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Tuesday, March 10, 2026

3:31 PMRegular SessionALBANY, NEW YORK
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                                                               1108

 1                NEW YORK STATE SENATE

 2                          

 3                          

 4               THE STENOGRAPHIC RECORD

 5                          

 6                          

 7                          

 8                          

 9                  ALBANY, NEW YORK

10                   March 10, 2026

11                      3:31 p.m.

12                          

13                          

14                   REGULAR SESSION

15  

16  

17  

18  LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR ANTONIO DELGADO, President

19  ALEJANDRA N. PAULINO, ESQ., Secretary

20  

21  

22  

23  

24  

25  


                                                               1109

 1                P R O C E E D I N G S

 2                 THE PRESIDENT:   The Senate will 

 3    come to order.  

 4                 Everyone please rise and recite the 

 5    Pledge of Allegiance.

 6                 (Whereupon, the assemblage recited 

 7    the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

 8                 THE PRESIDENT:   In the absence of 

 9    clergy, let us bow our heads in a moment of 

10    silent reflection or prayer.

11                 (Whereupon, the assemblage respected 

12    a moment of silence.)

13                 THE PRESIDENT:   Reading of the 

14    Journal.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   In Senate, Monday, 

16    March 9, 2026, the Senate met pursuant to 

17    adjournment.  The Journal of Friday, March 6, 

18    2026, was read and approved.  On motion, the 

19    Senate adjourned.

20                 THE PRESIDENT:   Without objection, 

21    the Journal stands approved as read.

22                 Presentation of petitions.  

23                 Messages from the Assembly.

24                 The Secretary will read.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Fahy moves 


                                                               1110

 1    to discharge, from the Committee on Education, 

 2    Assembly Bill Number 4382A and substitute it for 

 3    the identical Senate Bill 6734A, Third Reading 

 4    Calendar 437.

 5                 THE PRESIDENT:   So ordered.

 6                 Messages from the Governor.

 7                 Reports of standing committees.

 8                 Reports of select committees.

 9                 Communications and reports from 

10    state officers.

11                 Motions and resolutions.

12                 Senator Gianaris.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Good afternoon, 

14    Mr. President.

15                 THE PRESIDENT:   Good afternoon.

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   On behalf of 

17    Senator Jackson, on page 24 I offer the following 

18    amendments to Calendar Number 443, Senate Print 

19    5183, and ask that said bill retain its place on 

20    Third Reading Calendar.

21                 THE PRESIDENT:   The amendments are 

22    received, and the bill will retain its place on 

23    the Third Reading Calendar.

24                 Senator Gianaris.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I now move to 


                                                               1111

 1    adopt the Resolution Calendar, with the exception 

 2    of Resolutions 1718 and 1723.

 3                 THE PRESIDENT:   All those in favor 

 4    of adopting the Resolution Calendar, with the 

 5    exception of Resolutions 1718 and 1723, please 

 6    signify by saying aye.

 7                 (Response of "Aye.")

 8                 THE PRESIDENT:   Opposed, nay.

 9                 (No response.)

10                 THE PRESIDENT:   The Resolution 

11    Calendar is adopted.

12                 Senator Gianaris.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   At this time 

14    please recognize Senator Weber for an 

15    introduction.

16                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Weber.

17                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you, 

18    Mr. President.  

19                 Today I rise to recognize a truly 

20    remarkable group visiting us in the Senate 

21    chamber, the 12th-grade class, graduating class, 

22    of Ahavas Bas Yaakov, of Rockland County.  I 

23    would like to take a moment to acknowledge 

24    Principal Ms. Shaindy Eisenberg and 

25    Shmulie Hartstein, who are up there in the 


                                                               1112

 1    gallery as well.  

 2                 They founded an organization called 

 3    Kol Yisroel, which means "the voice of the Jewish 

 4    people."  Kol Yisroel is a new organization with 

 5    a powerful mission, to engage Jewish youth in 

 6    civic education and teach them how local and 

 7    state government functions.  

 8                 In less than two months, this 

 9    organization has already taken four trips here to 

10    our Capitol, today being the largest delegation 

11    yet.  

12                 They have met with more than 

13    40 elected officials in various capacities and 

14    have many more advocacy trips planned in the 

15    months ahead, all centered around empowering 

16    young people to participate meaningfully in our 

17    democratic process -- not a small accomplishment 

18    at all.  

19                 Before us are 22 outstanding young 

20    women who have completed a comprehensive civics 

21    course studying how government works, from local 

22    municipalities to the New York State Legislature.  

23                 They are not just learning about 

24    government in theory, they are here putting their 

25    education in action, meeting with legislators, 


                                                               1113

 1    engaging respectfully, and advocating for their 

 2    values for community safety.  

 3                 These students from my Senate 

 4    district are among the thousands of students who 

 5    attend private schools, receive an excellent 

 6    education, and go on to become civic-minded, 

 7    productive, and engaged members of society.  

 8                 I personally know many of their 

 9    families.  They are constituents in the 

10    38th District and are hardworking, 

11    community-orientated, and deeply invested in 

12    faith and public life.  

13                 Their presence here today 

14    demonstrates that young people are paying 

15    attention, they care about their communities, 

16    they care about public safety, and they care 

17    about their future -- and they understand that 

18    democracy functions best when citizens show up 

19    and participate.  

20                 Mr. President, we thank them for 

21    being here.  We thank Mr. Hartstein for his 

22    leadership and vision as well.  And we look 

23    forward to watching these young women grow into 

24    the next generation of leaders in our state and 

25    our nation.


                                                               1114

 1                 Mr. President, I ask for this body 

 2    to extend to the 12th grade of Ahavas Bas Yaakov 

 3    of Rockland County the full courtesies and 

 4    privileges of the New York State Senate.  

 5                 Please join me in welcoming them 

 6    warmly as well.

 7                 THE PRESIDENT:   To our guests, I 

 8    welcome you on behalf of the Senate.  We extend 

 9    to you the privileges and courtesies of the 

10    house.  

11                 Please rise and be recognized.

12                 (Standing ovation.)

13                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Gianaris.

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please recognize 

15    Senator Webb for another introduction.

16                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Webb.

17                 SENATOR WEBB:   Thank you, 

18    Mr. President.

19                 Today I rise and I want to lift up 

20    someone who's joined us in the chamber today but 

21    is someone who is not only making a very 

22    remarkable impression here in our great state, 

23    but is also called upon nationally.  

24                 Today we are joined by Dr. Angela 

25    Odoms-Young, who is an outstanding scholar, 


                                                               1115

 1    leader and advocate for healthier communities 

 2    across New York.  

 3                 She is the Nancy Schlegel Meinig 

 4    Associate Professor of Maternal and Child 

 5    Nutrition at Cornell University.  

 6                 She also serves as the director of 

 7    the Food and Nutrition Education in Communities 

 8    Program, led by New York State's Expanded Food 

 9    and Nutrition Education Program through Cornell 

10    Cooperative Extension.  

11                 Her research examines how social and 

12    structural factors such as economic inequality, 

13    racism and environmental injustice shape dietary 

14    behaviors and contribute to disparities in 

15    healthcare, along with chronic diseases.  She 

16    works to improve access to food and health 

17    outcomes, particularly in historically 

18    marginalized communities.

19                 She has and continues to shape 

20    national food and nutrition policy through her 

21    service with the National Academies of Sciences, 

22    Engineering and Medicine, and as the cochair of 

23    the Scientific Review Committee for the 2020 

24    Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

25                 I'm very proud to recognize 


                                                               1116

 1    Dr. Angela Odoms-Young for her commitment to 

 2    improving the health and well-being of families 

 3    across our great state and nation.  

 4                 Mr. President, I ask that you join 

 5    me in welcoming her to our chamber and extend to 

 6    her all the privileges of the floor.

 7                 Thank you.

 8                 THE PRESIDENT:   To our guest, I 

 9    welcome you on behalf of the Senate.  We extend 

10    to you the privileges and courtesies of the 

11    house.

12                 Please rise and be recognized.

13                 (Standing ovation.)

14                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Gianaris.

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please take up 

16    previously adopted Resolution 1680, by 

17    Senator Fernandez, have that resolution's title 

18    read, and recognize Senator Fernandez.

19                 THE PRESIDENT:   The Secretary will 

20    read.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 1680, by 

22    Senator Fernandez, commemorating the 

23    Inaugural Celebration of Bronx Day on March 10, 

24    2026.

25                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Fernandez.  


                                                               1117

 1                 SENATOR FERNANDEZ:   Mr. President, 

 2    it is my great honor to rise today before you and 

 3    my colleagues from across this great state to 

 4    declare that once again, at long last, Bronx Day 

 5    is happening in Albany.  

 6                 After nearly a decade, myself, my 

 7    colleagues, and a group of the most dedicated, 

 8    talented individuals have resurrected this great 

 9    tradition.  

10                 This day, like every day, Bronxites 

11    are called upon to remind us of one fundamental 

12    truth:  That since 1898, the Bronx is the single 

13    greatest borough in New York City.  

14                 (Laughter.)

15                 SENATOR FERNANDEZ:   Yes, it is.  

16    The best, if you will.  

17                 It is the spirit of the Bronx that 

18    makes it so, a spirit that was constructed over 

19    generations, scarred by tragedy, but resilient 

20    above all else.  That, despite great hardship, 

21    would change the world for the better.

22                 Now I'm putting on my historian hat 

23    because we're going to tell a story.  Long before 

24    the boroughs or city lines, the land was home to 

25    the Lenape, those who lived along the river for 


                                                               1118

 1    generations.  Fun fact, the river, the Bronx 

 2    River, is the only freshwater river in New York 

 3    City.  

 4                 In 1639, a Swedish settler named 

 5    Jonas Bronck built a farm along that river and 

 6    maintained relations with the Native leaders.  

 7    But he didn't stay too long, and unfortunately 

 8    colonization, as it does, spread with impunity 

 9    and the people of that land were forced from the 

10    land.  

11                 But as the story goes, the borough 

12    rose from this land, the Bronx land, and it would 

13    be known today as the Bronx.

14                 Another fun fact:  There are only 

15    three places in the world that have "the" in 

16    front of its name:  The Hague, in the 

17    Netherlands; the Vatican, in Italy; and the 

18    Bronx, in New York City.

19                 And while the Bronx may carry a long 

20    history in the family of New York City boroughs, 

21    we are still the youngest.  In 1912 the Bronx was 

22    the last borough to join New York City.  And I 

23    call it the "baby borough," my baby.

24                 Anyone who grew up in a big family 

25    knows that the youngest sibling is sometimes 


                                                               1119

 1    underestimated, sometimes overlooked, sometimes 

 2    talked about before even being heard.  But that 

 3    position teaches you, it teaches you something.  

 4    It teaches you to fight for your place.  It 

 5    teaches you to prove yourself.  And the Bronx has 

 6    spent more than a century doing exactly that.  

 7                 But the spirit of the Bronx does not 

 8    just live in its geography, it lives in the 

 9    people.  Generations after generations of 

10    families have come to the Bronx to build a 

11    life -- immigrants like my parents, Doña Sonia 

12    and Don William, from Cuba and Colombia -- 

13    working families, communities from across Europe, 

14    the Caribbean, Latin America, Asia, South America 

15    and beyond.  

16                 They brought their language, their 

17    culture, their food, their music, and their 

18    pride.  And together they built neighborhoods 

19    that did more than just house people.  They 

20    created identity.  

21                 You have Little Italy in Belmont, on 

22    Arthur Avenue.  You have Little Yemen in Morris 

23    Park.  You have Little Puerto Rico in Clason 

24    Point.  You have Bangla Bazaar in Parkchester.  

25    And you have Little Jamaica in Baychester, and so 


                                                               1120

 1    much more.  Shout out to my Albanians, my 

 2    West Africans, and the Garifuna community -- and 

 3    everybody in between.

 4                 Time and time again the Bronx has 

 5    created culture that reached far beyond the 

 6    streets.  Movements born here have shaped music, 

 7    art, identity across the globe.  We created 

 8    doo-wop.  We cultivated salsa.  Rest in peace to 

 9    Willie Colón.  Yesterday he was laid to rest in 

10    peace.  Shout out to Héctor Lavoe, who came to 

11    the Bronx, cultivated this music, and created 

12    community.  

13                 And Mr. President, do you know that 

14    La Reina de Salsa herself, Celia Cruz, rests in 

15    power for eternity in the great Woodlawn Cemetery 

16    in the Bronx.  

17                 And of course hip-hop.  I know we 

18    love that.  Hip-hop did start in the Bronx.  

19    Don't let anybody ever tell you that it started 

20    anywhere else besides 1520 Sedgwick Avenue.  

21    Because if it wasn't for the Bronx, this rap 

22    stuff wouldn't be going on.  

23                 (Dancing) "Uptown baby, uptown baby, 

24    we gets down baby, up the crown baby."  We had to 

25    have a dance break, because we are the 


                                                               1121

 1    boogie-down Bronx.  

 2                 The Bronx has always been bigger 

 3    than its borough lines.  And yet for the world it 

 4    has been given sometimes a bad name:  The 

 5    Forgotten Borough, the Stepchild Borough.  

 6                 But history tells a different story.  

 7    Even when the recognition didn't always follow, 

 8    many of our most notable leaders, voices and 

 9    visionaries came to the Bronx, from Edgar Allan 

10    Poe -- you can visit his house today in Poe Park.  

11    From James Baldwin, who graduated from DeWitt 

12    Clinton High School.  Also from Stanley Lee, the 

13    father of our Marvel Comics and many superheroes 

14    that we love.  And of course our current 

15    U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor.  

16                 We have raised pioneers who 

17    challenged and changed the world for the better.  

18    Even Cardi B.

19                 (Laughter.)

20                 SENATOR FERNANDEZ:   And 

21    Chazz Palminteri, Sonny from A Bronx Tale, will 

22    tell you, the worst thing in the world is wasted 

23    talent.  And so many of us heard him, because 

24    we're not wasting our talent.  

25                 On our borough flag -- we have a 


                                                               1122

 1    borough flag, as every borough does.  It has a 

 2    saying, Ne Cede Malis, "yield not to evil."  

 3                 There were times when people looked 

 4    at the borough and only saw struggle.  The era 

 5    where the nation watched images of fires and 

 6    declared that the Bronx was burning.  But the 

 7    spirit of the Bronx did not stay down.  It 

 8    rebuilded, neighborhood by neighborhood, block by 

 9    block, family by family.  

10                 It even built this country, 

11    Mr. President.  Another fun fact, a Fernandez fun 

12    fact:  Did you know that at our nation's capital 

13    the Lincoln Memorial, that statue was made in the 

14    Bronx?  It was carved in a studio in the 

15    South Bronx and brought in pieces to our nation's 

16    capital.  So when you go visit Washington, D.C., 

17    you know the Bronx is looking at you.

18                 The spirit of the Bronx, when the 

19    world handed us a tough deck, the Bronx played it 

20    handily, returning the favor with music -- 

21    hip-hop, salsa, doo-wop.  The New York Yankees, 

22    27 rings, okay.  The New York Botanical Garden, 

23    the first botanical garden in this state.  We 

24    have Brooklyn, we have Queens, but the New York 

25    Botanical Garden is in the Bronx because that is 


                                                               1123

 1    where it started, as did so many other things.  

 2                 We have the best zoo -- the Bronx 

 3    Zoo, where you can see Happy the Elephant -- and 

 4    fashion icons, from Calvin Klein -- I know a lot 

 5    of us love to wear his suits -- to original still 

 6    Edwin Reyes.  And if you were watching the 

 7    Olympics, the Winter Olympics, those very nice 

 8    outfits were designed by Bronx native 

 9    Ralph Lauren.  

10                 And may I say that the Bronx is 

11    beautiful.  It is so beautiful.  We are the 

12    greenest borough, with the most parkland space.  

13    From Pelham Bay Park to Orchard Beach, 

14    Van Cortlandt, St. Mary's and Crotona, we are so 

15    beautiful, and every day we continue to bloom.

16                 I say before you, Mr. President, if 

17    you didn't know, again, the Bronx is the only 

18    borough on the mainland USA.  The Bronx is the 

19    gateway to the United States.  You have to come 

20    through us if you want to see anything else.  

21                 And that is fitting, because the 

22    story of the Bronx is the story of America.  We 

23    are the city.  We are God's country.  And we are 

24    the hopes and dreams of generations past, 

25    fighting for our place in the world -- and we are 


                                                               1124

 1    winning.

 2                 As a State Senator, I know that to 

 3    represent the Bronx is to carry that spirit with 

 4    you.  It means speaking for communities who have 

 5    fought to be heard.  It means honoring 

 6    resilience, creativity, and the pride that 

 7    defines our borough.  And it means making sure 

 8    that the Bronx is never overlooked in places 

 9    where decisions are made, like right here in our 

10    State Capitol.  

11                 That is why today matters.  Today's 

12    leaders, artists, entrepreneurs, community 

13    members from the Bronx have come today to see you 

14    so you can see them.  Today we recognize the 

15    borough that has given so much to the world.  

16                 To my baby borough, the Bronx, I'm 

17    so proud of you.  And we are reminded that the 

18    Bronx is not just a part of New York City, it is 

19    not just where we live, it is who we are.  We are 

20    the vibe.  We are the Bronx.  And we are the 

21    best.

22                 Thank you.

23                 THE PRESIDENT:   Thank you.

24                 (Applause.)

25                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Bailey.


                                                               1125

 1                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Thank you, 

 2    Mr. President.  

 3                 Thank you to Senator Fernandez for 

 4    revitalizing Bronx Day, to the Chamber of 

 5    Commerce and all of our esteemed guests.  

 6                 Mr. President, today I get to be a 

 7    lawyer again.  I'm going to submit to you a 

 8    motion for summary judgment about the Bronx, the 

 9    greatest place on God's green earth.  

10                 Now, a philosopher once said:  "New 

11    York to the heart, but we got love for all.  Lie 

12    and die in the fire where I learned to ball.  

13    Uptown is the place where I lay my dome.  On the 

14    streets of the Bronx where my family roam.  

15                 Now, we heard that Brooklyn's in the  

16    house.  

17                 (Laughter.)

18                 SENATOR BAILEY:   We heard that 

19    Queens gets the money.  We know about all the 

20    world:  Money-making Manhattan, money-earning 

21    Mount Vernon.  But I submit to you in this motion 

22    for summary judgment, as Senator Fernandez, if it 

23    wasn't for the Bronx, this rap thing probably 

24    never would be going on.  

25                 So tell me where you from.  Uptown, 


                                                               1126

 1    the greatest place where life tastes sweeter.  

 2                 People talk about food.  

 3    Mr. President, there are Starbucks in Manhattan.  

 4    We go to the White Plains Road for jerked chicken 

 5    spots.  Little Jamaica, the most Jamaicans 

 6    outside of the country of Jamaica reside uptown.  

 7                 Wah gwaan, with my brethren.  They 

 8    know what's going on because they made a life, 

 9    they've come to the Bronx.  My grandparents came 

10    to the Bronx from North Carolina.  Migration.  

11    All great roads lead through the boogie-down 

12    Bronx.  

13                 And all great leaders happen to go 

14    to high school in the Bronx.  Leader 

15    Stewart-Cousins, Evander Childs High School, 

16    boogie-down Bronx.  Speaker Carl Heastie, 

17    Truman High School, boogie-down Bronx.  I don't 

18    think it's a coincidence.  I think it's something 

19    that happens.  There's something in the air.  

20    There's something rich about the tapestry, the 

21    fabric.  

22                 We talk about the fashion designers, 

23    we talk about Ralph and Calvin.  I know all of 

24    you have Polo.  That's from the Bronx.  You may 

25    not know about up-and-coming fashion designers 


                                                               1127

 1    like Mugzy McFly out of Baychester, an uptown 

 2    representative doing great things.  

 3                 We talk about Stan Lee, Marvel.  

 4    When they think that this is (crossed arms on 

 5    chest) Wakanda -- no, this is the Bronx.  Stan 

 6    Lee, also a Bronxite.  

 7                 So when you think Wakanda, you think 

 8    the Bronx.  It's the only borough with the sign.  

 9    I know some of you all try to make other signs.  

10    There's only one borough with the sign (crossed 

11    arms on chest).  

12                 (Laughter.)

13                 SENATOR BAILEY:   As much as I may 

14    not like the team that resides on 161st Street 

15    and River Avenue, they do have a lot of 

16    championships.  

17                 But we are the home of great 

18    basketball players like Jamal Mashburn and Rod 

19    Strickland, Mr. President, the greatest NBA 

20    player, in my opinion, to ever make an All-Star 

21    game.  Just let NYU to an NCAA tournament for the 

22    first time in a long time.  

23                 But it's not just about the 

24    braggadocio, Mr. President.  You heard the facts 

25    about the borough.  There's a sense of resilience 


                                                               1128

 1    that the Bronx has taken on.  Sports announcer -- 

 2    clown, in my book -- Howard Cosell said that the 

 3    Bronx was burning.  The Bronx was never burning, 

 4    Mr. President.  Those fires were a result of 

 5    disinvestment.  Not just financially, but a 

 6    disinvestment in the people of the Bronx.  

 7                 Now that we have stewards -- and 

 8    Stewart-Cousinses and Heasties -- that really 

 9    invested in the borough, look at how far we have 

10    come.  Those fires were set by people that wanted 

11    us to burn.  But now, Mr. President, we're on 

12    fire.  

13                 What we have done -- the undisputed 

14    birthplace of hip-hop, for those in the back -- 

15                 (Laughter.)

16                 SENATOR BAILEY:   -- for those in 

17    the front, it all comes from, all comes from 

18    1520 Sedgwick Avenue in Senator Jose Marcos 

19    Serrano's district.  August 11, 1973, a date that 

20    will live forever in history, when hip-hop 

21    started out in the park.  

22                 Mr. President, we are the home of 

23    the world's largest cooperative development in 

24    Co-Op City.  New York City's largest indoor 

25    shopping mall at Bay Plaza.  And those of us who 


                                                               1129

 1    are from uptown, we know about going through 

 2    Burger King to get to the movie theater.  

 3                 (Laughter.)

 4                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Those of us from 

 5    uptown, we know about buy-one-get-one-free 

 6    Wednesdays at Carvel on 233rd.  

 7                 But everybody from the Bronx has 

 8    their own Bronx story, their own little slice of 

 9    heaven, Mr. President.  

10                 And as I close, I'm just glad that 

11    God made me be from the Bronx.  We are the only 

12    borough that was born in the same century that we 

13    were born in.  All the other boroughs got 16s and 

14    17s and 18s.  The Bronx, 1912.  Youngest and 

15    freshest.  The last etching on the stairs, but 

16    the first in your heart.  

17                 So as I close, I invite you all to 

18    come, come down the hill.  Enjoy the Bronx.  

19    Savor the Bronx.  Just don't root for the team 

20    there, professional team there.  

21                 But I am really excited that 

22    Bronx Day in Albany is back.  And to all my 

23    colleagues, let us continue to live out -- oh, 

24    one more thing, Mr. President.  

25                 Ogden Nash, famous poet.  He 


                                                               1130

 1    infamously wrote:  "The Bronx?  No thonx!"  But 

 2    much like the resurgence that everybody knows 

 3    about the Bronx, Ogden Nash made amends: 

 4                 "I can't seem to escape the sins of 

 5    my smart-Alec youth.  Here are my amends.  

 6                 "I wrote those lines, 'The Bronx?  

 7    No thonx!'  I shudder to confess them.  

 8                 "Now I'm an older, wiser man, I cry:  

 9    'The Bronx?  God bless them!'"  

10                 And God bless the Borough of the 

11    Bronx.  

12                 Thank you, Mr. President.  

13                 (Applause.)

14                 THE PRESIDENT:   Thank you.  

15                 Senator Myrie.  

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Thank you, 

17    Mr. President.

18                 Let me thank Senator Fernandez for 

19    bringing this resolution.  

20                 I also want to -- hold on, hold on, 

21    hold on, I'ma get to it.  I'ma get to it.  

22                 (Laughter.)

23                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Let me also 

24    recognize that we are joined by history-making 

25    women in a month where we are recognizing that.  


                                                               1131

 1                 We have the first woman ever, first 

 2    Black woman ever, first Black person ever to 

 3    assume the Bronx borough presidency, the 

 4    Honorable Vanessa Gibson.

 5                 (Applause.)

 6                 SENATOR MYRIE:   A former member of 

 7    this august State Legislature.  

 8                 And then we have the Bronx district 

 9    attorney, the first Black woman in the State of 

10    New York history to assume the office of district 

11    attorney.  

12                 So the Bronx -- yeah, we can give it 

13    up for her.

14                 (Applause.)

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   So in addition to 

16    all the great things you are going to hear about 

17    the Bronx today, I want to ensure that we 

18    recognize that it isn't just within the confines 

19    of the borough's boundaries, but that they are 

20    setting an example for many women that look just 

21    like them, who will set an example for future 

22    generations.  

23                 Now, you're probably wondering why 

24    this Brooklyn kid is standing up on the Bronx Day 

25    resolution, Senator Rivera.  But I would argue 


                                                               1132

 1    that I have the strongest dual citizenship 

 2    between the two boroughs -- 

 3                 (Laughter.)

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   -- out of anybody 

 5    in this chamber because my dad moved to the Bronx 

 6    when I was very, very, very young.  

 7                 So I got street cred in the Bronx.  

 8    I know about Baychester Avenue.  I know about the 

 9    Carvel special.  I played handball at Van 

10    Cortlandt.  I played hoops at Sousa.  I bought 

11    bootleg CDs off Fordham Road.  

12                 (Laughter.)

13                 SENATOR MYRIE:   When I was young.  

14    When I was young.  

15                 (Laughter.)

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   I was educated at 

17    Fordham University.  

18                 I would not be who I am today if not 

19    for the great borough of the Bronx.  So I wanted 

20    to ensure that I gave my just due, that I gave 

21    praise to this borough for all that you continue 

22    to do, not just for the City of New York but the 

23    entire State of New York.  

24                 Thank you, and Happy Bronx Day!  

25                 (Applause.)


                                                               1133

 1                 THE PRESIDENT:   Thank you.

 2                 Senator Serrano.

 3                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Thank you very 

 4    much, Mr. President.  

 5                 And many thanks to all my colleagues 

 6    and Senator Fernandez and all who have spoken 

 7    about the importance of the Bronx, and all who 

 8    are here to celebrate all that is great about 

 9    this wonderful borough.  

10                 And we heard our colleagues talk 

11    about all the different ways that the Bronx is 

12    special.  And it is all of that, and very 

13    personal for me.  As a kid growing up in the 

14    1970s in the Bronx, I was really made to feel 

15    that this was not a good place.  I would tell 

16    people I was from the Bronx, and they would go, 

17    "Ooh, how did you survive?  And, you know, all 

18    this, you know, nonsense.  

19                 There was this belief, this 

20    mythology that the Bronx was not magic.  But I 

21    knew that it was.  I was watching Reggie Jackson 

22    hit three home runs in the World Series.  I was 

23    witnessing all of the magic that was there all 

24    around -- all of the great music and the 

25    architecture and the largest collection of 


                                                               1134

 1    art-deco apartments anywhere outside of 

 2    Miami Beach.  

 3                 And when I had children, my wife and 

 4    I, and I would talk to my son about the Bronx, 

 5    you know, he had heard the rumors that the Bronx 

 6    was not great.  And I said, Let's talk about that 

 7    for a minute.  Let's talk about all the great 

 8    things that came from this borough that we love.  

 9                 Now, my son is a big fan of Batman.  

10    There would be no Batman if it wasn't for the 

11    Bronx.  The Dark Knight got his start in the 

12    borough, as did many other of our superheroes, as 

13    Senator Fernandez mentioned, through the 

14    Marvel Universe and otherwise.  

15                 And from Stanley Kubrick, who 

16    revolutionized the way we watch movies, from 

17    Ralph Lauren and Calvin Klein, who revolutionized 

18    the way we look at fashion.  I could go on and 

19    on.  I could talk about Neil DeGrasse Tyson.  I 

20    could talk about Sonia Sotomayor.  I could talk 

21    about all the amazing musicians and thinkers and 

22    poets and writers.  

23                 And really, what it boils down to is 

24    pride.  It's pride that we were denied through 

25    redlining and through benign neglect.  


                                                               1135

 1                 There was nothing benign about the 

 2    neglect that happened in the 1960s and '70s in 

 3    the Bronx.  This was purposeful.  This was 

 4    something that was done that was a tremendous 

 5    tragedy.  And it had repercussions for 

 6    generations.  

 7                 Indeed, I grew up thinking that this 

 8    was not the place to be.  I grew up thinking that 

 9    what I saw on TV in The Brady Bunch was the 

10    epitome of the American dream, not realizing that 

11    the diversity and the beauty that was in the 

12    Bronx was the dream.

13                 So as I stand here as the father of 

14    two teenage kids, and my son in his second year 

15    at the University of Pennsylvania -- and I'm so 

16    proud of him, and my daughter and all that the 

17    Bronx gave to us.  We would not be anything if it 

18    was not for the Bronx. 

19                 And I congratulate everyone here to 

20    celebrate it.  Thank you.

21                 (Applause.)

22                 THE PRESIDENT:   Thank you.  

23                 Senator Sepúlveda.

24                 SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:   Thank you, 

25    Mr. President.  


                                                               1136

 1                 Before I speak, I just have to make 

 2    it clear to Senator Myrie that you don't get 

 3    street-cred citizenship just because you set foot 

 4    in the Bronx.  To get credibility in the Bronx, 

 5    you've got to live there, you've got to work 

 6    there, you've got to be with us every single day.

 7                 And I want to deny Senator Bailey 

 8    his motion for summary judgment because even 

 9    though what he said was accurate about the Bronx, 

10    the reality is that he's still a New York Mets 

11    fan.  

12                 (Laughter.)

13                 SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:   The Bronx -- 

14    I've lived in most counties in the City of 

15    New York and several places throughout the state, 

16    but there's no greater place than the Bronx.

17                 You know, I moved into the Bronx 

18    after graduating from law school in 1991, and 

19    stayed there.  And I've been there for the last 

20    30-something years.  And I tell you that it's 

21    been one of the best experiences of my life.  

22    I've raised one son there and another one I 

23    raised for most of his life there.  And I could 

24    not think of a greater place to raise a family.  

25                 Now, of course I want to thank 


                                                               1137

 1    Nathalia for the great work for this day today, 

 2    and I saw a lot of the presentation.  You should 

 3    be very proud of the work that you've done.  

 4                 I want to thank the Bronx Chamber of 

 5    Commerce for the great work that they do in 

 6    economic development for the county.

 7                 Now, it's important that we 

 8    celebrate, as we celebrate almost 400 years of 

 9    New York City and 250 years of this country, that 

10    we celebrate the Bronx.

11                 You know, people don't know this, 

12    but the Bronx played a critical role in the 

13    Revolutionary War of this country.  And there are 

14    many sites that you can go visit and you can see 

15    where actual battles took place.  

16                 The Bronx is one of the most diverse 

17    places in the world.  I lived in Queens, I lived 

18    in Jackson Heights, so I know how diverse 

19    Jackson Heights is.  But the Bronx is almost as 

20    diverse and has a great community.  

21                 In the 1940s to the 1970s there was 

22    a big migration from Puerto Rico.  Subsequently 

23    you've had people from West Africa, from Africa, 

24    you've had people from South Asia, the 

25    Bangladeshi community is a thriving community 


                                                               1138

 1    there now.  You have a large Dominican community 

 2    which is the largest ethnic group now in the 

 3    County of the Bronx.  

 4                 And I know we've mentioned some of 

 5    the great and famous people that were born or 

 6    lived or were raised in the Bronx.  I know 

 7    someone mentioned Neil DeGrasse Tyson, who as you 

 8    all know has changed the way we live and we think 

 9    about the universe.  I know DeGrasse's father was 

10    African-American and his mother was Puerto Rican, 

11    we had other great people like Roscoe Brown, 

12    W.E.B. Du Bois.  They were all born in the Bronx 

13    and lived there most of their lives.  We have 

14    other famous musicians.  I know we spoke about 

15    Cardi B.  But we also have Jennifer Lopez.  We 

16    have Grandmaster Flash, and we have KRS-One, two 

17    pioneers of hip-hop music.  Fat Joe is another 

18    Bronx-born-and-bred musician.  And one that 

19    probably many of you don't know, especially if 

20    you're from Long Island, is that Billy Joel was 

21    actually born in the Bronx.  

22                 You know, we have a lot of pride 

23    that hip-hop is the birthplace -- the Bronx is 

24    the birthplace of hip-hop.  It transformed music, 

25    and it also changes social expressions around the 


                                                               1139

 1    world and fashion and other ways.  

 2                 You know, our borough has the best 

 3    zoo in the entire country, it has the best 

 4    botanical gardens in the entire world.  It has 

 5    Orchard Beach, it has Van Cortlandt Park, which 

 6    are wonderful places to go.  And of course it is 

 7    a location where you have -- a county where you 

 8    have many educational centers like Fordham, you 

 9    have Lehman College and many, many other 

10    institutions of higher learning in the county.  

11                 I invite all of my colleagues to 

12    come and visit the Bronx.  We can take you to 

13    Little Italy to eat foods from not only the 

14    Italian community, but also the Mexican-American 

15    community, which has grown in that sector.  

16                 We can take you to areas where you 

17    could eat Jamaican food, you could eat Arabic 

18    food.  I mean, so many different kinds of flavors 

19    and food and flavors from different countries 

20    that we invite you to come in.  

21                 Of course if you come, we'll take 

22    you to a Yankee game, we'll take you to the 

23    greatest zoo, the Bronx Zoo, and then after 

24    you're done there we'll walk you over to the 

25    botanical gardens and you'll have the greatest 


                                                               1140

 1    experience you have in your life.  

 2                 So we urge you, come to the Bronx.  

 3    I'm so honored to be recognizing the Bronx.  As I 

 4    said, I can't think of a greater place to live.  

 5                 God bless the Bronx {in Spanish; 

 6    crossed arms on chest}.  

 7                 (Applause.)

 8                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Krueger.

 9                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you very 

10    much.  

11                 I never lived in the Bronx. 

12                 (Laughter.)

13                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   But my first job 

14    in New York City when I moved to New York in 1983 

15    was to actually work in the Hunts Point area of 

16    the Bronx, which was a tough place at that time.  

17                 And so I'm delighted to hear all 

18    these wonderful things that are the Bronx today, 

19    and all the great people who come from the Bronx 

20    and came from the city today to visit with us.  

21                 But I needed to stand up to point 

22    out that when my very close friend 

23    Senator Serrano got up to talk about his life in 

24    the Bronx, he forgot to mention this little 

25    detail.  


                                                               1141

 1                 I knew his father, the Congressman, 

 2    long before I knew him, because he was part of 

 3    the great renewal of the Bronx and was so 

 4    committed to the community where I started to 

 5    work in 1983.  And he was so helpful to me in my 

 6    efforts when I started the New York City Food 

 7    Bank back then.  And his commitment to social 

 8    justice and his own people.  

 9                 And I have no question where this 

10    amazing man {indicating} came from, because he 

11    came from Congressman Serrano, who I just wanted 

12    to make sure we talked about today.

13                 Thank you very much.

14                 (Applause.)

15                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Borrello on 

16    the resolution.  

17                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   I just want to 

18    rise to run a little cover for Senator Serrano.  

19                 You talked about Batman, but you 

20    launched into Stan Lee and Marvel.  So I don't 

21    want a bunch of Batman fan boys calling your 

22    office saying you misinterpreted this.  

23                 Indeed, Bob Kane and Bill Finger are 

24    both from the Bronx, the co-creators of Batman.  

25    I wanted to clarify that so you don't get a bunch 


                                                               1142

 1    of emails and phone calls.  

 2                 (Laughter.)

 3                 THE PRESIDENT:   Good?  

 4                 To Bronx Borough President Vanessa 

 5    Gibson and District Attorney Clark, to all of our 

 6    guests here today representing the boogie-down 

 7    Bronx, I welcome you on behalf of the Senate.  We 

 8    extend to you the privileges and courtesies of 

 9    the house.  

10                 Please, all of you, rise and be 

11    recognized.  

12                 (Standing ovation.)

13                 THE PRESIDENT:   The resolution was 

14    adopted on March 5th.

15                 Senator Gianaris.  

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

17    before we move on, I want to state clearly for 

18    the record that the best superhero is Spider-Man, 

19    who is in fact from Queens.  He is from Queens.  

20                 (Laughter.)

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   You develop it 

22    wherever you want -- he lived in Queens, 

23    Senator Serrano.

24                 (Laughter.)

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   All right, let's 


                                                               1143

 1    move on to more serious matters:  

 2    Resolution 1718, by Senator May.  Please read 

 3    that resolution's title and recognize 

 4    Senator May.

 5                 THE PRESIDENT:   The Secretary will 

 6    read.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 1718, by 

 8    Senator May, recognizing Tuesday, March 10, 2026, 

 9    as Harriet Tubman Day.

10                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator May on the 

11    resolution.

12                 SENATOR MAY:   Thank you, 

13    Mr. President.  

14                 After taking in all that Bronx 

15    pride, let me transport you 250 miles northwest 

16    of the Bronx to the beautiful if diminutive city 

17    of Auburn, New York, which proudly calls itself  

18    History's Hometown, in part because it was the 

19    chosen home of one of America's most courageous 

20    heroes, Harriet Tubman.

21                 Today is the anniversary of her 

22    death.  She died in 1913, after a long and 

23    remarkable life.  And it is fitting now, during 

24    Women's History Month, and just after Black 

25    History Month, that we pause to remember the life 


                                                               1144

 1    of Harriet Tubman.  

 2                 Born into slavery in Maryland, she 

 3    occupies a key place in Black history for her 

 4    incredible bravery and dedication to helping 

 5    many, many men, women and children escape 

 6    slavery.  

 7                 As a conductor on the 

 8    Underground Railroad, she risked her own life and 

 9    freedom countless times, bringing others 

10    northward.  She once said, in all those years she 

11    never ran her train off the track and never lost 

12    a passenger.

13                 Harriet Tubman also made women's 

14    history when she joined the Union cause in the 

15    Civil War as a nurse, cook, scout and spy.  And 

16    in 1863, she became the first American woman to 

17    lead an armed military raid at the 

18    Combahee River.  The raid resulted in the 

19    liberation of over 700 enslaved people, and dealt 

20    a serious blow to the Confederate cause.  

21                 Ms. Tubman was posthumously awarded 

22    the rank of brigadier general in the Army for her 

23    achievements in that war.

24                 Here in New York, Harriet Tubman 

25    made a quieter kind of history after she settled 


                                                               1145

 1    in Auburn.  She chose that city because of her 

 2    close friendship with several abolitionists and 

 3    fighters for women's suffrage, notably 

 4    Frances Seward and her husband, William Seward.  

 5                 William Seward served in this body 

 6    as the State Senator from Auburn, then as 

 7    Governor of New York State and United States 

 8    Senator from New York State, and eventually as 

 9    Lincoln's Secretary of State.

10                 The Sewards provided Ms. Tubman a 

11    home in Auburn, where she lived for the last five 

12    decades of her life, continuing her humanitarian 

13    activities.  

14                 She was a pillar of the AME Zion 

15    Church in Auburn and worked with the church to 

16    found the Harriet Tubman Home for Elderly and 

17    Indigent African-Americans, which became 

18    essentially a nursing home that she ended up 

19    living in at the end of her life.

20                 Harriet Tubman was well into her 

21    nineties when she died in 1913, and she's buried 

22    in Fort Hill Cemetery, a stone's throw from the 

23    AME Zion Church and not far from the Seward 

24    family plot.  

25                 Auburn is still home to many of her 


                                                               1146

 1    descendants.  And last year the United States 

 2    Park Service opened the Harriet Tubman National 

 3    Historic Park in Auburn.

 4                 On this Harriet Tubman Day in this 

 5    Women's History Month, I am grateful to the 

 6    Senate for recognizing the life and legacy of 

 7    this extraordinary New Yorker.

 8                 Thank you.

 9                 THE PRESIDENT:   Thank you, 

10    Senator May.

11                 Senator Webb on the resolution.

12                 SENATOR WEBB:   Thank you, 

13    Mr. President.

14                 I want to thank Senator May and also 

15    Assemblymember Meeks in the Assembly for bringing 

16    in resolution forward today, and of course our 

17    Senate Majority Leader, Andrea Stewart-Cousins, 

18    for honoring the life, courage and enduring 

19    legacy of Harriet Tubman.

20                 Harriet Tubman had so many, many 

21    esteemed titles and names.  Most certainly a few 

22    I'll just lift up:  Araminta, Moses, conductor, 

23    feminist icon, and so many more.  And as 

24    Senator May very eloquently described, she not 

25    only escaped bondage, but her story did not end 


                                                               1147

 1    with her own freedom.  Instead, she made the 

 2    brave and selfless decision to return to the 

 3    South time and time again, guiding enslaved men, 

 4    women and children along the Underground Railroad 

 5    towards safety and liberty.  

 6                 Now, she was a woman of small 

 7    stature but she was filled with mighty courage, 

 8    vision and commitment.  She not only answered the 

 9    call to lead, she was driven by an indomitable 

10    and divine spirit to make a difference.

11                 Harriet Tubman's courage and her 

12    commitment to change has made an impact on many 

13    lives and strengthened the movement for freedom 

14    in this country.

15                 At a time when helping someone 

16    escape slavery could literally cost a person 

17    their life, and when you think about laws at that 

18    time, the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act, which 

19    allowed -- which was a law that literally allowed 

20    people to not only be captured but put back into 

21    slavery -- she risked all of these things because 

22    of this assignment that she was given.

23                 Her leadership, resilience, and 

24    faith inspired countless people to resist 

25    injustice and believe in the possibility of a 


                                                               1148

 1    better future.  She not only led enslaved Black 

 2    people towards freedom, she defied the odds and 

 3    enshrined the fight for human dignity and rights 

 4    into our collective story.

 5                 Mr. President, the 

 6    Underground Railroad was made possible by a 

 7    network of communities that believed in that same 

 8    principle.  One of those communities is in my 

 9    district, in the City of Binghamton, which I am 

10    very proud to represent and very proud to have 

11    been born and raised there.  Binghamton served as 

12    a stop along the Underground Railroad where local 

13    residents quietly provided shelter and support to 

14    individuals seeking freedom.  And today that 

15    history is remembered through initiatives like 

16    the Binghamton Freedom Trail, which highlights 

17    important sites throughout the city connected to 

18    the Underground Railroad, and the broader 

19    struggle for abolition and civil rights.  

20                 One such site is Trinity AME 

21    Zion Church, a historic institution that played a 

22    role in that legacy of courage and community 

23    leadership.  

24                 And for the people of Binghamton and 

25    the Southern Tier, these sites stand as powerful 


                                                               1149

 1    reminders and calls to action for courage, 

 2    compassion, and moral conviction that cannot only 

 3    help to move our community forward but also move 

 4    our nation closer towards the promise of liberty 

 5    for all.

 6                 I urge my colleagues to join me in 

 7    supporting this resolution.  As we reflect on 

 8    Harriet Tubman's legacy, may we continue to honor 

 9    her example by remembering this history of 

10    liberation, of human dignity and more, and carry 

11    it forward through our efforts here in this 

12    chamber to lift up those values of freedom, 

13    justice, and human dignity.

14                 Thank you, Mr. President.

15                 THE PRESIDENT:   Thank you, 

16    Senator Webb.

17                 The question is on the resolution.  

18    All those in favor please signify by saying aye.

19                 (Response of "Aye.")

20                 THE PRESIDENT:   Opposed, nay.

21                 (No response.)

22                 THE PRESIDENT:   The resolution is 

23    adopted.

24                 Senator Gianaris.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   And now let's 


                                                               1150

 1    move on to Resolution 1723, by Majority Leader 

 2    Stewart-Cousins, read that resolution's title, 

 3    and recognize Senator Gonzalez to speak on that 

 4    resolution.

 5                 THE PRESIDENT:   The Secretary will 

 6    read.  

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 1723, by 

 8    Senator Stewart-Cousins, commemorating the 

 9    61st Anniversary of Bloody Sunday and the 

10    Selma-to-Montgomery march across the 

11    Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, which 

12    served as a catalyst for the passage of the 

13    1965 Voting Rights Act.

14                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Gonzalez on 

15    the resolution.

16                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Thank you, 

17    Mr. President.

18                 And thank you to the leader for 

19    bringing forward this resolution honoring the 

20    61st Anniversary of Bloody Sunday.  

21                 This anniversary is bittersweet as 

22    we mourn the loss of civil rights activist 

23    Jesse Jackson and celebrate the incredible work 

24    he and so many other activists did to defend our 

25    most fundamental rights.  


                                                               1151

 1                 On March 7, 1965, 600 peaceful 

 2    activists marched across the Edmund Pettus Bridge 

 3    in Selma.  This was part of a series of civil 

 4    rights protests against the systemic denial of 

 5    Black voter registration.

 6                 Even though the Civil Rights Act of 

 7    1964 forbade discrimination in voting on the 

 8    basis of race, efforts by civil rights 

 9    organizations such as the Southern Christian 

10    Leadership Council and the Student Nonviolent 

11    Coordinating Committee to register Black voters 

12    were met with resistance, violence and 

13    intimidation in southern states.

14                 The brutality these marchers faced 

15    on that bridge at the hands of 150 Alabama state 

16    troopers, sheriffs deputies and white vigilante 

17    groups shocked the nation.  Known later as Bloody 

18    Sunday, this action led to the 

19    Selma-to-Montgomery march and later to the 

20    passage of the Voting Rights Act.  

21                 This anniversary serves as a 

22    sobering reminder that, as Janai Nelson, 

23    president of the Legal Defense Fund, put it:  

24    "There has not been a moment in this democracy 

25    where we have not had to fight for our right to 


                                                               1152

 1    vote, where we have not faced hurdles in casting 

 2    a vote."

 3                 Mr. President, there hasn't been a 

 4    single moment since the passage of the Voting 

 5    Rights Act that there hasn't been a concerted 

 6    effort to undermine it.  The Voting Rights Act of 

 7    1965 banned racist literacy tests as a 

 8    requirement for voting, but today we see states 

 9    passing onerous voter I.D. requirements when 

10    studies show that nearly 29 million voting-age 

11    U.S. citizens lacked a valid driver's license and 

12    over 7 million had no other form of non-expired 

13    government-issue photo identification.  

14                 The Voting Rights Act reduced the 

15    disparity between Black and white voters and 

16    allowed greater numbers of Black voters to 

17    participate in local politics.  But today we're 

18    seeing polling places shut down in Black and 

19    brown neighborhoods.  In the past year alone, the 

20    federal government has taken actions to weaken 

21    voting rights for all Americans, from threats to 

22    eliminate mail-in voting to nationalizing the 

23    electoral process.  

24                 The Supreme Court, after striking 

25    down huge portions of the Voting Rights Act in 


                                                               1153

 1    2013, is once again hearing a case that could 

 2    absolutely gut it.  

 3                 The fight for our right to vote and, 

 4    by extension, the fight for our democracy did not 

 5    start at Selma, and it certainly has not ended 

 6    since.  Voting rights are the anchor for all of 

 7    the other rights we fought for and won over the 

 8    last 60 years.  The marchers in Selma understood  

 9    that.  The generations of activists who followed 

10    them knew that.  And here in New York we 

11    understand we have a responsibility to defend 

12    each of the rights that we've won.

13                 Under the leadership of our 

14    Majority Leader, Andrea Stewart-Cousins, we've 

15    passed the John R. Lewis Voting Rights Act and 

16    some of the most robust elections protections, 

17    including adding more early voting places and 

18    ballot drop-off boxes.  

19                 We've passed same-day registration 

20    on the first day of early voting.  We've moved to 

21    protect elections officers and have encouraged 

22    voter education and transparency.  

23                 These wins do not mean that we can 

24    stop fighting.  They remind us that now more than 

25    ever, we must keep marching, we must keep 


                                                               1154

 1    organizing, we must keep resisting efforts to 

 2    undermine the Voting Rights Act of 1965.  They 

 3    are proof that when we do, we have the ability to 

 4    win.  

 5                 And as we commemorate Bloody Sunday, 

 6    we are not only remembering the 600 people who 

 7    marched in Selma, we are honoring a broader 

 8    tradition of everyday people coming together to 

 9    defend our most fundamental rights and stand up 

10    for the democracy that we all deserve the right 

11    to be a part of.  

12                 So I want to thank again the leader 

13    and this chamber for this resolution, and of 

14    course I proudly support it.

15                 Thank you.

16                 THE PRESIDENT:   Thank you.

17                 The question is on the resolution.  

18    All those in favor please signify by saying aye.

19                 (Response of "Aye.")

20                 THE PRESIDENT:   Opposed, nay.

21                 (No response.)

22                 THE PRESIDENT:   The resolution is 

23    adopted.  

24                 Senator Gianaris.  

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 


                                                               1155

 1    the sponsors of today's resolutions would like to 

 2    open them for cosponsorship.

 3                 THE PRESIDENT:   The resolutions are 

 4    open for cosponsorship.  Should you choose not to 

 5    be a cosponsor, please notify the desk.

 6                 Senator Gianaris.  

 7                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please take up 

 8    the calendar.

 9                 THE PRESIDENT:   The Secretary will 

10    read.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

12    176, Senate Print 2598A, by Senator Mayer, an act 

13    to amend the General Municipal Law.

14                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

15    section.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 8.  This 

17    act shall take effect one year after it shall 

18    have become a law.

19                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

20                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

21                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

22    Calendar 176, voting in the negative:  

23    Senator Walczyk.

24                 Ayes, 60.  Nays, 1.

25                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.


                                                               1156

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    206, Senate Print 4692, by Senator Cleare, an act 

 3    to amend the Public Health Law.

 4                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

 5    section.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 7    act shall take effect immediately.  

 8                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

 9                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

10                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Cleare to 

11    explain her vote.

12                 SENATOR CLEARE:   Thank you, 

13    Mr. President.

14                 Period poverty is a real condition.  

15    The cost of menstrual products can be 

16    astronomical, especially to those who have lower 

17    incomes, such as college students.  In reality 

18    the purpose of these products is simple:  To 

19    provide essential health options to deal with a 

20    naturally occurring bodily process.  

21                 No one should have to budget for 

22    this or go without just to afford period 

23    products.  Would we make people bear the burden 

24    and cost of toilet paper, hand soap, and paper 

25    towels?  


                                                               1157

 1                 The bill before us continues a 

 2    movement that was started almost 10 years ago, 

 3    and that is to make sure that menstrual 

 4    products are provided free of charge in the 

 5    restrooms of all educational institutions.  This 

 6    bill is needed because in a recent survey, 

 7    48 percent of students said they have struggled 

 8    to access menstrual products due to cost or other 

 9    barriers.  

10                 The study also found that nearly one 

11    in five, 19 percent of female college students 

12    reported that they felt forced to decide between 

13    buying period products and paying for other 

14    expenses such as food and other bills.  

15                 We can do better than that, and we 

16    will.  In my office we are holding a trio of 

17    events this March concerning period poverty, 

18    including outreach to schools, a product 

19    collection drive, and a day of action.  

20                 I thank my colleagues for voting for 

21    this bill and for all that we have done, 

22    individually and collectively, to alleviate 

23    period poverty, period.  

24                 Thank you.  

25                 (Laughter.)


                                                               1158

 1                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Cleare will 

 2    be recorded in the affirmative.

 3                 Announce the results.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 5    Calendar 206, voting in the negative are 

 6    Senators Borrello, Gallivan, Martins, Walczyk and 

 7    Weik.

 8                 Ayes, 56.  Nays, 5.

 9                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

11    275, Senate Print 4470A, by Senator Mayer, an act 

12    to amend the Executive Law.

13                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

14    section.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

16    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

17    shall have become a law.

18                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 THE PRESIDENT:   Announce the 

21    results.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

23    Calendar 275, voting in the negative are 

24    Senators Brisport, Griffo, Oberacker and Weik.

25                 Ayes, 57.  Nays, 4.


                                                               1159

 1                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 3    310, Senate Print 627, by Senator Stavisky, an 

 4    act to amend the Education Law.

 5                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

 6    section.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

 8    act shall take effect immediately.  

 9                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

10                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

11                 THE PRESIDENT:   Announce the 

12    results.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

14                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    357, Senate Print 516A, by Senator Persaud, an 

17    act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law.

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Lay it aside for 

19    the day, please.  

20                 THE PRESIDENT:   Lay it aside for 

21    the day.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

23    360, Senate Print 3249, by Senator Cooney, an act 

24    to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law.

25                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 


                                                               1160

 1    section.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 3    act shall take effect immediately.

 4                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

 5                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 6                 THE PRESIDENT:   Announce the 

 7    results.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

 9                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

11    368, Senate Print 2491, by Senator Gounardes, an 

12    act to amend the Criminal Procedure Law.

13                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

14    section.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

16    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

17    shall have become a law.

18                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 THE PRESIDENT:   Announce the 

21    results.  

22                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

23    Calendar 368, voting in the negative are 

24    Senators Borrello, Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, 

25    Helming, Lanza, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 


                                                               1161

 1    O'Mara, Ortt, Rhoads, Stec, Walczyk and Weik.

 2                 Ayes, 46.  Nays, 15.

 3                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 5    371, Senate Print 2236A, by Senator Gounardes, an 

 6    act to amend the Labor Law.

 7                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

 8    section.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 5.  This 

10    act shall take effect immediately.

11                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

12                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

13                 THE PRESIDENT:   Announce the 

14    results.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

16    Calendar 371, voting in the negative:  

17    Senator Walczyk.

18                 Ayes, 60.  Nays, 1.

19                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    390, Senate Print 2278A, by Senator Webb, an act 

22    to amend the Public Health Law.

23                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

24    section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               1162

 1    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

 2    shall have become a law.

 3                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Webb to 

 6    explain her vote.

 7                 SENATOR WEBB:   Thank you, 

 8    Mr. President.

 9                 I want to lift up this legislation 

10    because it does several things.  

11                 One, it affirms something we all 

12    know to be very true, and that is nurses are the 

13    backbone of our healthcare system and quite 

14    frankly, their voices deserve to be heard at 

15    every table where critical decisions are made, 

16    especially at the highest levels.

17                 What this bill does is that it 

18    requires the governing bodies of hospitals to 

19    include at least one registered professional 

20    nurse from the community as a sitting and voting 

21    member.

22                 This is a commonsense step.  And 

23    nurses, as we know, bring such essential 

24    expertise, whether it's to the boardroom, they 

25    help shape policies, strengthen hospital 


                                                               1163

 1    reputation, and guide care in ways that directly 

 2    benefit us, their patients.

 3                 The nursing profession is incredibly 

 4    diverse.  It encompasses individuals committed to 

 5    serving patients, families, and our communities.  

 6    Nurses work on the frontlines of care and bring a 

 7    wide range of skills and strategic thinking, 

 8    problem-solving, communication and leadership 

 9    that go far beyond the bedside.

10                 These competencies not only improve 

11    patient outcomes but also enhance the overall 

12    effectiveness and resilience of our hospitals.

13                 Mr. President, our state thrives 

14    when decisions are informed by those with the 

15    firsthand experience on the frontlines of care.  

16    Including nurses on hospital boards is not just 

17    simply sound policy, it is essential for stronger 

18    hospitals and better healthcare for everyone.

19                 I proudly vote aye, and I encourage 

20    my colleagues to do the same.

21                 Thank you.

22                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Webb will 

23    be recorded in the affirmative.

24                 Announce the results.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 


                                                               1164

 1    Calendar 390, voting in the negative are 

 2    Senators Ashby, Borrello, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, 

 3    Gallivan, Griffo, Martins, Mattera, Murray, 

 4    Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Rhoads, Stec, Walczyk 

 5    and Weber.

 6                 Ayes, 46.  Nays, 15.

 7                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    391, Senate Print 2400, by Senator Persaud, an 

10    act to amend the Public Health Law.

11                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

12    section.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

14    act shall take effect on the 90th day after it 

15    shall have become a law.

16                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 THE PRESIDENT:   Senator Murray to 

19    explain his vote.

20                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

21    Mr. President.

22                 First let me start by sincerely 

23    thanking my colleague Senator Persaud for working 

24    on this together, and also to a member of her 

25    staff who really played a big role in putting 


                                                               1165

 1    this together.  We sat and talked for quite some 

 2    time, sharing our stories.  And that is Michelle 

 3    Edwin Alvarez, who really was instrumental in 

 4    doing this.  

 5                 I've told this story, so I'll give 

 6    kind of the Reader's Digest version of this.  The 

 7    importance of this cannot be understated.  And I 

 8    say that because 15 years ago I was much more 

 9    active than I am now.  I was playing softball on 

10    Sunday mornings.  And rounding third base, blew 

11    out my knee one morning.  And I had just gotten 

12    elected to the Assembly at the time.  

13                 Blew out the knee.  I mean, bad.  

14    Surgery was required.  So I come up here and I 

15    actually used a doctor up here in Albany that was 

16    also working for the New York Giants.  So I 

17    thought okay, this guy knows what he's doing.

18                 Had the surgery, and after the 

19    surgery -- it was right around Memorial Day.  We 

20    went home.  I wasn't marching in parades, but was 

21    going to different parades, and I remember we 

22    pulled right up to the stage after one parade, I 

23    get out of the car, literally just walked up the 

24    steps and over to the microphone to say a few 

25    words, and I was completely out of breath.  I was 


                                                               1166

 1    having chest pains, wasn't sure what was going 

 2    on.  How could that have anything to do with the 

 3    knee surgery, right?  So I didn't know what was 

 4    happening.  

 5                 Felt a little bit better.  On the 

 6    drive back to Albany after that weekend, talking 

 7    to my chief of staff, and he said, "You know, we 

 8    really need to get that checked out."  Okay.  So 

 9    we get up to Albany, and I call the doctor who 

10    did the surgery, and he says, "Yeah, we can see 

11    you either right now or next Thursday."  Right 

12    now won, so we jumped in the car, we go see him.  

13    He examines me a little bit and then says, "Hmm, 

14    I think I need to send you over to get something 

15    else done, maybe an ultrasound."  

16                 So we go over there and do that.  

17    And each time I was noticing the doctors and 

18    everyone was growing in urgency.  But I didn't 

19    know why.  I didn't understand it.  Well, they 

20    finally end up sending me to the emergency room.  

21    They said, "You have to go there now."  

22                 So we're driving over, and I called 

23    over and said, "Are we going into session?  I 

24    don't want to miss any votes.  Maybe I could come 

25    back, do the votes and then go to the hospital."  


                                                               1167

 1    He said, "What are you, crazy?  We're going to 

 2    the hospital."  

 3                 Well, luckily they were smarter than 

 4    I was.  We went straight to the hospital, and at 

 5    that point everyone scrambling and running, and 

 6    I'm starting to get really nervous now.  What's 

 7    going on?  Well, they were scrambling and running 

 8    because I had blood clots.  I then had a 

 9    pulmonary embolism.  I didn't know what that was.  

10    I had no idea.  And I didn't realize that about 

11    40 percent of the people that have that end up 

12    dying.  So that's why everyone was scrambling.  

13                 So today I said, I wonder just how 

14    bad -- I mean, even today, after going through 

15    all this, I wonder how bad that is.  I looked it 

16    up, and I said, How many people in the United 

17    States die of a pulmonary embolism each year?  

18    Well, come to find out, it says that it's a 

19    leading cause of cardiovascular mortality, often 

20    behind only heart attacks and strokes.  Anywhere 

21    from 100,000 to 200,000 people a year die from a 

22    pulmonary embolism.  

23                 For those who don't know what that 

24    is, that's throwing a blood clot, basically.  You 

25    get a clot in one area, and it goes up and it can 


                                                               1168

 1    go to your heart and kill you.

 2                 Mine, luckily, got caught in my 

 3    lung, so it never made it.  The doc said the next 

 4    stop was mortality.  The next stop, you would not 

 5    have lived.  So luckily, it got caught in my 

 6    lung.  So I ended up in the hospital for a few 

 7    days.

 8                 But the point of this long extended 

 9    story -- sorry, I promised it would be short.  

10    But the point of this long extended story is I 

11    didn't know any of this.  They say ignorance is 

12    bliss.  I guess I was a little happy because I 

13    didn't know how serious this was.  It is very, 

14    very serious.

15                 It says many of these deaths occur 

16    rapidly or before a formal diagnosis can be made, 

17    as it is a common, often-preventable complication 

18    in hospitalized patients.  I didn't know after 

19    surgery you're supposed to get up and move 

20    around.  Circulate the blood.  Do that.  I didn't 

21    know this.  That's why I formed a clot.  

22                 To this day I still have and am 

23    forming blood clots.  We never figured out why.  

24    I went through dozens and dozens of tests all 

25    over the place; we couldn't figure out why.  Many 


                                                               1169

 1    people, it's hereditary or genetic.  Others, it 

 2    can be after surgery or a complication or 

 3    something.  We never figured out why with me.  

 4                 So I kept forming them and we had to 

 5    do emergency surgery and put a filter in just in 

 6    case another one gets thrown.  So to this day, 

 7    I'm still learning more and more about it.  

 8                 So putting this working group 

 9    together, the information that can be gathered 

10    from that, is imperative.  This is a bill that 

11    I'm proud to say could literally save lives.  

12                 So again, Senator Persaud, I say 

13    thank you.  To your staffer, Michelle, I say 

14    thank you, God bless you.  

15                 And I'm thrilled to vote yes, 

16    Mr. President.

17                 THE PRESIDENT:   Thank you, 

18    Senator Murray.

19                 Senator Murray will be recorded in 

20    the affirmative.

21                 Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick.  

22                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

23    Thank you, Mr. President.  

24                 I too want to rise and thank 

25    Senator Persaud and Senator Murray for your 


                                                               1170

 1    advocacy on this issue.

 2                 Just recently my 21-year-old 

 3    daughter Elizabeth -- who gave me permission to 

 4    speak about her today, by the way -- is a senior 

 5    down at the University of Virginia.  Had to have 

 6    emergency surgery, and about five days after 

 7    surgery her arm turned blue.  She couldn't 

 8    breathe.  

 9                 Thank God for her roommates.  They 

10    brought her to the hospital.  And she has blood 

11    clots, one that's cutting off the circulation to 

12    her arm, and it's close to her heart.  Multiple 

13    blood clots in both of her lungs.  

14                 And it's something I knew nothing 

15    about.  A kid that could run an 8-minute mile 

16    just the week before could now walk from here to 

17    there and was out of breath.  She couldn't travel 

18    home for her grandfather's funeral because she's 

19    not permitted to travel.  

20                 And I daresay this is something that 

21    will likely affect her for the rest of her life.  

22    The doctors have said if she wants to have 

23    children, she will likely have to be on blood 

24    thinners during her whole pregnancy.  And the 

25    surgery that she had was for an ovarian torsion, 


                                                               1171

 1    so her motherhood is clearly in jeopardy now, 

 2    which is really scary.  

 3                 But I just want to thank you for 

 4    bringing this to the floor.  I look forward to 

 5    hearing what this working group has to say.  

 6    Because the doctors don't understand why this 

 7    happens, how to treat it, how to detect it.  And 

 8    it's a very scary thing for a young woman to go 

 9    through this.  And certainly as her mom, it's 

10    very scary.  

11                 So thank you both for bringing this 

12    to the floor.  I proudly vote aye.

13                 Thank you, Mr. President.

14                 THE PRESIDENT:   Thank you.  

15                 Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick will 

16    be recorded in the affirmative.

17                 Announce the results.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

19                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    413, Senate Print 3078, by Senator Comrie, an act 

22    to amend the General Business Law.

23                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

24    section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               1172

 1    act shall take effect immediately.

 2                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

 3                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 4                 THE PRESIDENT:   Announce the 

 5    results.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 7    Calendar 413, voting in the negative:  

 8    Senators Chan and Walczyk.

 9                 Ayes, 59.  Nays, 2.

10                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

12    437, Assembly Bill Number 4382A, by 

13    Assemblymember Paulin, an act to amend the 

14    Education Law.

15                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

16    section.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

18    act shall take effect immediately.  

19                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

20                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

21                 THE PRESIDENT:   Announce the 

22    results.  

23                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

24    Calendar 437, voting in the negative are 

25    Senators Borrello, Chan, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt 


                                                               1173

 1    and Weik.

 2                 Ayes, 55.  Nays, 6.

 3                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 5    449, Senate Print 374, by Senator Gianaris, an 

 6    act to amend the Legislative Law.

 7                 THE PRESIDENT:   Read the last 

 8    section.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 7.  This 

10    act shall take effect immediately.  

11                 THE PRESIDENT:   Call the roll.

12                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

13                 THE PRESIDENT:   Announce the 

14    results.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

16    Calendar 449, voting in the negative are 

17    Senators Ashby, Borrello, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, 

18    Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, Mattera, Murray, 

19    Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Stec, 

20    Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

21                 Ayes, 42.  Nays, 19.

22                 THE PRESIDENT:   The bill is passed.

23                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

24    reading of today's calendar.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there any 


                                                               1174

 1    further business at the desk?

 2                 THE PRESIDENT:   There is no further 

 3    business at the desk.

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   In that case, I 

 5    move to adjourn until tomorrow, Wednesday, 

 6    March 11th, at 3:00 p.m.

 7                 THE PRESIDENT:   On motion, the 

 8    Senate stands adjourned until Wednesday, 

 9    March 11th, at 3:00 p.m.

10                 (Whereupon, at 4:40 p.m., the Senate 

11    adjourned.)

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