, and 

10    then I said, well, that really wasn't in the 

11    middle.  Let me go to 73.5.  I was amazed at what 

12    a big difference that made when you start getting 

13    up into the higher numbers.  So when you get into 

14    the third or fourth category where it's talking 

15    about more employees, one pay raise -- one pay 

16    raise to a group of employees can put you over 

17    that mark and put you in a whole 'nother category 

18    and could cost the company thousands, tens of 

19    thousands or, in some cases, hundreds of 

20    thousands of dollars just for giving pay raises 

21    to hardworking employees.  That's what we're 

22    doing.

23                 Well, now I want to look at the fact 

24    of where this money is going.  Where's it going?  

25    We talked about the capital plan.  First, all of 


                                                               3222

 1    this argument about congestion pricing, 

 2    everybody's upset about it, I am too.  But 

 3    everybody was kind of led to believe -- every 

 4    story you read, they would talk about this new 

 5    capital plan of $68.4 billion.  And they said, 

 6    Well, we're short.  We have to fund it.  And 

 7    everyone was led to believe that was what 

 8    congestion pricing was going to do.

 9                 No-oo.  No, no, no.  In fact, as you 

10    just heard, not a penny of congestion pricing is 

11    going to that capital plan.  You know where that 

12    money's going?  Now and forever forward, for the 

13    next 20, 30 years, it's to pay off the bonds that 

14    they got for the 2020-2025 capital plan.  So 

15    we're actually putting congestion pricing in 

16    place to pay off debt.

17                 So how are we going to fund the 

18    68 and a half billion dollar capital plan moving 

19    forward?  You got it.  Find a new way to raise 

20    revenue so we can get more debt.  

21                 So if you think this MTA payroll tax 

22    might be temporary, no.  The plan is to use this 

23    as an element to bond out.  And then we're going 

24    to have to use this to pay off those bonds for 20 

25    and 30 years.  


                                                               3223

 1                 And what happens when some of those 

 2    businesses do start leaving?  You can bet your 

 3    bottom dollar -- if you have a dollar left, you 

 4    can bet we're going to come back here again and 

 5    raise those rates again and continue to chase 

 6    more out of here.  

 7                 And again, it wouldn't be so bad, it 

 8    wouldn't be so bad if you thought, well, that 

 9    investment, that money we're spending is going 

10    for something really good, they're spending it 

11    wisely.  They're doing a lot of good things with 

12    it.  Okay.  As I mentioned earlier -- yesterday, 

13    I believe -- well, I forgot I had two minutes to 

14    explain my vote and got cut off.  

15                 So for an MTA that is so desperate 

16    for money, year after year they come back.  Let's 

17    talk about fare and toll evasion.  I brought up 

18    the number that in 2017 they lost $150 million to 

19    toll and fare evasion.  Well, again, if you're 

20    hurting for money, that's a pretty good amount.  

21    You should probably find a way to solve that 

22    problem and collect the money that should be 

23    coming to you.  

24                 Again, they're not asking for 

25    anything extra.  This is just collecting the 


                                                               3224

 1    money you're supposed to be getting for the 

 2    service you're providing.  That sounds pretty 

 3    darn simple.  Most businesses do it well.  

 4                 Well, not the MTA.  Because the very 

 5    next year, that number almost doubled:  

 6    290 million, the very next year.  And you think 

 7    surely, surely the alarm bells went off now.  

 8    Surely they got the message.  We're hemorrhaging 

 9    money here.  And yet we keep coming back to the 

10    taxpayers and everybody else asking for more.  

11    We'll fix the problem.  The very next year, 2019, 

12    they lost $525 million to toll and fare evasion.  

13    Well, that's when the pandemic hit.  So it 

14    steadied out for the next couple of years.  It 

15    was 525 again the next year, and around 500 

16    million.  

17                 By the way, if you add up those 

18    three years, it's a billion and a half just in 

19    those three years.  But again, we get done with 

20    the pandemic, we come back, we're back to 

21    business, you figure.  They're asking for a lot 

22    of money, they're going to fix the problem, 

23    right?  Nope, still doesn't happen.  Still 

24    doesn't happen.  

25                 The next year, 700 million.  And the 


                                                               3225

 1    last year we reported -- oh, let me go back.  Let 

 2    me go back.  Because again, I mentioned two years 

 3    ago this body voted to raise the MTA payroll tax 

 4    for the city businesses.  Well, as part of that 

 5    deal we said, Well, if we're going to do that, 

 6    the MTA's got to step up.  You've got to clean up 

 7    your fiscal backyard.  We want to see 

 8    $600 million in savings.  We never saw it.  

 9                 What we did see was they went from 

10    700 million to 800 million in lost revenue from 

11    toll and fare evasion.  They also saw a record 

12    amount of overtime, at $1.42 billion.  

13                 They're going the wrong direction, 

14    folks.  There's no person -- there's no 

15    accountability, no responsibility here.  All they 

16    do is come back and ask for more.  They don't 

17    clean up anything.  

18                 So I said, where are they spending 

19    this money?  Well, let's take a look.  

20                 The MTA spent over $900 million in 

21    consultant costs for the Second Avenue Subway.  

22    Now, the first phase of the Second Avenue Subway 

23    cost $2.6 billion per mile.  If you add up the 

24    Madrid subway, the Paris subway and the London 

25    subway extensions, lump them together, it doesn't 


                                                               3226

 1    equal half of what the MTA spent there.  

 2                 So again, you think they're going to 

 3    get that under control, right?  Think again.  The 

 4    second phase of the Second Avenue Subway is going 

 5    to cost $4.3 billion per mile.  It just never 

 6    ends, folks.  Just spending like it's water, man.  

 7    They don't care.  Because we'll just come back 

 8    and ask for more.  

 9                 A new staircase and entryway at 

10    Times Square subway station cost the MTA 

11    $30 million.  The MTA installed 910 cameras in 

12    32 subway stations to make it safer.  Right?  

13    Sorry, I had to laugh at that one.  That cost 

14    $21.3 million.  That comes to 23,000 per camera.  

15    I can get a Ring camera and do better than that.  

16    The MTA spent over 650 million on security camera 

17    projects since 2002.  

18                 These are just some of the reckless 

19    spending.  It can go on and on.  If you want 

20    to -- well, I'm kind of a geek, I guess, a policy 

21    geek.  I get amused by looking up these audits, 

22    some of the audits that the comptroller's done on 

23    the MTA.  Because man, it will blow your mind.  

24    Every one of them, you find millions and 

25    millions.  Back in 2009 when they first put the 


                                                               3227

 1    first MTA payroll tax in place -- because they 

 2    needed money so desperately -- the LIRR forgot to 

 3    charge advertisers for all the billboards along 

 4    the Long Island Rail Road, to the extent of I 

 5    believe it was -- what was it, $8 million, I 

 6    believe it was.  They forgot to charge them.  

 7    Again, this is an authority that needs money 

 8    desperately.

 9                 I think you're getting the hint 

10    here.  Before we shell out more, before we chase 

11    the jobs away, before we hammer the entrepreneurs 

12    and the businesspeople that just want to earn a 

13    living -- before we do that, let's demand -- not 

14    ask, demand -- that they clean up their own 

15    fiscal backyard.  We need to see some fiscal 

16    responsibility or no, you don't get this.  

17                 Senator Krueger yesterday -- I 

18    forget, I apologize, I forget what subject it was 

19    on.  It might have been the hospital.  Now that I 

20    remember, it was.  It was NUMC.  We're talking 

21    about the Nassau Medical Center.  And she made 

22    the comment that maybe they should withhold their 

23    funding until they straighten themselves out.  

24    That would teach them, right?  That would show 

25    them how to do it right.  


                                                               3228

 1                 Yeah, that's exactly what we should 

 2    do for the MTA.  Why don't we say no once in a 

 3    while and make them fix their own problems.  And 

 4    that's why, Madam President, I will be voting no, 

 5    and I urge all of my colleagues to do the same.  

 6                 Thank you. 

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

 8    Senator Murray.

 9                 Senator Weber, why do you rise?

10                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you, 

11    Madam President.  Will the sponsor who handles 

12    Part A -- Part A.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Part A.  

14    That is Senator Krueger.

15                 Do you yield?  

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    senator yields.

19                 SENATOR WEBER:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, will the sponsor answer some 

21    questions.

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

24    sponsor will yield.  

25                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  


                                                               3229

 1                 So, Senator Krueger, good evening.  

 2    I'd like to talk to you about -- I know it's been 

 3    the hottest topic in New York State since the 

 4    Governor announced it, and that's those inflation 

 5    refund checks.  

 6                 Could you tell me what the Governor 

 7    had in her Executive Budget and then tell me 

 8    where we are today?

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   (Conferring.)  

10    Through you, Madam President.  Under the original 

11    proposal of the Executive, if you were a married 

12    filer with income below $300,000, you would be 

13    getting a $500 check.  And if you were a 

14    non-married filer below 150,000, you would be 

15    getting a $300 check.

16                 (Pause.)

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   And now, in the 

18    final budget, if you are married up to 150,000 in 

19    income, you get a $400 check.  And if you're a 

20    single filer -- no?    

21                 Excuse me.  If you're married with 

22    incomes between 150,000 and 300,000, you get a 

23    $400 check.  (Conferring.)  Okay, so we covered 

24    married.  So the refund will be 400 for married 

25    filers with combined household incomes up to 


                                                               3230

 1    150,000.  For married filers reporting between 

 2    150,000 and 300,000, the refund will be 300.  And 

 3    single filers, individuals making up to 75,000 

 4    will get $200.  Single filers making between 

 5    75,000 and 150,000 will get $150.

 6                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  

 7                 And through you, Madam President, 

 8    will the sponsor continue to yield?  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

10    yield?  

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

13    Senator yields.

14                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you, Senator 

15    Krueger.  

16                 How much in total was the original 

17    Executive Budget's estimate for the inflation 

18    refund checks, and how much are they today?  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   In the Governor's 

20    original proposal, the cost was going to be 

21    $3 billion dollars.  And in the final agreement 

22    it's $2 billion.  

23                 SENATOR WEBER:   Two billion.

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, sir.

25                 SENATOR WEBER:   And through you, 


                                                               3231

 1    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 2    yield?

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 5    continue to yield?  Yes, the sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  

 7                 So what happened?  Where did the 

 8    money go?  

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through the 

10    budget process the amount was negotiated down 

11    because we used the billion dollars for a number 

12    of other things that we thought were 

13    exceptionally important.

14                 SENATOR WEBER:   And through you, 

15    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

16    yield?  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

18    continue to yield? 

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes, the 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR WEBER:   So Senator Krueger, 

23    I have some questions on Part B.  I don't know if 

24    that would be you as well.

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.


                                                               3232

 1                 SENATOR WEBER:   All right.  So I 

 2    know the Governor mentioned and I know a lot of 

 3    middle-class taxpayers in New York State were 

 4    excited to start hearing about the 

 5    always-promised middle-class tax cuts.  And from 

 6    what I understand, in the final budget the 

 7    middle-class tax cut has been delayed.  

 8                 Can you clarify and discuss that a 

 9    little bit?

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, it has been 

11    delayed from 2025 to 2026.

12                 SENATOR WEBER:   And through you, 

13    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

14    yield.

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

17    continue to yield?  

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I will.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

20    Senator yields.  

21                 SENATOR WEBER:   So in 2026 -- it's 

22    till 2027, I think, right? 

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, '26.

24                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay.  So can you 

25    tell me how much a middle-class taxpayer in 2026 


                                                               3233

 1    will get, in 2027, and the brackets as well?  Can 

 2    you kind of give me an estimate on that?  

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I'll clarify 

 4    there's one reduction in '26 and then an 

 5    additional reduction in '27.  So it's like on 

 6    Jeopardy, we were both right.  Okay.  And I'm 

 7    getting charts.  (Conferring.)

 8                 So there's three different levels of 

 9    filers, so the chart's fairly extensive.  I don't 

10    know whether it just makes more sense to hand you 

11    the charts as opposed to my reading down this 

12    several pages of examples.

13                 SENATOR WEBER:   Through you, 

14    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

15    yield?  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Are you 

17    finished answering, Senator Krueger?

18                 SENATOR WEBER:   I'm sorry.  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I'm also getting 

20    answers of maybe easier ways to explain it.

21                 (Conferring.)  A 1 percent rate cut 

22    for the bottom four income brackets.  That's for 

23    married -- for all.  

24                 They're really good at this, and 

25    they're having trouble translating the charts.


                                                               3234

 1                 For married couples, it's people who 

 2    have below 323,000.  Then for head of household 

 3    filers, it's under 269,000.  And for singles it's 

 4    under 215,000.

 5                 SENATOR WEBER:   And through you, 

 6    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 7    yield?  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 9    continue to yield?  

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Absolutely.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    Senator yields.

13                 SENATOR WEBER:   Will the 

14    middle-class tax cuts be equal in '26 and '27, or 

15    are they top-heavy in one year compared to the 

16    other year?  

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   It's 0.1 percent 

18    in '26, another 0.1 percent in '27.  So 

19    0.2 percent over the course of the two years.

20                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay.  Thank you, 

21    Senator Krueger.  

22                 And, Madam President, will the 

23    sponsor continue to yield?

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 


                                                               3235

 1    yield?  The Senator yields.

 2                 SENATOR WEBER:   So I have one final 

 3    question related to Part WW.  Would that be you?

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   MTA sales tax 

 5    redirect?  

 6                 SENATOR WEBER:   Yeah.

 7                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Okay.  We'll 

 8    trade bodies.  Okay, ready.

 9                 SENATOR WEBER:   Senator Krueger, 

10    can you explain kind of what's going on here?  It 

11    looks like the sales tax brought in vis-a-vis -- 

12    sales and use tax, actually, brought in by the 

13    MTA was an additional 3/8ths percent.  And it's 

14    now being redirected.  Can you kind of explain 

15    what's going on with that?  

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Interesting.  So 

17    it's going from one type of an account to 

18    another, with the advantage being this will 

19    actually allow them a better bond rating when 

20    they go to the bond market, and actually expand 

21    their room to bond because if it goes in one 

22    direction, it gets counted against the bond cap, 

23    and if it's in this other direction, it gives 

24    them better coverage.  

25                 So they're saving money is the 


                                                               3236

 1    technical answer.  They're saving money.

 2                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you, 

 3    Senator Krueger.  

 4                 Madam President, will the sponsor 

 5    continue to yield?

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 7    continue to yield?

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   On WW, or did we 

 9    change topics?

10                 SENATOR WEBER:   The same, WW.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    Senator yields.

13                 SENATOR WEBER:   So I had done some 

14    research on this myself, and it looks like the 

15    sales tax kind of went -- had been all going into 

16    this Metropolitan Commuter Transportation 

17    District, or Mass Transportation Operating 

18    Assistance Fund, and now it's kind of being split 

19    where 85 percent of it's basically going to go to 

20    New York City and the other 15 percent is going 

21    to go everywhere else.  

22                 Am I reading that right?  

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, you're 

24    reading that correctly.  

25                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay.  Through you, 


                                                               3237

 1    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 2    yield?  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 4    continue to yield?  

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR WEBER:   So 85 percent of 

 9    the money is now going to go towards New York 

10    City, and everyone else gets 15 percent?  What's 

11    the rationale on that?  

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   That's always 

13    been the historical share for New York City.  So 

14    it doesn't change that.

15                 SENATOR WEBER:   I'm sorry, could 

16    you repeat that?

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   That's always 

18    been the historical share for New York City, 

19    85 percent, so it does not change.

20                 SENATOR WEBER:   Eighty-five.  Okay, 

21    fine. 

22                 All right, thank you, 

23    Senator Krueger.  

24                 Madam President, on the bill.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 


                                                               3238

 1    Weber on the bill.

 2                 SENATOR WEBER:   So, 

 3    Madam President, here we are, you know, in April 

 4    -- in May.  And as Senator Krueger would say, 

 5    March -- I don't even know what it would be at 

 6    this point.  But we're in May.  People expected 

 7    or at least counted on inflation reduction 

 8    refunds.  They at least planned to hopefully get 

 9    a middle-class tax cut -- not this year, but at 

10    least next year.  And it seems to be the old game 

11    where things get kicked down the road.  

12                 We have the residents of Rockland 

13    paying congestion pricing now.  We have the 

14    residents of Rockland and the businesses in 

15    Rockland who are going to be now subject to the 

16    MTA payroll mobility tax.  It just keeps getting 

17    worse and worse for the residents of Rockland.  

18                 And I will be voting against this 

19    budget bill, this revenue bill, because the 

20    taxpayers in Rockland can't pay any more.  You 

21    know, there's that old slogan, You can't get 

22    blood from a stone.  Well, New York State 

23    continues to try even more and more in Rockland.  

24                 So I'll be voting no on this revenue 

25    bill.


                                                               3239

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

 2    Senator Weber.

 3                 Senator Martins, why do you rise?

 4                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

 5    Madam President.  

 6                 If the sponsor would yield on just a 

 7    few questions on Section VV.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT 

 9    MAYER:   Senator Krueger, do you yield?  

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   VV, MTA payroll 

11    mobility tax.  Sure.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes, the 

13    Senator yields.

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   There seems to be 

15    a theme here.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   As it should be, 

17    Senator.  As it should be.

18                 Through you, Madam President, if the 

19    sponsor would yield.  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will you 

21    yield?  

22                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

24    Senator yields.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  


                                                               3240

 1                 Do we -- Senator, do you have a 

 2    sense of how many projects have yet to be 

 3    completed in the pipeline from 2010 through two 

 4    thousand -- well, through to the present that 

 5    have been approved as MTA projects?  Do you know 

 6    how many are still pending and have not been 

 7    commenced?

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   So that would be 

 9    two -- oh, you have the answers?  You want to 

10    offer me the answers?

11                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I will absolutely 

12    help you.  

13                 The Comptroller, in a March 2025 

14    report -- through you, Madam President, excuse 

15    me -- indicated that there are $34.2 billion 

16    worth of capital programs since 2010 that remain 

17    to be committed.  That's nearly $35 billion since 

18    2010.  

19                 So Madam President, through you, if 

20    the sponsor would continue to yield.  My question 

21    is, has anyone gone back, to your knowledge, at 

22    the MTA or have we requested that they go back to 

23    look at the nearly 35 billion dollars that are 

24    still to be started, out of the capital programs 

25    over the last 15 years, to see whether or not 


                                                               3241

 1    they're even necessary, whether or not they're 

 2    going to be included with regard to the 

 3    $64 billion MTA capital plan that we're currently 

 4    considering and trying to fund?  

 5                 Has that analysis been done, to your 

 6    knowledge?

 7                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Okay.  So 

 8    obviously we know capital projects can take years 

 9    and years and years.  So it is quite conceivable 

10    that some of the projects that got started or in 

11    the 2010 capital plan started at perhaps the very 

12    end of the plan.  

13                 Hence, the real question is not why 

14    are we still not completely done with previous 

15    projects.  It's really can we account for the 

16    money that was promised and then used?  And I 

17    think that is an important question.  Because I 

18    believe the MTA dashboard does allow you to track 

19    the money on each project and where it came from.  

20    And it often is over -- I believe the word is 

21    "tranches," for how many different tranches are 

22    continuing with the specific project.  

23                 For example, we did the East Side 

24    Access project for Long Island.  It ended up 

25    costing us $12 billion.  It took many more years 


                                                               3242

 1    than anyone imagined, frankly because of a 

 2    variety of reasons.  I never understood how we 

 3    were doing that for $12 billion.  And we then hit 

 4    COVID, and so we know that that put us back 

 5    several years during the -- starting in 2020.  So 

 6    you would almost have to ask me can I pull up the 

 7    dashboard for each individual project.

 8                 But I do believe that when you look 

 9    at monies that were put into capital plans for 

10    specific projects and then hold that up against 

11    the projects and where they are in the timeline, 

12    they actually all match.  We are behind, no 

13    question about it, on many different projects.  

14    And some projects are actually scheduled to take 

15    literally up to 25 years.  So it would be 

16    five capital plans before you ever got them 

17    completed.  

18                 So, you know, there's not one right 

19    answer.  Each project has to be looked at 

20    individually.

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

22    Madam President.  And thank you, Senator Krueger.

23                 Madam President, on the bill.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

25    Martins on the bill.


                                                               3243

 1                 SENATOR MARTINS:   You know, look, 

 2    my question really wasn't the projects that were 

 3    in the pipeline, Madam President.  My question 

 4    was, has anyone gone back and looked at 

 5    $35 billion worth of projects that were to be 

 6    started and have yet to be started to see how 

 7    those integrate with the $65 billion in projects 

 8    that are about to start?  

 9                 We're being asked to fund 

10    $65 billion in projects when we haven't even 

11    started $35 billion in projects that date back to 

12    2010, to the original MTA payroll tax.  

13                 And so the idea that we have 35 -- I 

14    mean, think about it.  Together, over 

15    $100 billion in projects by this agency.  And I 

16    just want to know how no one could have looked 

17    and analyzed to see whether or not some of those 

18    projects that are in those pipelines should be 

19    reconsidered, removed, and perhaps some of the 

20    funding that had been committed to that actually 

21    applied to the 58 billion dollars that we have 

22    going forward, because we may not need that.

23                 Certainly we've talked about how if 

24    the MTA simply did a better job at collecting its 

25    fares, not only on buses but on the subway, and 


                                                               3244

 1    made sure that those fares were in hand, we'd 

 2    have an at extra 800 to a billion dollars -- 

 3    $800 million to a billion dollars a year.  

 4                 Now, I think the math that we've 

 5    discussed over the last few days, certainly the 

 6    MTA does borrow over 20 or 30 years.  So we 

 7    understand a billion dollars a year in revenue 

 8    cannot truly go to pay for a significant portion 

 9    of what we're discussing here without the need to 

10    go back and hit our small businesses and large 

11    businesses with an additional payroll tax to the 

12    tune of $1.4 billion.

13                 So I'm concerned about management.  

14    We've talked about that before.  We've talked 

15    about the management and the leadership at the 

16    MTA.  And I just want to make sure that as we go 

17    forward, we don't just take it for granted that a 

18    15-year-old project that maybe made sense in 2010 

19    perhaps doesn't make sense anymore.  So why are 

20    we still committing resources there, as opposed 

21    to looking -- and I have not heard from anyone 

22    that -- first of all, that there was $35 billion 

23    in projects that had yet to start.  

24                 But it seems highly unlikely, with 

25    $35 billion in projects that are out there and 


                                                               3245

 1    monies that had been committed previously, that 

 2    that and those projects can't be advanced to this 

 3    $58 billion and move forward without the need to 

 4    go back into pockets of our businesses in our 

 5    communities.  And we can talk about congestion 

 6    pricing, we can talk about the payroll mobility 

 7    tax.  Certainly I can echo Senator Murray's 

 8    concerns.  And certainly I have those concerns 

 9    about the impact to our hospitals because we all 

10    know our hospitals have razor-thin margins.  We 

11    know that.  

12                 And yet time and again we'll write 

13    blank checks and allow the MTA to come out 

14    because it's in the best interests of this state.  

15    And again, I've said it before, the MTA is 

16    vitally important to this state and to our 

17    region.  And I will say it to my communities, I 

18    get it, I understand that.  That doesn't mean 

19    that I'm never going to ask a question, I'm not 

20    going to question them on how they spend money, 

21    and I'm not writing them a blank check.  

22                 Enough is enough, Madam President.  

23    And that's why I'll be voting no on this bill.

24                 Thank you.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 


                                                               3246

 1    Senator Martins.

 2                 Senator Krueger?

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you very 

 4    much.  On the bill.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:  Okay, 

 6    Senator Krueger on the bill.

 7                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   So I feel that I 

 8    did not explain my answer to Senator Martins 

 9    correctly, so I wanted to make sure I did go on 

10    record with this.  

11                 If $35 billion over two capital 

12    plans, 10 years, so it's about 3.5 billion a 

13    year -- there is constant auditing.  There is -- 

14    we know some of those numbers because the 

15    State Comptroller did audit.  There is constant 

16    review and the board actually can and does make 

17    decisions reallocating priorities for MTA 

18    projects.

19                 Just because we put it in a capital 

20    plan doesn't mean we went and borrowed the money 

21    and hence owe the money back.  It was just a 

22    capital plan giving them the authority to borrow 

23    if they need it.  

24                 So I have no question that if a 

25    project was started or on the boards in 2010 but 


                                                               3247

 1    not completed by 2024, that somewhere along the 

 2    line somebody said, Maybe we're not doing this, 

 3    or maybe we have a better way to do this, and 

 4    they shifted that in their plans, publicly in 

 5    their dashboard, with board approval.  

 6                 So I think there's a big difference 

 7    between having a plan where it shows there's 

 8    32 billion over two plans over 10 years, 

 9    3 billion a year in capital that maybe didn't get 

10    spent exactly on time but may have been used for 

11    different purposes.  

12                 But again, just to reinforce, we 

13    don't go to the bond market and borrow that money 

14    and owe it back unless we're actually spending it 

15    on projects moving forward.

16                  Thank you, Madam President.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

18    Senator Krueger.

19                 Senator Comrie on the bill.

20                 SENATOR COMRIE:   Senator Krueger 

21    said a lot of what I was going to say.  I just 

22    want to reemphasize that we have been since -- 

23    doing our best to try to get audits to try to ask 

24    these pertinent questions whenever there is a 

25    hearing with the MTA.  


                                                               3248

 1                 The MTA has been doing projects on 

 2    time and on budget.  They did the Long Island 

 3    Rail Road station on Elmont on time and on 

 4    budget.  They brought in Grand Central Madison 

 5    earlier on time -- or a little late, but they 

 6    finally got that together and got that within 

 7    their budget.  

 8                 They have been more transparent. 

 9    They're the most transparent state agency.  I'm 

10    not saying that that's a good thing, because we 

11    need a lot more, Senator Martins.  I agree with 

12    you, we want to make sure that the MTA is 

13    spending their dollars wisely.  

14                 But we can't forget that the MTA is 

15    dealing with a system that's hundreds of years 

16    old, with 20 years of neglect when they weren't 

17    fully funded.  The previous administration 

18    underfunded the MTA to a point where we had power 

19    outages in I think the summer of 2017.  We're 

20    still recovering from that.  We're still 

21    recovering from the flooding that happened due to 

22    the last three floods that hit the city.  The MTA 

23    is still recovering from that.  

24                 We're recovering from the time 

25    during COVID when the fares were free and people 


                                                               3249

 1    are still believing in their minds that they 

 2    should ride the system for free.  That's why we 

 3    have a high issue with fare evasion.  

 4                 And then we also, frankly, on this 

 5    side of the aisle don't want everybody arrested 

 6    for taking the subway because there are a lot of 

 7    people that are indigent and they need to get 

 8    that free ride so that they can get to work.  And 

 9    that's a problem we've all been grappling with.  

10    It's not a fare problem, but it's a reality in 

11    New York City.

12                 So I agree with you, Senator 

13    Martins, we need to make sure that the MTA is as 

14    transparent as possible.  We are doing everything 

15    we can on this side of the aisle to be more 

16    transparent.  We're working on focusing on and 

17    looking at their projects.  And I want to thank 

18    the staff, the Finance staff and the staff that 

19    looks over Transportation, because they have been 

20    helping to bring up a better level of scrutiny.  

21                 When we bring board members before 

22    us, we ask them to make sure that they're part of 

23    that scrutiny and that they report back to us 

24    about the activities of the MTA.  

25                 And yes, they are moving projects 


                                                               3250

 1    that they said they were going to do in 2011 to 

 2    now 2025.  There's a lot of budget fooling 

 3    around, I think, at the MTA, based on my personal 

 4    opinion looking at it as chair.  And we need to 

 5    illuminate that as much as possible so that we 

 6    can stop the madness.  

 7                 We need to make sure that we have a 

 8    system that's functioning.  It requires a lot of 

 9    repair.  As you may know, the entire area under 

10    Grand Central is literally falling apart, if 

11    anyone has gone there.  

12                 We also have other locations within 

13    the system where they can't operate to fix the 

14    trains anymore because the new trains that are 

15    coming in are built -- are too big for the repair 

16    depots that they're supposed to fit in.  

17                 So there are a lot of structural 

18    problems, there are a lot of infrastructure 

19    problems.  We need the MTA to run, but we also 

20    need to, as Senator Krueger said, make sure that 

21    we do the things necessary to ensure that 

22    everybody's comfortable with how we're giving 

23    $64 billion in capital money to them.  

24                 And unfortunately, I just want to 

25    remind folks the congestion pricing dollars is 


                                                               3251

 1    only going to pay off the debt for the last 

 2    bonding plan.  And that's going to run for at 

 3    least another 10 years, that we're using 

 4    congestion pricing dollars to pay the bonding.  

 5                 So we will be back here next year or 

 6    the year after looking for more money for the 

 7    MTA.  We will be back here trying to make sure 

 8    that the MTA system is being more responsible 

 9    within that time.  And I look forward to working 

10    with all my members to raise the level of MTA 

11    responsibility.

12                 Thank you, Madam President.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

14    Senator Comrie.

15                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

16    to be heard?

17                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

18    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

19                 Read the last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

21    act shall take effect immediately.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 


                                                               3252

 1    Ryan to explain his vote.

 2                 SENATOR SEAN RYAN:   Thank you.  

 3                 In this bill in Section PP there's a 

 4    section that allows the City of Lackawanna to 

 5    come into the old brownfield tax credit for 

 6    what's called a Renaissance Commerce Park, and 

 7    that has been a priority of my county executive, 

 8    Mark Poloncarz, for the last several years.  This 

 9    is a highly contaminated site on the old steel 

10    plant site, Bethlehem Steel.  And we've been 

11    working very hard to get that parcel back on the 

12    tax rolls and to get private activity going 

13    there.  

14                 So I'm happy to report that we're 

15    going to allow them to maintain entrance into the 

16    old program, and it was under the leadership of 

17    County Executive Poloncarz and his team, 

18    Andy Federick and Ben Swanekamp, two who worked 

19    very hard on that, and my legislative director, 

20    Sarah Lesser.  So thanks to all them for getting 

21    this done.  

22                 I'm happy to vote in the 

23    affirmative.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

25    Ryan to be recorded in the affirmative.


                                                               3253

 1                 Senator Rhoads to explain his vote.

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

 3    Madam President.  I appreciate it.

 4                 I believe it was Senator Krueger and 

 5    Senator Murray in their comments were joking 

 6    about it sounded as though they worked for the 

 7    MTA.  Trust me, you may not get a paycheck from 

 8    the MTA, but if you live in Nassau, Suffolk 

 9    County, if you live in Westchester, Rockland, if 

10    you live in Orange County, if you live in the 

11    five boroughs of New York City, you may not get a 

12    paycheck from the MTA, but trust me, you are 

13    working for the MTA.  And we see the evidence of 

14    that here today.

15                 New York, highest-taxed state in the 

16    country.  We have the fourth-highest cost of 

17    living.  We have the second-worst business 

18    climate in country, according to Forbes magazine.  

19    We are number one in outward migration.  

20                 In the last 10 years we have lost 

21    1.5 million New Yorkers.  And so what are we 

22    seeing today?  What are we seeing in this budget?  

23    We're seeing a $10 billion increase in spending.  

24    And we are seeing, in this particular bill, 

25    congestion pricing, which is making it more 


                                                               3254

 1    expensive for people to go to work.  And we are 

 2    now seeing an MTA payroll tax, which is making it 

 3    more expensive for employers to create jobs.  It 

 4    is a tax on jobs.

 5                 We have a Governor and we have an 

 6    MTA that is addicted to spending.  And we have an 

 7    Assembly and a Senate who are nothing more than 

 8    enablers.  Again, we have nothing in this budget 

 9    to call for fiscal accountability, to call for an 

10    audit of the MTA.  And as my colleague Senator 

11    Comrie had mentioned, we all know that next year 

12    we're going to be back here doing the same thing, 

13    looking for more money to feed the beast.  

14                 It has to stop.  And that's why, 

15    Madam President, I will be voting no, and I would 

16    encourage my colleagues to do the same.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

18    Rhoads to be recorded in the negative.

19                 Senator Kavanagh to explain his 

20    vote.

21                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Thank you, 

22    Madam President.  Just again, this bill contains 

23    several key provisions of our efforts to address 

24    the housing crisis.  We are -- in Part D, we are 

25    doubling the state Low-Income Tax Credit at a 


                                                               3255

 1    cost of about $500,000 per project.  We get 

 2    several multiples of private investment as a 

 3    result of that each time.  So that $15 million 

 4    addition to that program will really generate a 

 5    great deal of economic activity in the private 

 6    market to support affordable housing.  

 7                 We are also expanding the 

 8    availability of the Historic Tax Credit by 

 9    expanding the geographic scope in which that can 

10    be used.

11                 And finally, there's an important 

12    provision which was in the Executive Budget and 

13    hasn't been spoken about in a while, but it's 

14    Part F.  And this is a provision to put a waiting 

15    period on sales of one- and two-family homes by 

16    institutional purchasers.  It's very often the 

17    case that somebody puts a house on the market and 

18    it is snapped up almost on day one by an all-cash 

19    offer from an institutional investor who may or 

20    may not be making it available for New Yorkers to 

21    live there.  That has made it a lot harder for 

22    families to acquire one- and two-family homes.  

23                 By the simple change of putting in 

24    that waiting period, it should make a lot of our 

25    communities more accessible for homeownership.  


                                                               3256

 1                 So I'm proud to be supporting that 

 2    today, and I vote aye on this bill. 

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 4    Kavanagh to be recorded in the affirmative.

 5                 Senator Walczyk to explain his vote.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

 7    Madam President.  

 8                 This bill includes a continuation of 

 9    the program that's already handed out 

10    $7.7 billion to the film industry -- $700 million 

11    for the film tax credit has proven to be a net 

12    negative ROI, returning 31 cents per dollar.  

13                 We talk about state investments 

14    around here quite a bit, but this program has 

15    proven to not have transparency and millions have 

16    been wasted on terrible projects, seasons that 

17    have been canceled and shows that nobody watches.

18                 There's a lot of ways, when you're 

19    talking about priorities, you could spend those 

20    $700 million.  You could spend 250 million of 

21    that to increase CHIPS.  You could fully fund the 

22    7.8 COLA request for ARCs at 235 million.  You 

23    could add a $1.5 million increase for FLLOWPA to 

24    meet their request for our Soil and Water 

25    Conservation Districts.  You could spend $200,000 


                                                               3257

 1    for Boys State, in addition to funding 

 2    Girls State.  You could spend 100K that the Civil 

 3    Air Patrol asked for, $40 million for Centers for 

 4    Disability Services that was lacking, 5 million 

 5    for our YMCAs that was missing, 70 million for 

 6    certified home health agencies, 1.5 million for 

 7    Farm-to-School grants, or 20 million and 

 8    20 million for EMS Medicaid emergency response 

 9    rates.

10                 That would be a smarter investment.  

11    Or, if you couldn't bring it upon yourselves to 

12    support those excellent programs that support our 

13    communities, you could just save the taxpayers 

14    $700 million and shut down the film tax program.

15                 Thank you, Madam President.  I vote 

16    no.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

18    Walczyk to be recorded in the negative.  

19                 Announce the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation --

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Oh, excuse 

22    me.  Sorry.  

23                 Senator Brisport to explain his 

24    vote.  Sorry.

25                 SENATOR BRISPORT:   Thank you, 


                                                               3258

 1    Madam President.  I rise with the grave awareness 

 2    that the billionaire class now has a near total 

 3    chokehold on our federal government at the same 

 4    time they're working to control our individual 

 5    states as well.  This budget is the product of 

 6    their influence over Governor Hochul.  

 7                 It is past time we begin naming out 

 8    loud the billionaires quietly pulling the strings 

 9    at every level of government.  Here in New York 

10    they include billionaire Andrew Tisch, a Hochul 

11    donor who grew his family fortune by lying to 

12    congress about the harmful effects of smoking 

13    cigarettes.  Today his net worth is nearly 

14    $1.3 billion, nearly twice as much wealth as it 

15    would cost New York to ensure all recipients of 

16    SNAP food stamps had at least $50 a month for 

17    food -- a moderate proposal that Governor Hochul 

18    chose not to fund even as food prices rise.  

19                 Then there are donors like 

20    John Catsimatidis, the oil CEO who funded both 

21    Hochul and Trump.  He has a net worth of 

22    $4.5 billion.  That is nearly eight times the 

23    size of the proposal Governor Hochul forced out 

24    of this budget that would have raised the wages 

25    of human services workers to match inflation.  


                                                               3259

 1                 But even his massive fortune is 

 2    dwarfed by that of Wall Street billionaires 

 3    Marilyn and Jim Simons.  These Hochul donors 

 4    hoarded more money than it would cost to build 

 5    and implement an entire statewide universal 

 6    childcare system.  Notably, not only did Governor 

 7    Hochul privately negotiate against funding for 

 8    universal childcare, but under her budget 

 9    childcare workers will receive a pay cut this 

10    year.  Childcare workers will receive a pay cut 

11    this year.  Childcare workers will receive a pay 

12    cut this year.  And the state will underfund 

13    existing childcare programs.

14                 While the public will suffer, these 

15    billionaires and their heirs got what they paid 

16    for when they bankrolled her campaign -- a 

17    Governor in their pocket committed to preserving 

18    tax breaks for the ultra-rich even as they drain 

19    our economy.  

20                 Over the next year they will 

21    continue to escalate their power grab unless we 

22    are willing to rise up against them.  

23                 I vote no.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

25    Brisport to be recorded in the negative.  I 


                                                               3260

 1    assume I missed that.  Yes?  Senator Brisport to 

 2    be recorded in the negative.

 3                 Announce the results.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 5    Calendar 974, those Senators voting in the 

 6    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, Brisport, 

 7    Bynoe, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chan, Gallivan, 

 8    Griffo, Helming, Lanza, Martinez, Martins, 

 9    Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, 

10    Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Scarcella-Spanton, 

11    Skoufis, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

12                 Ayes, 35.  Nays, 27.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

14    is passed.

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

16    let's take up next Calendar Number 971.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    Secretary will ring the bell.

19                 The Secretary will read.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    971, Senate Print 3003D, Budget Bill, an act 

22    making appropriations for the support of 

23    government.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

25    Murray, why do you rise?  


                                                               3261

 1                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

 2    Madam President.  I was hoping -- by the way, 

 3    I've refilled my coffee and it is not decaf.  

 4                 (Laughter.)

 5                 SENATOR MURRAY:   I was hoping the 

 6    sponsor would yield for just a question on the -- 

 7    it might actually be you -- on OTDA.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Here we 

 9    go.

10                 SENATOR MURRAY:   The Office of 

11    Temporary and Disability Assistance.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

13    sponsor --

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Since the 

15    appropriate sponsor is otherwise engaged, I will 

16    do my best.

17                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR MURRAY:   And I will 

21    compliment the appropriate sponsor as well, 

22    because I know she's been working very hard on 

23    this issue as well.  

24                 I was wondering, anywhere in this 

25    bill can we find the funding to institute the 


                                                               3262

 1    chip technology for the SNAP EBT cards?

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   (Conferring.)  

 3    Thank you.  Through you, Madam President.  

 4                 So, one, we agree, of course, that 

 5    we should be trying to move as quickly as 

 6    possible to get chip cards in the EBT system, 

 7    because as we have all discussed before there are 

 8    I guess criminals who have figured out how to 

 9    steal the benefits from poor people off of the 

10    cards because the official EBT card, electronic 

11    benefit transfer used for SNAP and public 

12    assistance and maybe WIC now, doesn't have a 

13    chip.  

14                 And yet all of our credit cards have 

15    chips.  And there's a reason they have chips, 

16    because it helps secure -- make it much tougher 

17    to sort of steal off of those cards.

18                 First off, if there was money in 

19    this budget it would not be in this bill, it 

20    would be in state ops, because this is Aid to 

21    Localities.  And it's not something that would be 

22    handled on a county-by-county basis but a state 

23    basis.

24                 But we will get to state ops, and 

25    the answer would be the same.  There is not money 


                                                               3263

 1    in the budget for this.  There's an -- the state 

 2    continues to work on trying to get a contract 

 3    done to get this done.  We all want them to move 

 4    faster.  We are advised that it would be an 

 5    approximately $48 million to $50 million cost to 

 6    get it done.  

 7                 And I'm optimistic that the state 

 8    will figure out how to successfully negotiate the 

 9    contract and get this rolling in this coming 

10    year.  And I don't believe it would require any 

11    kind of amendment to a budget to get that done.

12                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.  On the bill.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

15    Murray on the bill.

16                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

17    Senator Krueger.

18                 So yes, you're absolutely right, the 

19    thieves have found a way to steal the money off 

20    of the cards.  What they'll do is because we have 

21    the strips, the electronic strips, magnetic 

22    strips, still, and not the chip technology.  So 

23    when they're swiping it, they're putting a 

24    skimmer on top.  

25                 And I've seen a video; they can do 


                                                               3264

 1    it within 10 seconds.  They can replace it, put 

 2    it on that quick.  And what will happen is the 

 3    minute you skim that -- or scan it, they skim  

 4    the money off and empty your account.

 5                 In fact, to the tune of $40 million 

 6    New Yorkers have lost.  New Yorkers that need 

 7    this money to feed their families.  Since 2022 

 8    they've stolen $40 million.  

 9                 Here's the part that has me upset.  

10    I mean, I'm glad that you said that we'll make 

11    the effort, but we haven't.  Well, wait.  Yes, we 

12    have.  See, we haven't done it for the SNAP 

13    benefit cards.  But the Department of Labor has 

14    had the chip technology on their unemployment EBT 

15    cards.  They've had it for a couple of years now.  

16    And they use a vendor called Conduent.  

17                 Ironically, OTDA had Conduent as a 

18    vendor and just switched vendors.  So they could 

19    have made this switch.  

20                 Something else that's interesting.  

21    The number I got quoted was 40 million would be 

22    the cost.  The feds split that 50/50 and have 

23    said they will.  So that would be 20 million is 

24    what we needed.

25                 Senator Walczyk read off a list on 


                                                               3265

 1    this last bill of all the different things we 

 2    could have done.  Twenty million in a 

 3    $254 billion budget to make sure New York 

 4    families get the food they need?  

 5                 Listen, I applaud all of you, all of 

 6    us for passing the bill that gave universal free 

 7    meals for our children in schools, because they 

 8    need to be fed.  But we don't need to feed them 

 9    there so they can go home and be hungry there.  

10    That's absurd.  We have the fix.  We know what 

11    the fix to the problem is.  We're already doing 

12    it through the Department of Labor.  There is no 

13    excuse for it not to be in this budget.  

14                 Which is another reason I will be 

15    voting no.  But I pray we get our act together 

16    and find that money and get this done.

17                 Thank you, Madam President.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

19    you, Senator.

20                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

21    to be heard?

22                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

23    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.  

24                 Read the last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               3266

 1    act shall take effect immediately.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

 3    roll.  

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

 6    the results.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 8    Calendar 971, those Senators voting in the 

 9    negative are Senators Borrello, 

10    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, 

11    Helming, Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Murray, 

12    Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Rhoads, Stec, Tedisco, 

13    Walczyk and Weik.

14                 Ayes, 44.  Nays, 18.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

16    is passed.

17                 Senator Gianaris.

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   At this time 

19    let's move on to Supplemental Calendar 49C.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    Secretary will read.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

23    975, Senate Print 7797, by Senator Krueger, an 

24    act making appropriations for the support of 

25    government.


                                                               3267

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

 2    message of necessity and appropriation at the 

 3    desk?

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 

 5    a message of necessity at the desk.

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

 7    the message.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

 9    those in favor of accepting the message please 

10    signify by saying aye.

11                 (Response of "Aye.")

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

13    nay.

14                 (Response of "Nay.")

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

17    house.

18                 Read the last section.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 12.  This 

20    act shall take effect immediately.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

22    roll.

23                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

25    the results.


                                                               3268

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 2    Calendar 975, voting in the negative are 

 3    Senators Borrello, Helming, Lanza, Ortt and Weik.

 4                 Ayes, 57.  Nays, 5.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 Senator Gianaris.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

 9    at this time we're going to stand at ease 

10    temporarily while we await the messages on the 

11    final two bills.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    Senate will stand at ease.

14                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

15    at 7:53 p.m.)

16                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

17    8:05 p.m.).  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    Senate will return to order.  

20                 Senator Gianaris.  

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

22    let's move on to Supplemental Calendar 49D, as in 

23    David, please.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    Secretary will read.  


                                                               3269

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    976, Senate Print 7798, Budget Bill, an act to 

 3    amend a chapter of the Laws of 2025.

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

 5    message of necessity at the desk?

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 

 7    a message of necessity at the desk.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

 9    the message.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

11    those in favor of accepting the message please 

12    signify by saying aye.

13                 (Response of "Aye.")

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

15    nay.

16                 (Response of "Nay.")

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

19    house.

20                 Read the last section.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

22    act shall take effect immediately.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

24    roll.

25                 (The Secretary called the roll.)


                                                               3270

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

 2    the results.  

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 4    Calendar 976, those Senators voting in the 

 5    negative are Senators Borrello, 

 6    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Lanza, 

 7    Martins, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, 

 8    Ortt, Rhoads, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk and Weik.

 9                 Ayes, 46.  Nays, 16.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

11    is passed.  

12                 Senator Gianaris.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Let's now return 

14    to Supplemental Calendar 49B, remove the 

15    lay-aside on Calendar Number 969, and take that 

16    up, please.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    Secretary will read.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

20    969, Senate Print 3000D, Budget Bill, an act 

21    making appropriations for the support of 

22    government.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

24    message of necessity at the desk?

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 


                                                               3271

 1    a message of necessity at the desk.

 2                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

 3    the message.  

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

 5    those in favor of accepting the message please 

 6    signify by saying aye.

 7                 (Response of "Aye.")

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

 9    nay.  

10                 (Response of "Nay.")

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

13    house.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Lay it 

16    aside.

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Let's move on to 

18    the controversial calendar.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    Secretary will ring the bell.

21                 The Secretary will read.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

23    969, Senate Print 3000D, an act making 

24    appropriations for the support of government.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 


                                                               3272

 1    Lanza, why do you rise?

 2                 SENATOR LANZA:   Thank you, 

 3    Madam President.  

 4                 Would the sponsor yield concerning 

 5    the appropriation for $10 million for attorney 

 6    fees?  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do, 

10    Madam President.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

14    Madam President.  

15                 Senator Krueger, is it true that 

16    this legislation would take $10 million from 

17    taxpayers to create a legal defense fund for 

18    elected officials?  

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

20    Madam President.  This would be -- (loud noise.)  

21    Sorry.  Theatrical drama.  

22                 It is true it is a $10 million line 

23    item.  It would be used to provide for legal 

24    representation in certain situations for any 

25    state employees, I believe including elected 


                                                               3273

 1    officials.

 2                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

 3    yield? 

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.  

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President.  

 9                 Senator Krueger, do you know who 

10    requested that this appropriation be placed in 

11    the budget?  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    Executive requested this, Madam President.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  By that you mean the Governor, 

16    Governor Hochul?  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, the Governor 

20    is the Executive.  Thank you.

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

22    yield?

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

25    sponsor yield?  The sponsor yields.  


                                                               3274

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President.  I think you said this.  So the 

 3    Governor -- I'll just -- for the purpose of 

 4    brevity, I'll do the list, and if anyone on this 

 5    list does not belong, you can correct me.  

 6                 But so the Governor, a Senator, the 

 7    Attorney General, the State Comptroller, they 

 8    would all be able to avail themselves of this 

 9    $10 million?  

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.  Again, I 

11    believe almost all state employees would be 

12    covered by this.  We're all state employees.

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

14    yield?  

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?  The Senator yields.

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

19                 SENATOR LANZA:   Thank you.  

20                 Through you, Madam President.  Would 

21    that include mayors across the state?  The mayor 

22    of the City of New York, the mayor of Buffalo, 

23    for instance?  

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   No.  My 

25    understanding is exclusively to cover the 


                                                               3275

 1    situation for state employees.  I don't think any 

 2    mayors in New York State are also state 

 3    employees, although I can't say that for sure.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 5    sponsor yield?

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.  

11                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

12    Madam President, what about a state employee that 

13    works at OCS, someone who helps keep the building 

14    working, somebody in maintenance, just an average 

15    worker that takes a state paycheck?  

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, it would 

17    cover all state employees, just a regular worker 

18    getting a paycheck.

19                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

20    yield?

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    sponsor yields.  


                                                               3276

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   So this would -- 

 2    thousands of state employees, in other words, 

 3    would be able to receive $10 million, up to 

 4    $10 million for -- to pay for private attorneys?

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Well, hopefully 

 6    we wouldn't have thousands of state employees 

 7    that were facing this unusual situation that is 

 8    of concern to us all now.

 9                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

10    yield?  

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   So continuing with 

15    that -- through you, Madam President -- is it a 

16    one-time $10 million appropriation?  What if five 

17    different elected officials were accused with 

18    five different crimes?  Would they each be able 

19    to receive $10 million for their attorneys?

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   It's not 

21    $10 million per case, it's a $10 million 

22    appropriation.  So the maximum that would go out 

23    the door is $10 million, not on a per-person 

24    situation.

25                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 


                                                               3277

 1    yield?

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.  

 5                 SENATOR LANZA:   So just to clarify, 

 6    if 10 different elected officials were charged 

 7    with 10 different crimes and hired 10 different 

 8    attorneys, the total outlay would be $10 million?  

 9    Perhaps just for argument's sake, to make the 

10    math easy, each would get $1 million to pay for 

11    their attorneys?

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

13    Madam President, there's a number of different 

14    requirements in order to be eligible to draw down 

15    on these funds.  So one would be reasonable 

16    attorney fees.  So I'm not sure what attorneys 

17    are getting away with a million dollars per case 

18    in 10 different cases, one.  

19                 Two, you actually have to show that 

20    the case is of a certain kind that is not -- that 

21    should not have been filed against you as a 

22    personal responsibility.  So it's not anybody who 

23    gets accused of anything being able to draw down 

24    these funds.

25                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 


                                                               3278

 1    yield?

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President.  I'm glad you mentioned that.  

 7    So it's not any investigations, but it certainly 

 8    would cover investigations that are not even 

 9    related to the work that the elected official is 

10    doing, correct?

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   It could be for 

12    issues outside the scope of their official 

13    responsibilities.  But of course under Public 

14    Officers Law, if you're an elected official, 

15    there are a variety of scenarios where the state 

16    already does have to represent you.  So that's 

17    not even new.  

18                 This is additional new situations.

19                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

20    yield? 

21                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

23    sponsor yields.  

24                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

25    Madam President.  But isn't that only and 


                                                               3279

 1    exclusively with respect to when the action being 

 2    investigated is pursuant to that elected 

 3    official's duties and responsibilities as 

 4    according to their position?  

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   So current law 

 6    covers situations that are specifically related 

 7    to your official duties.  

 8                 This situation would be you're 

 9    accused of something that may be correlated to 

10    being an elected official.  May not be at all.  

11    But it's not a per se crime that should be -- or 

12    a civil charge that should be handled on a 

13    personal level.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

15    yield?

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   (Inaudible.) 

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   I'm sorry.  Yes, 

22    I'm happy to answer questions.

23                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

24    Madam President.  I'll give you an opportunity, 

25    if you'd like, to clarify what you mean by 


                                                               3280

 1    "correlated."  But maybe I can help.  

 2                 Wouldn't this legal defense fund be 

 3    available to any state elected official or 

 4    employee that is being investigated for, for 

 5    instance, any crime, even when that crime was 

 6    committed outside their official 

 7    responsibilities?

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   (Conferring.)  

 9    Through you, Madam President.  This money would 

10    only become available to you to pay your legal 

11    fees if in fact you were convicted of a crime, 

12    criminal or civil.  

13                 Is that correct, gentlemen?  

14                 Excuse me.  If you are convicted you 

15    are not entitled to these funds.

16                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

17    yield? 

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

20    sponsor yield?  The sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Senator Krueger, 

22    would you be able to point out where in the 

23    legislation it says that?  

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   One moment.  We 

25    don't have a printed version, so we're working 


                                                               3281

 1    off a laptop.

 2                 (Pause.)

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you, 

 4    Senator Martins.  He has a print copy.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 6    you, Senator.

 7                 (Pause.)

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Okay.  So toward 

 9    the end of the section which in my printout now 

10    is on page 833, starting with sort of line 1, 

11    going down.  

12                 (Reading.)  That the Attorney 

13    General, or a determination by the Governor that 

14    the Attorney General's determination was 

15    reasonable, that if the subject matter of the 

16    process relates to the employee's state 

17    employment or duties, the employee has acted 

18    outside the scope of their state employment 

19    and/or used their state employment to violate any 

20    applicable law, regulation or valid executive 

21    order, and if the subject matter of the process 

22    is unrelated to the employee's state employment 

23    or duties, but is reasonably likely to have been 

24    commenced in response to the employee's state 

25    employment or exercise of their duties, the 


                                                               3282

 1    employee has violated any applicable law, 

 2    regulation or valid executive order, the employee 

 3    has failed to cooperate with the state in 

 4    connection -- this is a list of reasons why they 

 5    would not be eligible for the reimbursement or 

 6    legal costs.  So it goes down to line 35.

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

 8    yield?  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

10    sponsor yield? 

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Sure.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  So Senator Krueger, I 

16    understand that you might be interpreting that 

17    provision or those lines in this legislation to 

18    mean that if -- if the employee or the elected 

19    official is found guilty, that that would provide 

20    the opportunity to perhaps the Governor or the 

21    Comptroller -- or even the Attorney General, by 

22    the way, because it's sort of convoluted -- to 

23    determine that we're going to, I suppose 

24    ab initio, find that it was not a valid 

25    disbursement.  


                                                               3283

 1                 It doesn't -- I don't see anything 

 2    here that says that is -- that must happen.  It 

 3    seems to suggest to me that the Governor may 

 4    decide after the fact that if you're found 

 5    guilty, well, I'm going to sort of stop this from 

 6    happening.  But the Governor doesn't have to stop 

 7    this from happening.  That's at least my read of 

 8    this legislation.

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   So I'm not going 

10    to challenge your legal interpretations because 

11    as you well know, I'm not an attorney.  But when 

12    you read the final sentence, which I didn't read:  

13    "In the event of any such determination" -- by 

14    the AG or the Governor in that long list -- 

15    "neither the employee nor the employee's private 

16    counsel shall be eligible for payment of 

17    reasonable attorney's fees and expenses to this 

18    appropriation."  

19                 So yes, as I read this -- I really 

20    have to go to law school one of days, don't you 

21    think? -- either the AG or the Governor would 

22    have the ability to make that determination and 

23    evaluation based on this law.  

24                 But if they find that you didn't 

25    meet these standards, then the state is not 


                                                               3284

 1    paying.

 2                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

 3    yield?

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President.  Senator Krueger, you are as 

 9    good an attorney as I've ever met.

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   You don't get 

11    around enough, Senator.  

12                 (Laughter.)

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   So I'm going to 

14    move on from this point because I think it's 

15    clear -- I think even in your answer you've 

16    acknowledged that it is possible that -- for a 

17    number of reasons, by the way, and we're going to 

18    get to that, because I sort of jumped the gun 

19    here with respect to how you even begin to be 

20    qualified for these funds.  

21                 But just -- so there are a number of 

22    provisions here that talk about who it is that 

23    gets the money, who it is that approves the 

24    money, and who it is that then makes a final 

25    determination.  But none of them, none of them 


                                                               3285

 1    say there's nothing in here that says that at 

 2    each step of the way, even upon conviction, that 

 3    you can still receive, keep and have properly 

 4    disbursed the funds.

 5                 So for instance, let me get back to 

 6    the beginning and talk about what the legislation 

 7    says about who it is that would qualify.

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Are you on the 

 9    bill for now?

10                 SENATOR LANZA:   I suppose I was for 

11    a minute, but now I have a question.

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Okay, fine.  

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   I apologize.  

14                 Through you, Madam President.

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

16                 SENATOR LANZA:   So in order to 

17    qualify for this $10 million, it says that it 

18    must be determined that the prosecution or the 

19    investigation or the subpoena being brought 

20    against you was motivated or that it is 

21    reasonably likely that it was motivated because 

22    of your work in your official capacity or 

23    because, for instance, of your political 

24    position.  Is that true?

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.


                                                               3286

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

 2    yield.

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    Senator yields.

 6                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, I've always found that 

 9    reasonableness is determined or is in the eye of 

10    the beholder.  In this instance, in this 

11    legislation, which eye or eyes will make that 

12    determination?  

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   The Attorney 

14    General, unless the employee is a part of the 

15    Attorney General's office, and then it would be 

16    the Executive.

17                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

18    yield.

19                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would you agree 

23    with me, Senator Krueger, that the 

24    Attorney General, whomever that might be, should 

25    not have the sole authority or should not have 


                                                               3287

 1    the authority only together with the Governor, 

 2    given the fact that either one of them may be the 

 3    subject of a prosecution who -- either of whom 

 4    may then want to have this money?  

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   This wouldn't 

 6    apply for the Attorney General or the Executive 

 7    to approve money for themselves.  

 8                 And under current Public Officers 

 9    Law, the state finds itself making that 

10    determination and approving money or not 

11    approving money in these -- or variations on 

12    these situations all the time.  So I'm not 

13    exactly sure how this is so different.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

15    yield?

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    Senator yields.

19                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

20    Madam President.  Well, I would suggest that the 

21    difference is that we are using taxpayer dollars 

22    to pay for private attorneys for an elected 

23    official to defend themselves against charges of 

24    crimes that they may have committed having 

25    nothing to do with their authority or their 


                                                               3288

 1    position.  

 2                 And I suppose my question therefore, 

 3    then, is let's just hypothetically, because it's 

 4    the Governor and the Attorney General, it seems, 

 5    that would make the initial determination as to 

 6    whether or not you pass the first test to receive 

 7    these funds, which is that it was reasonably 

 8    likely to be politically motivated.  

 9                 Isn't it true that there could be a 

10    scenario where either the Governor or the 

11    Attorney General were charged with crimes and 

12    they would then be the person to determine 

13    whether or not they qualify for this money?

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

15    Mr. -- excuse me -- Madam President.  I think, 

16    based on what I already answered, if the 

17    Attorney General was the person being accused of 

18    this crime, they would not be the ones making the 

19    determination, it would be the Executive.  

20                 And if the Executive was being 

21    accused of this crime, they would not be making 

22    the determination, it would be the 

23    Attorney General.

24                 So I don't think there's an actual 

25    problem there.


                                                               3289

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

 2    yield?  

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR LANZA:   So -- through you, 

 7    Madam President -- this would allow you to -- an 

 8    elected official, for instance, to receive up to 

 9    $10 million to pay for their private attorney to 

10    defend themselves against investigations by 

11    federal agencies.  

12                 So would that include an 

13    investigation by the Federal Bureau of 

14    Investigation?

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

16                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

17    yield?

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would it allow an 

22    elected official to use this -- taxpayer dollars 

23    to pay for an attorney to defend themselves 

24    against an action by the United States Attorney 

25    General?


                                                               3290

 1                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, if there was 

 2    reason to believe that the investigation was 

 3    related to their service as an elected official.

 4                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

 5    yield?  

 6                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   the 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

10    Madam President.  Would this allow an elected 

11    official to use taxpayer dollars to pay for a 

12    private attorney to defend against investigations 

13    by -- and I'll just at this point list agencies 

14    like the Department of Treasury, the Securities 

15    and Exchange Commission, Immigration and Customs 

16    Enforcement, the Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms -- 

17    all those agencies?

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   That would be the 

19    same standards and rules in all of those 

20    situations, yes, Madam President.  

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

22    yield?

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    sponsor yields.  


                                                               3291

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President.  And what about the crimes that 

 3    would be covered?  For instance, would a charge 

 4    of bribery against an elected official allow them 

 5    to use this money to pay for private attorneys to 

 6    defend against those charges?

 7                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   So bribery is not 

 8    a recognized allowable activity by an elected 

 9    official.  Therefore, this would not apply 

10    because it wouldn't have been their official 

11    duties to be taking bribes.

12                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

13    yield?

14                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    Senator yields.

17                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

18    Madam President.  I know we had a brief exchange 

19    over that.  But I think it's clear that that 

20    determination is made down the road with respect 

21    to the process.  

22                 And so the very purpose, it seems, 

23    as stated in this legislation is that this money 

24    is available to elected officials so in fact they 

25    can defend against allegations of crimes or other 


                                                               3292

 1    infractions that do fall outside their official 

 2    capacity.

 3                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.  The accusation can be false.  

 5    So it's not the question of did your behavior 

 6    fall outside the scope of your professional 

 7    duties.  It's whether in fact you can show that 

 8    this was a false accusation and you did not 

 9    commit bribery or another crime.

10                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

11    yield?

12                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    sponsor yields.  

15                 SENATOR LANZA:   But before that 

16    happens, Senator Krueger, isn't it true that if 

17    you were to be accused by a federal law 

18    enforcement agency of, for example, bribery, that 

19    if the other provisions of legislation were 

20    met -- for instance, the Attorney General or the 

21    Governor decided that it was politically 

22    motivated, you would then be able to avail 

23    yourself of the $10 million?

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

25    Madam President.  If I was found guilty of 


                                                               3293

 1    bribery after first being determined, oh, sounds 

 2    like she has a case here, and we should help with 

 3    money -- if I'm found guilty, I owe the money 

 4    back to the State of New York.

 5                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

 6    yield?  

 7                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR LANZA:   And I'm not even 

11    comfortable -- when I say "you," of course, 

12    Senator Krueger, I do not mean you --

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   (Inaudible.)

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Yeah, I don't even 

15    feel comfortable.  "You" is obviously for people 

16    outside this chamber.

17                 Through you, Madam President.  As we 

18    discussed, though, that's a maybe, not a 

19    definite.  That will be determined -- whether or 

20    not you're found guilty or not, that is going to 

21    be determined by the folks mentioned in this 

22    legislation, the Governor or the Attorney 

23    General.

24                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

25    Madam President.  It would be the state, through 


                                                               3294

 1    either the Attorney General or the Executive, 

 2    making an initial determination that their 

 3    reading of the charges in the case lead them to 

 4    believe it is an appropriate use of state money 

 5    to assist.

 6                 If, despite that, I'm actually -- 

 7    I'll make it me again -- I am found guilty in 

 8    court, then the original conclusion that I should 

 9    be helped financially would be reversed into us 

10    having to give the money back.  

11                 SENATOR LANZA:   Will the sponsor 

12    yield?

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   So I don't know 

14    how anyone in our government could actually know 

15    that answer before the case was determined --

16                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the --

17                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   -- in a court.

18                 SENATOR LANZA:   I'm sorry, 

19    Senator Krueger.

20                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, sorry.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

22    sponsor yield? 

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, of course.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               3295

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   So through you, 

 2    Madam President.  Senator Krueger, you know, as 

 3    I've suggested, you know, reasonableness and all 

 4    the triggers, all the things you need to satisfy 

 5    in this legislation are up for interpretation and 

 6    are a matter of opinion.  

 7                 So, for instance, very famously the 

 8    President of the United States was prosecuted by 

 9    state officials and state law enforcement in the 

10    State of New York.  Some people believe that that 

11    was politically motivated.  Others don't.

12                 And so it is true, isn't it, that an 

13    elected official can be charged with, let's say, 

14    insider stock trading by federal law enforcement.  

15    The Governor or the Attorney General can, because 

16    it is completely within their jurisdiction, 

17    decide that that prosecution is being brought for 

18    political reasons or because it is politically 

19    motivated.  They would then get up to $10 million 

20    to hire an attorney.  There would ultimately be a 

21    prosecution.  That elected official can be found 

22    guilty and still, under this legislation, the 

23    Governor or the Attorney General can say, because 

24    no one else gets to make this decision, can say, 

25    Okay, whoever you paid that $10 million, they can 


                                                               3296

 1    keep it.

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President.  While I don't know that I have 

 4    the details of the specific example that my 

 5    colleague used in this scenario, listening, as I 

 6    understand it, this money is a supplement to 

 7    existing law in New York for public officers, so 

 8    that this is to assist with representation during 

 9    an investigation.  

10                 If it actually goes into a court 

11    case where you need, obviously, legal 

12    representation, that's already covered under 

13    existing law for public officers.  So this is a 

14    supplement to be able to ensure someone who may 

15    be investigated for political reasons by some 

16    agency of the federal government, who we I think 

17    all agree has basically endlessly deep pockets to 

18    do this kind of work, that they are not left out 

19    there high and dry without the ability to have 

20    legal representation.

21                 If it continues on into a court 

22    case, the Public Officers Law kicks in for 

23    assistance with representation.  If they lose the 

24    case and are found guilty of the charge, they 

25    would owe that money back to the state.  


                                                               3297

 1                 I'm not sure there's anything 

 2    particularly inconsistent with this law in 

 3    holding it up next to the existing 

 4    Public Officers Law.  I think perhaps what is new 

 5    is the concern that the current federal 

 6    government seems to disproportionately like to go 

 7    on hunting exhibitions -- so, it's not an 

 8    exhibition, it's a -- expedition, thank you -- a 

 9    hunting expedition for anyone that they don't 

10    seem to like politically.

11                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

12    yield?

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

19    Madam President.  I think that the very clear 

20    distinction, though, is the present system allows 

21    for the defense to be covered when the actions 

22    that -- the actions being investigated are those 

23    that fall within the exercise of your office.  

24    And this clearly says where it is unrelated but 

25    is reasonably likely.


                                                               3298

 1                 I have a few more questions.

 2                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President, I believe that my colleague is 

 4    correct.  This broadens the situations where 

 5    assistance could be provided beyond what current 

 6    Public Officers Law covers.

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

 8    yield?

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

10    sponsor --

11                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    Senator yields.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  Can you hire any attorney with 

16    this $10 million?  Your friend, a relative, a 

17    Senator?

18                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   There is language 

19    that the fees would have to be reasonable.  So I 

20    suppose if your friend or relative is a qualified 

21    lawyer and has reasonable fees, this doesn't 

22    prevent you from paying them.  Right?

23                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

24    yield?  

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.


                                                               3299

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.  

 3                 SENATOR LANZA:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.  So it says clearly in the 

 5    legislation in order to qualify for this, you 

 6    need to be this person.  And it reminds me of an 

 7    old show I used to like, "Name That Tune."  As I 

 8    read this, if you can name the song, stop me.

 9                 It's a person who has previously 

10    initiated or otherwise participated in or 

11    supported a criminal or civil investigation or 

12    prosecution of the United States government or a 

13    United States government official -- come on, you 

14    know the song -- where the employee is currently 

15    or was previously involved in an investigation by 

16    the United States -- I'll stop this.  

17                 This sounds very specific and 

18    vaguely, if not very, familiar.  Was this 

19    language -- was this legislation created for a 

20    certain elected official?  

21                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

22    Madam President.  I sincerely did not write this 

23    document.  It was submitted by the Executive.  

24    And I don't want to make assumptions about who 

25    anybody had in mind in this situation.  So I 


                                                               3300

 1    don't know how to answer that question.

 2                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

 3    yield?

 4                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR LANZA:   Senator Krueger, it 

 8    says that this covers actions or prosecutions 

 9    that occurred after January 1, 2025.  Do we know 

10    why that is so, and why it does not cover the 

11    period of time during which President Trump was 

12    not the president?

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   There is a reason 

14    or a belief that state officials would be 

15    targeted by the President of the United States, 

16    who consistently declares in public that he's 

17    going to get his revenge on anyone who hasn't 

18    supported him.

19                 So I think the world did change on 

20    January 20th, 2025, Madam President.

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Would the sponsor 

22    yield?

23                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               3301

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   I'll take that as 

 2    a -- as a -- as an acknowledgement that it did 

 3    have something to do with that.

 4                 Senator Krueger, taxpayers or 

 5    New Yorkers have more of their hard-earned money 

 6    taken out of their pockets by government than any 

 7    other taxpayers in America.  Do you believe that 

 8    New Yorkers believe that a good use of their 

 9    hard-earned dollars is to pay for criminal 

10    defense for elected officials to be given to 

11    private attorneys to pay for the defense of 

12    elected officials who are being charged with 

13    crimes having nothing to do with their office?  

14    Do you think New Yorkers think that is a good use 

15    of their money?

16                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

17    Madam President.  Again, if the official is found 

18    guilty of the crime, the taxpayers dollars 

19    weren't being used because we will require the 

20    money back.  

21                 And I think most taxpayers in 

22    New York State actually believe that their 

23    elected officials should feel that they are free 

24    from risk of retaliation and threat when they try 

25    to do their jobs representing their constituents, 


                                                               3302

 1    the 19.5 million New Yorkers, our Constitution, 

 2    our laws.  

 3                 And so I think most New Yorkers, if 

 4    you divide 19.5 million across the 10 million -- 

 5    what is it, 50 cents per New Yorker?  I think 

 6    most of them would say 50 cents to try to make 

 7    sure that our elected officials are not wrongly 

 8    accused and threatened by the federal government 

 9    based on a trying to do their work on our behalf.  

10                 I don't know.  We could ask them.  

11    I'd spend the 50 cents.

12                 SENATOR LANZA:   On the bill, 

13    Madam President.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

15    Lanza on the bill.

16                 SENATOR LANZA:   As always, thank 

17    you so much, Senator Krueger.  We're going to 

18    have to disagree on that last point.  I can't 

19    imagine a majority of New Yorkers not being 

20    outraged that their hard-earned dollars that go 

21    to the government are now being used or can be 

22    used to pay for private attorneys to defend 

23    public officials against charges of crimes that 

24    they committed having nothing to do with their 

25    elected position.  


                                                               3303

 1                 In fact, I would venture to say that 

 2    I am certain that the overwhelming number of 

 3    New Yorkers are disgusted by this.  If you're an 

 4    ordinary citizen in New York and you're charged 

 5    with a crime, where's your $10 million to pay 

 6    your buddy who happens to be an attorney?

 7                 Listen, I know we live, 

 8    Madam President, in strange times.  But this 

 9    really is -- and I'm not suggesting on behalf of 

10    my good friend Senator Krueger, but this 

11    certainly is the height of hypocrisy, having come 

12    from a place where we all know, because it's 

13    written right there -- we all know the song.  

14    It's almost autobiographical.  It's almost an 

15    autobiography.  And it's why people are just sick 

16    and tired of what government is doing to them.  

17                 Everyone saw what happened a few 

18    years ago.  There is no one -- I don't care what 

19    people say, neither Democrats or Republicans in 

20    New York who doesn't know that certain 

21    prosecutions about certain people now in the 

22    White House were politically motivated.  Everyone 

23    understands that.  And now the source of those 

24    politically motivated prosecutions all of a 

25    sudden wants to throw up a flag and say, Hey, 


                                                               3304

 1    wait a minute, somebody wants to prosecute me, I 

 2    want taxpayers to pay for it.  

 3                 So I'm going to vote in the 

 4    negative.  This is just -- I bet most of my 

 5    colleagues even across the aisle don't think this 

 6    is a good idea.  I know New Yorkers know it's 

 7    not.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 9    you, Senator.

10                 Senator Walczyk.  

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

12    Madam President.  Would the sponsor yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   It's on the 

16    indemnification section.

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

18    can we pause just one second while we get the 

19    appropriate staffing for the next round of 

20    questioning.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   It's the same 

22    section.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I understand, 

24    Senator Walczyk.  One moment, please.

25                 (Pause.)


                                                               3305

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Senator Walczyk, 

 2    I'll do my best to answer your questions.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you.

 6                 So New York State's Constitution was 

 7    amended in 1797 at the Constitutional Convention 

 8    to require legislation age for three days before 

 9    it's voted on, allowing elected members of the 

10    Senate, the Assembly, the media, the public, time 

11    to review the policy. 

12                 Has this bill aged for the 

13    three days that's required in the state's 

14    Constitution?

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   No, it hasn't.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

17    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

18    yield.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So the bill that 

25    we're talking about right now is a budget bill 


                                                               3306

 1    for state operations -- funds things like the 

 2    Office of Children and Family Services, Council 

 3    on the Arts, Green Thumb program.  These programs 

 4    and offices were originally funded by a 

 5    recommendation from the Governor when she 

 6    proposed her budget 108 days ago on January 21st.  

 7                 Did the Governor propose changes to 

 8    Sections 17 and 19 of the Public Officers Law 

 9    when she proposed her budget then?

10                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   If you're asking 

11    if it was in her Executive Budget proposal, no, 

12    it was not.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

14    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

15    yield.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.  

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   The Senate and 

22    the Assembly held 14 budget hearings in response 

23    to talk about the Governor's budget proposal and 

24    our own ideas, as a representative democracy, for 

25    what changes there might be.  Were changes 


                                                               3307

 1    suggested at any of those budget hearings, 

 2    changes to Section 17 and 19 of the Public 

 3    Officers Law?  

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I did not attend 

 5    all of them.  But I take it, if you're asking, 

 6    you know the answer is no.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 9    yield.  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:  Does the 

11    sponsor yield?

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   The answer is no.  

16                 The Governor also proposed 

17    amendments to the budget; we call those the 

18    30-day amendments.  Did she offer any changes to 

19    Sections 17 or 19 of the Public Officers Law when 

20    she issued her 30-day budget amendments?  

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   No, she did not.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

23    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 


                                                               3308

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Then following 

 6    our process, the Senate brought forward a 

 7    one-house budget resolution including changes 

 8    that this house and the Majority saw fit.  Did 

 9    the one-house budget resolution offer any changes 

10    to Sections 17 and 19 of the Public Officers Law?  

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Certainly not.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

13    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

14    yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Now we're talking 

21    about a $10 million allocation for attorney's 

22    fees and changes to the Public Officers Law.  The 

23    last speaker said this was submitted by the 

24    Executive.  Who wrote the language that's before 

25    us today that amends Sections 17 and 19 of the 


                                                               3309

 1    Public Officers Law?  

 2                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   How would I know 

 3    that, Senator Walczyk?  You asked me which staff 

 4    member in the Executive put the words on the 

 5    paper?  I don't know.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 7    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 8    yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Without naming 

15    any specific staff member, do we know if it came 

16    out of any agency in the state?  The Governor 

17    obviously runs the executive branch.  A number of 

18    agencies fall underneath.  Would it be from any 

19    of her agencies?

20                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Well, I 

21    understand that Senator Walczyk is not as 

22    familiar with what happens in the three-way 

23    budget conversations because he's sitting in the 

24    Minority.  But it doesn't -- we don't deal 

25    directly with agencies.  The Executive would 


                                                               3310

 1    present at the table language that the Executive 

 2    supports, even if it's suggested by one of the 

 3    agencies.  

 4                 So I don't know which agency may or 

 5    may not have presented this to the Executive.  

 6    What I do know is it was proposed by the 

 7    Governor.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

10    yield.

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

13    sponsor yield?  The sponsor yields.  

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   By my own 

15    admission, I'm not in the room where it happens, 

16    but I am curious to know at those backroom 

17    meetings if the Executive brought this language 

18    to the table saying, This was offered up by X 

19    department.  Can you say any area of the 

20    executive branch that this language was brought 

21    forward from?

22                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I don't know 

23    that the rooms were in the back, by the way.  It 

24    could be a front-room meeting, a middle-room 

25    meeting.  You know, I don't know why you'd 


                                                               3311

 1    characterize it as a backroom.  

 2                 But I don't know the answer to your 

 3    question.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 5    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   When did you 

13    first learn of this language or first see it?  

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   It's a good 

15    question, because the days have blended into one 

16    another.  So some -- what's today, Thursday?  

17    Sometime within the last week or so?  

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

19    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

20    yield.

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?  The sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And when did 

25    the -- I talked a little bit earlier about the 


                                                               3312

 1    three days necessary to age a bill by normal 

 2    legislative process.  

 3                 When did we receive a message of 

 4    necessity for the bill that's before us now?

 5                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Moments ago.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 8    yield.

 9                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   If you recall, 

10    Senator Walczyk, we stood at ease while we were 

11    awaiting the arrival of the message.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

13    sponsor yield? 

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Are you familiar 

18    with Section 8 of Article VII of the New York 

19    State Constitution?

20                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Maybe.

21                 (Laughter.)

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

23    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.


                                                               3313

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Let me see if I 

 4    could jar your memory.  Section 8 of Article VII 

 5    reads "The money of the state shall not be given 

 6    or loaned to or in aid of any private corporation  

 7    or association or private undertaking, nor shall 

 8    the credit of the state be given or loaned to or 

 9    in aid of any of individual or public or private 

10    corporation or association or private 

11    undertaking."

12                 Does this appropriation in this 

13    budget bill violate that provision of the 

14    Constitution?  

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   No.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

17    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

18    yield.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

20    sponsor yield? 

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:  The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Are you familiar 

25    with Section 74 of the Public Officers Law?  


                                                               3314

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   That one I am 

 2    more familiar with, yes.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 4    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 5    yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Good.  So 

12    Section 74 of the Public Officers Law states that 

13    no officer or employee or state agency, member of 

14    the Legislature or legislative employee, should 

15    use or attempt to use his or her official 

16    position to secure unwarranted privileges or 

17    exemptions for himself or herself or others, 

18    including but not limited to the misappropriation 

19    to himself, herself or others of the property, 

20    services or other resources of the state for 

21    private businesses or other compensated 

22    nongovernmental purposes.

23                 This bill appropriates $10 million 

24    for private attorney fees.  Could this 

25    $10 million be considered a misappropriation of 


                                                               3315

 1    funds?

 2                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   No.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 5    yield.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.  

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So Sections 17 

12    and 19 of the Public Officers Law define an 

13    employee and include former employees.  Could 

14    someone who is removed from office, impeached, 

15    fired or unelected access these $10 million for 

16    attorney's fees?  

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I don't know.

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

19    Madam President.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Are you 

21    asking the sponsor to yield?

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Would the sponsor 

23    yield.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               3316

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.  

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I'm sorry?  Yeah, 

 5    I didn't catch your last -- 

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes, I yield.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   No, I didn't 

 8    catch your last response.

 9                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Oh.  I said I 

10    don't know.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

12    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

13    yield.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So the Attorney 

20    General normally represents employees of the 

21    State of New York when they're in their normal 

22    course of business, official business on the 

23    state clock.  

24                 Sometimes the Attorney General 

25    actually defers, and so Sections 17 and 19 of the 


                                                               3317

 1    Public Officers Law allow the Attorney General 

 2    not to represent everyone in some cases, 

 3    especially where there's conflict of interest or 

 4    the Attorney General doesn't see fit.  They then 

 5    can access private attorney fees.  

 6                 And there's a -- you know, a 

 7    longstanding statute here that outlines what 

 8    would be eligible and which employees are 

 9    eligible for that.

10                 The Public Officers Law 

11    indemnification to protect employees of the state 

12    while they're on the clock, what does this change 

13    actually do to the statute?

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I think you're 

15    asking what the change is from current law that 

16    this would enact.  We're not technically amending 

17    the law, because it's in an appropriation bill.

18                 But to answer your question, what I 

19    think you're getting at, it adds, in addition to 

20    officials who are being sued or facing actual 

21    criminal action, it adds the investigations that 

22    might be associated with potential action.

23                 So if someone receives a subpoena or 

24    is subject to investigation, they would receive 

25    the same ability to access attorneys as people 


                                                               3318

 1    who are being actually party to a proceeding.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 3    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 4    yield.

 5                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?  The sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And just for 

 9    clarification, that would be for time that 

10    employees are not on the clock, not doing 

11    official business, nothing related to their state 

12    employment.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I mean, that's 

14    an interesting question.  And I have delved into 

15    this a fair amount because of another former 

16    official who is currently accessing significant 

17    public funds for his defense.

18                 And from what I gather, the court 

19    interpretations of the existing law say that the 

20    line is not so clear.  It's not like when you're 

21    an official you work 9:00 to 5:00 and if you do 

22    something at 5:30, you're all of a sudden not on 

23    the clock, as you call it.  

24                 And so many -- because sometimes 

25    allegations against an official, particularly if 


                                                               3319

 1    they are part of a political retaliation, may 

 2    take the form of something that would be, on its 

 3    face, personal in nature.  If in fact the action 

 4    is being taken against that official because of 

 5    what they have done in their official capacity, 

 6    that is deemed covered currently.  That's not 

 7    anything we're changing here.  But that's the way 

 8    courts have interpreted the existing protections.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, new Madam President, will the 

11    sponsor continue to yield?

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

13    continue to yield?

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes, the 

16    Senator yields.   

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Can political 

18    campaign funds be used for attorney fees for 

19    activity unrelated to holding political office?  

20                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   For attorneys, 

21    you said?  I'm just trying to --

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Yeah, can 

23    political campaign funds be used for attorney 

24    fees.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.


                                                               3320

 1                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   For activity 

 2    unrelated to holding the office.

 3                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Well, again, 

 4    it's kind of the same answer I just gave you.  

 5    Which is that definition is -- the answer to that 

 6    question of what constitutes your official 

 7    capacity is vague and has been defined very 

 8    liberally by the courts.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

10    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

11    yield.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

13    continue to yield?  

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

16    Senator yields.  

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   But this 

18    Legislature did recently prohibit public 

19    officials from using campaign money to pay for 

20    legal fees on sexual harassment litigation.  Now 

21    we're going to pass a bill that uses taxpayer 

22    money for legal fees for investigations of 

23    actions unrelated?

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I don't think we 

25    did that.  Much as I might think we should, I 


                                                               3321

 1    don't think we did that.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 4    yield.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 6    continue to yield?  

 7                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 9    Senator yields.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Why is this law 

11    needed?  

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Senator Walczyk, 

13    this law is needed because we are currently in an 

14    environment politically where the legal system, 

15    the prosecutorial system, investigative bodies of 

16    government are being used to target political 

17    enemies.  

18                 And -- I know you're eager to jump 

19    in.  Let me finish.  And I think that when 

20    someone is subject to investigations for that 

21    reason because of things they have done 

22    officially that are now the subject of 

23    retaliation, that we believe that should be 

24    covered.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 


                                                               3322

 1    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 2    yield.  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 4    continue to yield?  

 5                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    Senator yields.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Why would this 

 9    only apply to charges if we're looking to protect 

10    public employees even in their private lives by 

11    giving them taxpayer funded attorney fees?  Why 

12    would this only apply to charges that are brought 

13    after January 1, 2025?

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I'm sorry, I 

15    missed the end of your question.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   What's the 

17    significance of the date January 1, 2025? 

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I don't know.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

21    yield.  

22                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Line 49 of 


                                                               3323

 1    page 830 has a term that I'm hoping you can shed 

 2    some light on.  What is "reasonably likely" 

 3    defined as there?

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   "Reasonably 

 5    likely" is a legal term that has generally been 

 6    held to have certain meaning that if a reasonable 

 7    person would find it likely that that is the 

 8    reason something would have commenced.  

 9    Ultimately courts decide whether decisions made 

10    on that basis are proper or not.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

12    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

13    yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

15    continue to yield?

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    sponsor yields.  

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   In the context of 

20    this legislation that's being proposed, could 

21    "reasonably likely" be because they've launched 

22    political or personal attacks against someone at 

23    the federal government in the past?  

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Let me take a 

25    look at the language here.


                                                               3324

 1                 I don't believe simply lobbing 

 2    attacks would count, because it requires it to be 

 3    in response to the employee's state employment or 

 4    exercise of their duties.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 7    yield.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   What about 

12    somebody's party registration?  Would "reasonably 

13    likely" be just because they have a different 

14    party registration?  I know the former sponsor of 

15    this bill, when answering questions, you know, 

16    mentioned those types of things.

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   In other words, 

18    if someone was being targeted because of their 

19    party?  

20                 I don't believe so.  Because, again, 

21    it requires it to be in response to the 

22    employee's state employment or exercise of their 

23    duties.  I don't think simply being registered in 

24    a party.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 


                                                               3325

 1    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 2    yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 4    continue to yield?

 5                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes, I'll yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Who ultimately 

 9    determines what "reasonably likely" is in this 

10    new statute?

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   That would be 

12    the Attorney General.  Unless it's the 

13    Attorney General who is availing herself of the 

14    protections of this, and then it would be the 

15    Governor.  

16                 And again, if it's -- if there's a 

17    question about whether that decision is made 

18    improperly, ultimately it would be the courts 

19    that would decide if the decision was correct.  

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

21    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

22    yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

24    continue to yield?  

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.


                                                               3326

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 2    Senator yields.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So if an employee 

 4    commits a crime that is outside of their job or 

 5    position and they're prosecuted by a U.S. 

 6    attorney and convicted of that crime, they would 

 7    be still entitled to $10 million in attorney fees 

 8    unless the Governor or the AG say that they're 

 9    not?  Am I reading that correctly?

10                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   My understanding 

11    is if they are convicted or found to have 

12    committed wrongdoing, then the money would have 

13    to be returned.

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

15    Madam President, if the sponsor would continue to 

16    yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

18    continue to yield?

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    Senator yields.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I didn't catch 

23    that last part.

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I said my 

25    understanding is that the money would have to be 


                                                               3327

 1    returned if ultimately they are found to have 

 2    committed -- engaged in wrongdoing or convicted 

 3    of a crime.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 8    continue to yield? 

 9                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So I'm reading 

13    about reimbursement for reasonable attorney fees 

14    and expenses paid pursuant to this appropriation.  

15    There's a 90-day determination by the Attorney 

16    General's office.  And in the case of an employee 

17    of the Attorney General, that determination would 

18    be made by the Governor at the -- if the -- by 

19    the Governor that the Attorney General's 

20    determination was reasonable that, and then it 

21    lists the reasons that the Governor or the 

22    Attorney General, as the case may be, may not 

23    reimburse those attorney fees.  

24                 But a conviction, by my read, 

25    doesn't preclude that whatsoever.


                                                               3328

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   What lines are 

 2    you referring to?  I just want to follow along.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Page 833.

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   If you give me a 

 5    second, I could give you an exact cite.  But I 

 6    think the language suggests that if a person is 

 7    found to have misused their office or otherwise 

 8    engaged in wrongdoing, that this language would 

 9    not apply.  

10                 And so obviously if someone's 

11    convicted of wrongdoing, that would indicate that 

12    that would be the case.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

14    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

15    yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

17    continue to yield?  

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Yeah, that's my 

22    read as well.  But this entire statute is really 

23    about accessing taxpayer dollars to the tune of 

24    $10 million outside of their office.  

25                 So if they had in fact done things 


                                                               3329

 1    within their office that would preclude them here 

 2    on page 833 that are lined out, then they 

 3    wouldn't get reimbursed the attorney's fees.  But 

 4    if they're indeed convicted of that crime that 

 5    they did as a private citizen not related to 

 6    their office, could they be reimbursed the 

 7    attorney's fees?  

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   No.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

11    yield.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

13    continue to yield?  

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Are all former 

18    employees of the state eligible for this fund?

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I believe they 

20    are, but staff is checking to confirm that.  

21                 We can continue and -- let's assume 

22    yes.  And if anything changes, I'll let you know.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

24    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

25    yield.  


                                                               3330

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 2    continue to yield? 

 3                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So that would be 

 7    all former employees of the State of New York for 

 8    actions not pertaining to their employment.  They 

 9    could be fired, unelected, no longer serving.  

10    And this would be for actions outside of their 

11    employment anyways, but as long as the charges 

12    weren't brought until January 1, 2025, or later, 

13    they'd be eligible for this $10 million fund?

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I'm trying to 

15    understand your question.  

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25


                                                               3331

 1                 You're saying if they engage in 

 2    activity outside the scope of their employment?  

 3    And that would be why they were investigated?

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Yes.

 5                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I think the 

 6    language here requires the activity to be 

 7    something they did in the scope of the employment 

 8    which is what -- or you're talking about the 

 9    action, the underlying action that's being 

10    investigated?  

11                 You understand what I'm saying?  

12    There's the action taken, which needs to be 

13    official in nature, that is the subject of 

14    retaliation.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I'll yield if I'm 

16    being asked a question.

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I'm just trying 

18    to understand your question, Senator Walczyk.  

19    Perhaps you could restate it; I'll get a better 

20    sense of it.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

22    Walczyk, do you want to restate your question?

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Sure, I can 

24    restate.  

25                 My understanding of the change here 


                                                               3332

 1    is that this totally addresses actions that are 

 2    outside of their role in employment.  They're 

 3    already protected by Sections 17 and 19 of the 

 4    Public Officers Law if they're an employee of the 

 5    State of New York or a former employee of the 

 6    State of New York for actions that they did on 

 7    the job.  The change here and the $10 million 

 8    taxpayer fund to the change here is for actions 

 9    outside of their employment.  

10                 So my question is about former 

11    employees and whether they will be eligible to 

12    tap into privately funded attorneys to the tune 

13    of $10 million from the taxpayers simply because 

14    they at one point worked for the State of 

15    New York.

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Two things about 

17    that.  Number one, the language covers 

18    investigations, not just charges being brought.  

19    Even if in the context of existing employees in 

20    the scope of their official duties.  So that's 

21    one change that we're making.  

22                 As it relates to the second part of 

23    your question, yes, I think former employees who 

24    are being investigated for something they are 

25    alleged to have done, if there's a finding by the 


                                                               3333

 1    Attorney General or the Governor that that action 

 2    is being taken in response to something they did 

 3    in their official capacity, then yes, this would 

 4    apply.  

 5                 And if it is subsequently found that 

 6    they engaged in wrongdoing, then that 

 7    reimbursement would not be valid.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 9    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

10    yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

12    continue to yield?  

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

15    sponsor yields.  

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   But this would be 

17    for alleged crimes that they did as private 

18    citizens, correct?  

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   If the 

20    investigation is because of -- or deems to be 

21    because of actions they took in their official 

22    capacity.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

24    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

25    yield?  


                                                               3334

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 2    continue to yield?

 3                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 5    Senator yields.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And is it true, 

 7    is my reading right here that the Governor or -- 

 8    the Attorney General first, but if the Attorney 

 9    General not, then the Governor -- would be the 

10    ones who get to decide which employees can be 

11    eligible or former employees can be eligible to 

12    tap into the $10 million for crimes that they 

13    allegedly committed outside of the office and not 

14    within their scope of work?  

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Well, yes.  But 

16    it's not like they would choose based on who 

17    their favorite former employees were.  It's their 

18    standards that would require a finding that it 

19    was -- that the action was being taken in 

20    retaliation for something they did in their 

21    official capacity.  

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

23    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 


                                                               3335

 1    continue to yield?

 2                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.  

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   That's why 

 6    "reasonably likely" is an important term to 

 7    define in the context of this legislation.  

 8                 But would you say that it is the 

 9    Attorney General or the Governor that gets to 

10    determine what "reasonably likely" means in the 

11    context of this and getting access to the 

12    $10 million for a private attorney?  

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes, you've 

14    asked that -- you've asked that question before.  

15    The answer is yes, subject to court oversight.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

17    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

18    yield.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

20    continue to yield?

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

23    Senator yields.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   What court 

25    oversight?  


                                                               3336

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I suppose if 

 2    somebody wanted to bring -- I don't know whether 

 3    it would be an Article 78 proceeding or what have 

 4    you to say that the decision was made in error, a 

 5    court would decide whether the Attorney General 

 6    or the Governor's determination was proper.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 9    yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

11    continue to yield?

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

14    Senator yields.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   But as far as 

16    accessing these attorney fees, where does the 

17    court insert itself into this process?  

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Well, let's say 

19    you are affronted and you somehow have 

20    standing -- that someone is accessing these funds 

21    and you have standing to go to court to 

22    challenge.  And you can run to court, seek an 

23    injunction against the funds being released, say 

24    this is an improper decision by the 

25    Attorney General or by the Governor, and then the 


                                                               3337

 1    court system would make a decision about whether 

 2    you were right or wrong.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 5    yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 7    continue to yield? 

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

10    Senator yields.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   The former 

12    speaker said that -- made a claim that this is 

13    only related to if a person -- if it's related to 

14    their position as an elected official.  

15                 But if you look at page 831, 

16    starting on line 5, there's a key word.  This 

17    says it may (reading) consider the totality of 

18    the circumstances, including but not limited to 

19    such factors as whether the employee has 

20    previously initiated or otherwise participated in 

21    or supported a criminal or civil investigation or 

22    prosecution of the United States government or a 

23    United States government official, whether the 

24    employee is currently or was previously involved 

25    in an investigation by the United States 


                                                               3338

 1    government or a United States government 

 2    official, whether the employee previously had -- 

 3    and it continues on.

 4                 I was left from -- with the 

 5    impression from the last section of debate that 

 6    that had to be considered, but my read says this 

 7    may be considered.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   What may be 

 9    considered?  Whether they were acting in the 

10    scope of their employment?  Is that --

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I could -- 

12    through you, Madam President.  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Would you 

14    like that clarified?  

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I would --

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes, thank you.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   -- not want to 

18    read that section again.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I see it.  But 

20    I'm trying to -- because just before the section 

21    you read, the section you didn't read says that 

22    the investigation must have been commenced 

23    because of or in response to the employee's state 

24    employment or exercise of their duties.  That's a 

25    pretty firm standard.  


                                                               3339

 1                 Then it goes on to say in making 

 2    that determination you can consider, among other 

 3    things, the items listed.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 5    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield?  

 7                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Actually, 

11    Madam President, I'll go on the bill.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

13    Walczyk on the bill.

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Nobody is above 

15    the law.  Public employees are entitled to legal 

16    protection; that's what 17 and 19, those sections 

17    of Public Officers Law, do.  Official acts, on 

18    the clock time -- it makes sense that we've had 

19    that protection for elected officials and for 

20    public employees of the State of New York.

21                 The normal course of business is 

22    that the Attorney General represents public 

23    employees.  If that's not the case, then private 

24    attorney fees can be afforded to make sure that 

25    people are represented and not bankrupt for 


                                                               3340

 1    something that they do in their official duty.

 2                 But there is a totally new precedent 

 3    being set here today, if this bill passes, saying 

 4    that outside of the course of their official 

 5    duties and outside of their governmental work, 

 6    we're setting aside $10 million to pay for 

 7    private attorneys for something that someone did 

 8    as a citizen that could be a former employee of 

 9    the State of New York, fired by the State of 

10    New York, unelected by the residents of the State 

11    of New York, impeached by the Senate, this 

12    chamber, in the State of New York, and they would 

13    still have access to $10 million of taxpayer 

14    money for private attorney fees as long as the 

15    Attorney General or the Governor says so, for 

16    crimes committed off the clock.

17                 It's not about public service or 

18    upholding the principles.  It's bad, and I'll be 

19    voting no.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

21    Senator Walczyk.

22                 Senator Martins, why do you rise? 

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

24    on the bill.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 


                                                               3341

 1    Martins on the bill.

 2                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

 3    I want to start by thanking Senator Krueger and 

 4    thanking Senator Gianaris for answering questions 

 5    that were posed to them on this issue.  I know 

 6    this is something that perhaps -- I'm going to 

 7    guess, Madam President, there's nobody in this 

 8    chamber that feels really comfortable about what 

 9    we're being asked to do here, if we were all to 

10    just look at each other and answer that question 

11    honestly.  

12                 I'm taken aback, and I can only 

13    imagine how it was received when it was brought 

14    back to the Majority Conference Room a little 

15    more than a week ago and presented for everyone 

16    to take a look at and say, Hey, you're going to 

17    have to include this as part of the budget.  

18                 But I will say this.  I know -- I 

19    know that it has been a real concern of this body 

20    and everyone in this body, including the 

21    Majority, that we not use campaign funds to pay 

22    for legal defense, that we not use public monies 

23    to reimburse criminal defense.  I think it was 

24    even alluded to just a few minutes ago by 

25    Senator Gianaris with regard to certain monies 


                                                               3342

 1    that have been requested and have been 

 2    reimbursed.  But those were after the fact.  

 3                 What we're being asked to do here is 

 4    actually write somebody a blank check for up to 

 5    $10 million.  And I would just ask everybody to 

 6    just sit back and consider that for a moment, 

 7    what that means.  If someone is in fact 

 8    investigated, that person's going to walk in and 

 9    say, I didn't do it.  I'm being investigated, I 

10    didn't do it.  Because if they do walk in and say 

11    I did it, we're not defending them.  So they're 

12    going to say, We didn't do it.

13                 Now, you know the investigators 

14    aren't going to come in and say -- and share 

15    their investigation, because that's not what they 

16    do.  We know that.  So if you're comfortable 

17    advancing $10 million of taxpayer money on 

18    something that to my knowledge this has never 

19    been done before in this state -- ever -- sure.  

20    If somebody is prosecuted, investigated for 

21    official acts as an employee or an officer of 

22    this state, we have an absolute responsibility to 

23    make sure that we protect them for official acts.  

24    If they were in the course of their duties, yes, 

25    I don't think you'd get a single person in this 


                                                               3343

 1    room that would say no.  

 2                 But for outside acts?  Frankly, 

 3    Madam President, that makes me very 

 4    uncomfortable.  And I am surprised that it 

 5    doesn't make every one of my colleagues in this 

 6    chamber very uncomfortable to be associated with 

 7    that and to say, Well, don't worry about it, 

 8    don't worry about it, we'll be able to get it 

 9    back.  We'll go back and get the $10 million from 

10    them if they're actually found guilty.  That's 

11    not how this works.  That's not how this works.

12                 The precedent we are creating by 

13    proposing this legislation demeans this state and 

14    this chamber and the efforts here.  And if it 

15    wasn't, you wouldn't have gotten it within the 

16    last week.  We wouldn't have had it presented to 

17    us this way.  And everyone in this room wouldn't 

18    be fidgeting right now with the responsibility of 

19    actually having to vote on something as absurd as 

20    what they've put before us right now.

21                 You know, there does come a time 

22    when we have to sit back and say, What is worth 

23    it?  What are we willing to do, what are we 

24    willing not to do.  Because if we are going to 

25    put taxpayer money and validate criminal action 


                                                               3344

 1    with no more than just, Hey, I think I'm being 

 2    personally persecuted -- well, I guess that's why 

 3    we take votes.  

 4                 But I'm very disappointed in how 

 5    this came about.  Very disappointed to hear that 

 6    it was the Governor who presented it within the 

 7    last week.  Hell, today is March 69th, so 

 8    sometime around March 60th it was proposed.  

 9                 If you don't believe that campaign 

10    funds should be used for criminal defense, if you 

11    don't believe that taxpayer funds should be used 

12    to pay for former government officials in their 

13    legal defense -- and you know who you are here in 

14    this chamber who have bills that have been 

15    proposed in print, have made public statements 

16    critical of those who have sought reimbursement 

17    who have gone into their campaign funds to 

18    reimburse themselves for legal expenses.  You 

19    know who you are, and so does everyone else, 

20    because you're on record as having done that.

21                 If you believe that that is wrong, 

22    there is no way, Madam President, that you can 

23    vote for something like this in good conscience.  

24    Be guided accordingly.  

25                 I'll be voting no.


                                                               3345

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

 2    Senator Martins.

 3                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

 4    to be heard?

 5                 Senator Helming, why do you rise?

 6                 SENATOR HELMING:   Thank you, 

 7    Madam President.  On the bill.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 9    Helming on the bill.

10                 SENATOR HELMING:   Thank you, 

11    Madam President.  

12                 Over the last couple of days as 

13    we've debated the budget bills, we've heard over 

14    and over again about how crucial proposals have 

15    been excluded from the budget.  Several of my 

16    colleagues have asked questions about adequate 

17    funding for our fire departments.  We've 

18    expressed our concerns about a lack of adequate 

19    funding for some of our schools.  We've talked 

20    about how we needed more funding for local roads, 

21    how we shortchanged direct care workers.  We 

22    failed to establish reasonable reimbursement 

23    rates for our community health centers.  We did 

24    not restore previous capital funding cuts for 

25    nursing homes.  


                                                               3346

 1                 And you know what?  Those concerns 

 2    weren't just coming from this side of the aisle.  

 3    Senators from both sides expressed concern and 

 4    frustration about this budget process and about 

 5    the priorities that are in this budget.  And now 

 6    here we are, and before us is a proposal that 

 7    includes $10 million of taxpayers' money to be 

 8    used by state employees and elected officials to 

 9    hire private attorneys for defense against crimes 

10    they may be accused of, not even related to their 

11    employment.  

12                 And I just want to put that into 

13    some perspective.  And I can do a lot more, but I 

14    want to get out of here too.  But let me put this 

15    into some perspective for everyone.  That is 

16    almost double the cost of the proposal to fund 

17    increased EMS services across our state and 

18    create a statewide comprehensive emergency 

19    medical system plan, which was intentionally 

20    omitted by the majorities in both houses and the 

21    Governor.

22                 Taxpayers should not be on the hook 

23    for the personal legal troubles of their elected 

24    officials, who are supposed to be public 

25    servants, especially at the expense of our 


                                                               3347

 1    crucial health and safety programs.  Budgets are 

 2    opposed to be about priorities.  This is a 

 3    completely unacceptable use of taxpayer funding, 

 4    and I don't think it reflects the priority of 

 5    anyone in my district, and I'm sure the majority 

 6    of New Yorkers would agree with that.

 7                 Madam President, I will be voting 

 8    no.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Are there 

10    any other Senators wishing to be heard?  

11                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

12    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

13                 There's a substitution at the desk.

14                 The Secretary will read.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Krueger 

16    moves to discharge, from the Committee on 

17    Finance, Assembly Bill Number 3000D and 

18    substitute it for the identical Senate Bill 

19    3000D, Third Reading Calendar 969.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    substitution is so ordered.

22                 The Secretary will read.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

24    969, Assembly Bill 3000D, Budget Bill, an act 

25    making appropriations for the support of 


                                                               3348

 1    government.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Read the 

 3    last section.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 5    act shall take effect immediately.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

 7    roll.

 8                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

10    Myrie to explain his vote.

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Thank you, 

12    Madam President.  

13                 I will be voting in the affirmative 

14    for this bill; a lot of important resources for 

15    our state to continue to function.  But I just 

16    want to voice my serious concerns with the 

17    appropriation language that has been discussed, 

18    for many of the reasons that have been discussed.

19                 Thank you.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

21    Myrie to be recorded in the affirmative.

22                 Senator Gounardes to explain his 

23    vote.

24                 SENATOR GOUNARDES:   Thank you, 

25    Madam President.  I'm supporting this bill.  


                                                               3349

 1                 I just want to correct something 

 2    that was said during the debate.  It was 

 3    referenced that the three-day waiting period was 

 4    created during 1797.  Actually, it was 1894.  

 5                 (Laughter.)

 6                 SENATOR GOUNARDES:   So I didn't 

 7    want this debate, which I know many people will 

 8    look back on, to have that error contained in it.  

 9                 So 1894 was when that provision was 

10    first included in our State Constitution.  

11                 I vote aye.

12                 (Scattered applause.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

14    Gounardes to be recorded in the affirmative.  

15                 Announce the results.  

16                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

17    Calendar 969, voting in the negative are 

18    Senators Ashby, Borrello, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, 

19    Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, Lanza, Martins, 

20    Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, 

21    Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk, 

22    Weber and Weik.

23                 Ayes, 40.  Nays, 22.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

25    is passed.


                                                               3350

 1                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

 2    reading of the controversial calendar.

 3                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   And that 

 4    completes the budget process for this fiscal 

 5    year.  

 6                 (Applause.)

 7                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   It's like golf 

 8    applause.

 9                 (Laughter.)

10                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   At this time 

11    please recognize Minority Leader Ortt for 

12    concluding remarks.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Minority 

14    Leader Ortt for concluding remarks.

15                 SENATOR ORTT:   Thank you, 

16    Madam President.  

17                 I've never felt done so early and 

18    yet done so late at the same time.  Right?  

19    Nine-thirty, great.  Forty days late, less great.  

20    But -- but it's done, and we can all be thankful 

21    for that part.  

22                 I want to thank all my colleagues, 

23    the Majority Leader.  I want to thank Deputy 

24    Minority Leader Mike Gianaris as well as my 

25    deputy, Senator Andrew Lanza.  They're out here 


                                                               3351

 1    all the time, long hours, and they work across 

 2    the aisle to try manage this and land this plane.  

 3    As we all know, it is not without difficulty.  

 4    And I appreciate the work they both do.  And I 

 5    certainly again want to thank my deputy, Senator 

 6    Lanza.

 7                 I want to thank our Finance ranker, 

 8    Senator Tom O'Mara, who sits through -- this was 

 9    a real long one.  They had to sit through all the 

10    hearings in February and then they, you know, 

11    deal with March, which is supposed to be sort of 

12    the bad month, but that kind of bled into April.  

13    That was a bad month, and now May is kind of a 

14    tough month.  

15                 But they do a lot of questions.  And 

16    of course his dance partner, Senator Liz Krueger, 

17    the chair of the Finance Committee, who does I 

18    think a very good job trying to answer all the 

19    questions we have to the best of her ability, no 

20    doubt, and even if we're not always satisfied or 

21    thrilled with the answers, I believe she does the 

22    absolute best job she can to provide the answers 

23    to the fullest extent that she knows.  

24                 So again, I want to thank the staff 

25    on all sides -- my staff, who gets the bills and 


                                                               3352

 1    has to dig through the bills.  I want to thank -- 

 2    I have to say I want to thank the other side.  

 3    They got -- we got the bills this year in really 

 4    a great way where we were able to go over them, 

 5    brief them, and we were able to sort of move this 

 6    along.  I thought that was really excellent 

 7    compared to maybe some years past.  I know 

 8    sometimes it's out of our control, but I 

 9    appreciate it.  

10                 I certainly want to thank the staff 

11    on the other side.  I know from four years in the 

12    Majority the staff does a lot of the work.  They 

13    are up all hours of the night, they're up on the 

14    weekends, and they get very little sleep.  And so 

15    to all the staff who have been involved in 

16    negotiations, in drafting up the bills, on the 

17    Majority and Minority side, thank you for what 

18    you do.

19                 And to my members I want to thank 

20    all of you for your participation, for your 

21    engagement, and for representing your 

22    constituents and doing the job that you were sent 

23    here to do.  There's a role of the Minority, and 

24    our role is to ask questions and highlight 

25    things, whether the Governor, anybody in the 


                                                               3353

 1    Majority or anybody at all wants those things 

 2    asked.  

 3                 And these are bills that are 

 4    produced.  I've been on both sides of the aisle, 

 5    Majority, Minority.  These are bills that are 

 6    very often put together sometimes last minute and 

 7    they don't go through the aging process and we do 

 8    the best job we can to try to dig through and 

 9    highlight them for not only our constituents, but 

10    for all the people here in the State of New York.

11                 I want to touch on -- obviously 

12    there was a lot of themes that the Governor laid 

13    out and I think everyone laid out when session 

14    started.  Affordability, right, that's a big 

15    topic.  It's certainly a good buzz word.  

16    Everybody uses it.  That's how you know it's 

17    good, because everybody uses it -- Democrats, 

18    Republicans, socialists, you know, whoever it is, 

19    they all use "affordability."  

20                 And yet when I look at this budget, 

21    it is hard for me to come to the conclusion that 

22    we have made things more affordable for 

23    New Yorkers.  I've said it a lot, and I'll say it 

24    again:  If spending more money made things more 

25    affordable, we would be one of the most, if not 


                                                               3354

 1    the most, affordable state in the country.  

 2                 Now, I do believe some of my 

 3    colleagues in the Majority really believe that 

 4    the more we spend, the more good we can do.  But 

 5    whether you believe that or not, most people in  

 6    New York, they don't believe that.  And you want 

 7    to know why?  Because they're leaving New York.  

 8    See, if they believed it, they'd stay here.  If 

 9    they believed that what was happening in the 

10    ever-increasing taxes and the spending was 

11    working, they would make their own investment in 

12    New York.  They'd invest in a new company, more 

13    jobs, a new house.  

14                 But they're not doing that.  And 

15    despite everything I've heard, all the data backs 

16    me up.  We are hemorrhaging people.  Those people 

17    pay taxes.  Those people foot the bill for the 

18    ever-increasing tab that we call state 

19    government.

20                 We have increased this budget by 

21    $10 billion over last year's budget.  Ten 

22    billion.  And we watered down the Governor's -- 

23    the checks, right, the big rebate checks that 

24    were going to help people, I don't know, get 

25    ice cream or maybe buy a bag of groceries, 


                                                               3355

 1    whatever it might be.  Those got watered down 

 2    even further after the budget negotiations.  So 

 3    we spent $10 billion, but we couldn't -- those 

 4    checks, those pesky checks going back to the 

 5    taxpayer, they were a little too lucrative.  We 

 6    had to trim those back a little bit.

 7                 And when I say this budget doesn't 

 8    do a lot for affordability, don't just take my 

 9    word for it.  Even some people in the majority 

10    agree with me.  This budget doesn't address the 

11    main issue of affordability.  Even though it was 

12    the word on the tips of everybody's lips.

13                 Now, public safety.  The Governor, 

14    yet again, said she was going to make major 

15    improvements to public safety.  She was going to 

16    deal with discovery, and she was going to deal 

17    with masks.  

18                 Now, we had a mask law in this state 

19    for a hundred years or more, and no one had an 

20    issue with it because we don't walk around 

21    wearing a mask unless you're up to no good or 

22    it's Halloween.  We don't wear it -- no one had 

23    an issue with it because it wasn't an issue 

24    unless you were a bad guy.  And once upon a time 

25    we didn't care about helping out bad guys.  We 


                                                               3356

 1    sure do today.  

 2                 So the Governor made the effort to 

 3    restore that law, and instead we have whatever 

 4    this is.  Which I think some of my colleagues 

 5    have said is really nothing.  Now, I'm not a 

 6    lawyer -- which is good news for a lot of people, 

 7    probably, out there.  But I'm not a lawyer and I 

 8    don't pretend to be one.  But we have a lot of 

 9    lawyers in this conference and in this 

10    Legislature.  And the lawyers that I trust, my 

11    colleagues, have all said this will do nothing.  

12    In fact, it won't even do what was once reported 

13    it was going to do.  Once it was reported that it 

14    would be like an additional charge, like a hate 

15    crime.  It's not even that.  It's not even that.  

16    It's nothing.  

17                 Sadly, while I applaud her efforts 

18    to fix it, I do not applaud the Governor's 

19    efforts to go around declaring victory.  This is 

20    not a victory, certainly for the Governor.  It's 

21    definitely not a victory for New Yorkers and for 

22    public safety.  It may be a victory for those who 

23    helped water it down or didn't want to go back, 

24    people who think that somehow wearing a mask is a 

25    civil right.  It's not.  You have no 


                                                               3357

 1    constitutional right to wear a mask in the 

 2    commission of a crime, to conceal your identity 

 3    in the commission of a crime.  

 4                 I've read the Constitution, no 

 5    lawyer though I am, and it says nothing, cover to 

 6    cover, about wearing a mask.  You have -- that is 

 7    not protected.  Now, again, medically, go ahead.  

 8    No one has a problem with that.  

 9                 But for anyone to declare victory, 

10    that somehow we did something on masks, shouldn't 

11    be a lawyer either.

12                 Discovery.  Now I remember, I can 

13    distinctly remember reading an article in the 

14    New York Daily News -- not one of my favorite 

15    publications -- but I read it anyways.  And it 

16    was from a couple of my colleagues, who said:  

17    We've got to do something on discovery.  And you 

18    know what I thought when I read it?  He's right, 

19    we should do something on discovery.  Because the 

20    number of felony cases that are dismissed simply 

21    because prosecutors can't meet unrealistic 

22    deadlines is a shame and an affront to public 

23    safety and justice.

24                 And by the way, all those things, if 

25    you rewind the tape, go back to 2019, I bet -- I 


                                                               3358

 1    bet you'll hear Senator Lanza saying that 

 2    was what was going to happen, I bet you'll hear 

 3    members of the Republican Conference saying that 

 4    was what was going to happen.  And lo and behold, 

 5    we were right.  I wish we weren't, but we were 

 6    right.  

 7                 And again, don't take my word for 

 8    it.  You can go to DAs, you can go to members of 

 9    the Majority.  They said the same thing:  There's 

10    too many felony cases being tossed out.  We've 

11    got to do something about it.  

12                 Well, there's a lot of -- like a lot 

13    of times with lawyers, there's a lot of words and 

14    there's a lot of paper that was printed, but you 

15    know what it does?  Nothing.  Nothing.  It 

16    doesn't roll it back, it doesn't change it 

17    substantially, it doesn't make it safer.  The 

18    same cases that are being tossed out will still 

19    be tossed out.  And there's even some prosecutors 

20    who have the temerity to call it out and say it's 

21    nothing, like Ray Tierney from Suffolk County.  

22    And I'm sure in the coming days more DAs will 

23    come forward and say this is not what we agreed 

24    on, this is not what we worked with the Governor 

25    on, this is a failure to ensure public safety and 


                                                               3359

 1    make sure more cases aren't being tossed out.

 2                 I mean, we can talk about the 

 3    ridiculous energy policies that continue in this 

 4    state that this budget does nothing for, or 

 5    continues.  We could talk about what's happening 

 6    to the Nassau hospital.  Maybe the most egregious 

 7    thing, obviously, is what we just concluded with.  

 8    So egregious that there had to be a tag team to 

 9    debate it, that there had to be a two-people 

10    defense of it because it was so bad and so 

11    disgusting.  And it is.  

12                 And I know my colleagues, some of 

13    them that have been here for a minute, I know, 

14    because I've talked to them over the years, and 

15    I've heard them debate on this floor when they 

16    were on this side of the chamber.  And I heard 

17    them express outrage sometimes that we would 

18    allow (lowers voice) campaign dollars to defend 

19    somebody.  

20                 But now we're going to allow 

21    taxpayer dollars to defend somebody.  And not 

22    just any somebody.  It doesn't say somebody.  But 

23    this -- where did it come from?  Why?  Why is 

24    this being done?  What is the cause?  And then 

25    there's a legal term for that, which of course I 


                                                               3360

 1    don't know.  But there's no doubt a reason you 

 2    need to do something.  Something triggers it.  

 3    What is it?  

 4                 You know what the best part is?  The 

 5    public knows.  You're not fooling anybody.  

 6    You're not fooling anybody.  And if they don't 

 7    know, I'm going to tell them.  And so is 

 8    everybody else on this side of the aisle.  

 9    Because this is gross.  I mean, there's $255 

10    billion, a lot of gross things in here.  This is 

11    gross, that we would say 10 billion of taxpayer 

12    dollars goes to defend somebody privately, a 

13    crime not committed of any relation to their job.  

14                 And I know something about that, 

15    Madam President.  I know something about that.  

16    Because I was prosecuted.  And you know what my 

17    feeling of that was?  It was a political 

18    prosecution.  And you know what?  I was right, 

19    because I'm here to tell you about it.  And the 

20    person who prosecuted me, he's not.  

21                 So I know about political 

22    prosecution.  And I've seen them up close.  And I 

23    see them happening ever more across our 

24    landscape.  The lawfare is real.  The tit for tat 

25    is real.  And this is disgusting.  


                                                               3361

 1                 Imagine if the U.S. House of 

 2    Representatives had set aside a hundred million 

 3    dollars for former President Trump at the time, 

 4    to defend himself against the multiple 

 5    indictments.  What would have been said over 

 6    here?  I can only imagine what it would have been 

 7    like.  

 8                 So you're darn right we're going to 

 9    call this out for what it is.  You are darn 

10    right.  And you're going to vote for it.  And 

11    I've been there.  I know, I know how that feels 

12    when you've got to hit that yes button, you got 

13    to put your -- your hand's got to be down because 

14    you're in the majority and you've got to vote for 

15    that budget no matter what's in there.  Now, 

16    maybe there will be some brave souls, and they'll 

17    raise their hand.  Well, I guess it's too late 

18    now, it's already been voted on.  Not enough 

19    brave souls.  

20                 And it's really a shame that a 

21    budget, we could sit here and debate the dollars 

22    and the programs and where money's going and 

23    where money's not going.  We can talk about 

24    whether we're really helping the people who need 

25    to be helped in this state, the people who are on 


                                                               3362

 1    the fringes, the people who are wondering if they 

 2    have a future here.  We could talk about it all 

 3    day long, talk about whether we're going to 

 4    provide affordable energy, reliable energy, 

 5    whether we can help provide affordable grocery 

 6    prices in this state, whether we can help provide 

 7    jobs to people who darn well need them.  We could 

 8    talk about that.  

 9                 But instead of that, you know what 

10    everyone's going to be talking about tomorrow is 

11    this.  So whether you think you did the best 

12    thing for New Yorkers or we think you did the 

13    worst thing on the budget, that this found its 

14    way in there is offensive to me as an American 

15    and as a New Yorker and especially as a taxpayer.  

16    And I am proud of the comments that were made on 

17    this floor in relation to that part of the budget 

18    as well as the budget as a whole.  

19                 So, Madam President, I am glad we 

20    are done.  I look forward to seeing everybody 

21    next week when no doubt we start 25- and 30- and 

22    50- and 100-bill active lists.  But New Yorkers 

23    are not going to forget this or the other litany 

24    of things in this budget that do nothing to help 

25    them, that do nothing to make things more 


                                                               3363

 1    affordable, that do nothing to make things safer, 

 2    and in fact do things that make the opposite.  

 3    They're going to drive up costs, make things more 

 4    expensive, continue to make things unsafe, less 

 5    safe -- except if you're a person of power or 

 6    influence.  They still get what they need, they 

 7    still get what they want, no matter what anybody 

 8    says.  

 9                 And so for that reason, 

10    Madam President, I am proud to vote no on every 

11    single bill in this budget.  I am -- thank you 

12    for your indulgence of my remarks.  I wish 

13    everyone a nice long weekend, and I will see you 

14    next week.

15                 (Applause, standing ovation from 

16    Republican members.)  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you.

18                 Senator Gianaris.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   At this time 

20    please recognize Majority Leader Andrea 

21    Stewart-Cousins.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Majority 

23    Leader Stewart-Cousins.  

24                 SENATOR STEWART-COUSINS:   Thank you 

25    so much, Madam President.  


                                                               3364

 1                 And, you know, to my colleague 

 2    across the aisle, when you said you were happy 

 3    about the earliest, the latest, I understand.  

 4    Two things can be true.  

 5                 (Laughter.)

 6                 SENATOR STEWART-COUSINS:   And, you 

 7    know, I too am very happy that we have come to 

 8    conclude this budget season.  

 9                 Of course I too want to acknowledge 

10    all of the great work that has gone on to make 

11    this happen, and I will start certainly with my 

12    Deputy Majority Leader, Senator Gianaris.  

13                 Thank you so much, as usual, for 

14    making sure that all the trains ran the way they 

15    were supposed to and that, you know, the debate 

16    happened in ways that enlightened us as well as 

17    got the work done.  

18                 And of course I want to say the same 

19    for Senator Lanza.  Thank you for your 

20    coordinated efforts.  

21                 I also want to make sure to thank my 

22    Conference Chair Senator Serrano, who has, you 

23    know, really guided us through so many of the 

24    things that happened over the past few weeks.  

25                 Also, obviously, I talked about what 


                                                               3365

 1    your statement was, Mr. Leader, but it's always 

 2    good to work with you even during these times.  

 3                 And I also want to commend 

 4    Senator O'Mara for holding it down and making 

 5    sure that Senator Krueger has some partnership.  

 6                 But I really, really, really want to 

 7    thank you, Senator Krueger.  Because we watch 

 8    you, all of us, in awe, the way --

 9                 (Applause.)

10                 SENATOR STEWART-COUSINS:   It 

11    doesn't matter what you ask her, how you ask her, 

12    you know, she's ever-patient, she's always the 

13    teacher.  

14                 And you're just so smart and so good 

15    at it.  So thank you.  Thank you.

16                 Of course I want to thank 

17    Governor Hochul and Speaker Heastie for their 

18    partnership in this process.  We spent weeks, as 

19    I usually say, rowing in the same direction in 

20    order to get results.  

21                 I also want to thank -- and again, 

22    as was said, all of the staff do incredible work 

23    during these very, very difficult and stressful 

24    times.  I do want to shout out my senior staff.  

25    And I'm really happy to hear that you are happy 


                                                               3366

 1    the way things were rolling out.  So I want to 

 2    really thank my senior staff, Jonathan Lang, 

 3    Dorothy Powell, Dave Friedfel, Mike Murphy, 

 4    Leah Goldman -- I'm sure all of you are 

 5    everywhere.  Thank you.  

 6                 To the Secretary of the Senate, 

 7    Alejandra Paulino -- and I will tell you that 

 8    she's got something for all of you when we're 

 9    done.  

10                 (Laughter.)

11                 SENATOR STEWART-COUSINS:   And to my 

12    staff that, again, makes my life so much easier 

13    right here, led by Jonathan Alvarenga -- and 

14    again, thank you for -- all of you, for keeping 

15    us going.

16                 Also, obviously, to my colleagues on 

17    this side of the world, tireless efforts on every 

18    area, every subject, every -- every part of this 

19    budget.  I really thank you for all of your work, 

20    your cooperation, your input, your insights.  It 

21    is -- again, you know, every budget season is 

22    different.  And this one, you know, I think it 

23    really took a lot.  So again, I thank each and 

24    every one of you for what you've done.  

25                 And of course my colleagues on the 


                                                               3367

 1    other side of the aisle as well.  Your input, we 

 2    hear you.  And we appreciate that, you know, 

 3    we're trying to doing what we need to do 

 4    together, and everyone's efforts matter.

 5                 I want to talk about the budget.  

 6    And in talking about it, I know that we could 

 7    talk about process.  We could talk about 

 8    lateness.  But in this moment I want to talk 

 9    about contrasts.  Because while here in New York 

10    we've spent the last month fighting for working 

11    families, in Washington, under the current 

12    leadership, it seems to be doing the opposite.  

13                 For example, while they propose 

14    slashing SNAP benefits, cutting programs that 

15    help families access healthy food, we're 

16    investing $50 million in food security through 

17    hunger prevention and nutrition assistance in 

18    Nourish NY.

19                 You can't call for a nationwide baby 

20    boom while actively undermining the 

21    infrastructure families rely on.  Here, in this 

22    budget, we provided $8 million in baby benefits, 

23    distributing 10 million diapers to new families 

24    while also providing free school meals to our 

25    children.  Because caring for our kids and 


                                                               3368

 1    feeding them shouldn't be up for debate.  

 2                 And while they talk about cutting 

 3    veterans healthcare and support for services, 

 4    we're expanding eligibility for the Gold Star 

 5    Annuity, funding mental health training for 

 6    veterans, and enhancing services that help our 

 7    veterans transition home with dignity and 

 8    support.  

 9                 And while they push tax giveaways 

10    for the ultra-wealthy and mega-corporations, 

11    we're maintaining the lowest middle-class tax 

12    rates in more than 70 years.  We're issuing 

13    inflation checks to put real dollars back into 

14    the pockets of working families.  We've expanded 

15    the child tax credit because New York's families 

16    come first.  

17                 And while they try to gut 

18    environmental protections, walk away from climate 

19    science, defund clean energy -- we're making the 

20    largest Environmental Protection Fund investment 

21    in state history.  We're directing a billion 

22    dollars towards climate resiliency and clean 

23    energy infrastructure, including 450 million for 

24    building decarbonization, 250 million for 

25    zero-emission transportation, and 200 million for 


                                                               3369

 1    renewable energy.  We also secured 500 million in 

 2    clean water grants, because we understand the 

 3    health of our economy is linked to the health of 

 4    our planet.  

 5                 While they look to cut education 

 6    funding and ban books, we're increasing support 

 7    for public schools and libraries, fully funding 

 8    Foundation Aid, expanding BOCES career and 

 9    technical education programs to ninth grade, and 

10    increasing salaries for BOCES teachers.  We're 

11    allocating 400 million in childcare funding, 

12    creating capital grant programs for both SUNY and 

13    CUNY infrastructure improvements.  We're 

14    launching the New York Opportunity Promise 

15    Scholarship to open pathways for adult learners, 

16    boosting community college support across the 

17    board.  

18                 While Washington seems to be more 

19    interested sometimes in laying roadblocks for 

20    state infrastructure improvements, we're moving 

21    forward, committing 3 billion to modernize the 

22    MTA and improve transit infrastructure across the 

23    state.  We've also increased CHIPS funding to 

24    repair our roads and extended work-zone speed 

25    enforcement programs to protect workers and 


                                                               3370

 1    drivers alike.  

 2                 While they ignore the mental health 

 3    crisis, criminalize people in crisis, we're 

 4    expanding access to inpatient psychiatric beds, 

 5    launching Daniel's Law pilot programs, and 

 6    enhancing crisis response systems.  We're 

 7    improving discharge planning, expanding assisted 

 8    outpatient treatment, and creating new standards 

 9    to ensure care is accessible, respectful, and 

10    effective.

11                 While they cut funding to 

12    reproductive health grants and continue to 

13    criminalize a woman's right to choose, our budget 

14    puts additional funding towards accessing 

15    abortion care, including new money towards our 

16    Abortion Provider Training Fund, while also 

17    ensuring that New York hospitals are equipped to 

18    provide lifesaving care in emergency pregnancy 

19    situations.

20                 While they sow fear and neglect 

21    public safety needs, we're supporting victims and 

22    communities, funding youth development and 

23    community violence intervention programs, 

24    increasing discovery reform resources, and 

25    establishing a new Office of Gun Violence 


                                                               3371

 1    Prevention to coordinate smart, data-driven 

 2    safety strategies.

 3                 And while they threaten to gut 

 4    affordable housing programs, we're continuing 

 5    historic investments in housing, from $1 billion 

 6    to support new housing development in New York 

 7    City -- including NYCHA -- to expanded programs 

 8    across the state for renters, homeowners, 

 9    Mitchell-Lama and land banks.  We're piloting a 

10    statewide Housing Access Voucher Program, 

11    boosting home ownership and supportive housing 

12    opportunities, and tackling vacant units with 

13    targeted repair funds.  

14                 We didn't stop there.  While 

15    Washington has imposed tariffs that threaten to 

16    cripple our small businesses, our budget stands 

17    up for these same businesses by providing tax 

18    relief and paying off their $8 billion 

19    unemployment insurance debt.

20                 While they target our middle-class 

21    workers, our budget increases weekly unemployment 

22    benefits, expands apprenticeship programs, 

23    supports farmworkers and food production, 

24    restores funding for the arts and cultural 

25    institutions, strengthens protections against 


                                                               3372

 1    wage theft and deceptive business practices and 

 2    waives civil service exam fees to open doors for 

 3    more public service careers.

 4                 This is what this budget is about:  

 5    Choices, values, priorities.  In this budget 

 6    New York has made a choice to stand with working 

 7    people and to invest in people.  We've decided to 

 8    strengthen our schools and our hospitals, not to 

 9    starve them.  To expand access to food and 

10    housing and not rip it away.  

11                 And while Washington continues to 

12    take more from New York than it gives back, we'll 

13    keep doing the work.  We'll keep investing in 

14    people.  And we'll carry that responsibility 

15    forward when we leave this chamber today, because 

16    that is the promise that we make to every 

17    New Yorker.  That is our promise.  

18                 So again, I want to thank you.  

19                 To all the mothers -- and that's 

20    probably about everybody, in some way, shape or 

21    form -- Happy Mother's Day.  

22                 And we will see you next week.  

23                 Thank you, Madam President.

24                 (Extended standing ovation.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 


                                                               3373

 1    Gianaris.

 2                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there any 

 3    further business at the desk?

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   There is 

 5    no further business at the desk.

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I move to 

 7    adjourn until Monday, May 12th, at 3:00 p.m., 

 8    with intervening days being legislative days.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   On motion, 

10    the Senate stands adjourned until Monday, 

11    May 12th, at 3:00 p.m., intervening days being 

12    legislative days.

13                 (Whereupon, at 10:00 p.m., the 

14    Senate adjourned.)

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